Edo era of Japanese historiography

Edo period is the most developed period of ancient Japanese historiography. In order to improve its authority, Tokugawa shogunate carried out large-scale historical compilation, which lasted for 200 years. Important achievements include General History of Japan in this Dynasty, General History of Ashikaga, History of Tokugawa Entrepreneurship, History of Tokugawa General, History of Tokugawa, Biography of Kuanyong Noble Family, Restoration of Kuanzheng Aristocratic Family, etc. At this time, the Confucian sense of justice and the historical view of persuading good and punishing evil have replaced the mysterious historical view of religion and occupied a dominant position. The History of Japan (397 volumes) compiled by Lin Luoshan and his son and the History of Great Japan compiled by Mito's master Tokugawa Guangfo are two representative general histories guided by Confucian historical view. The former, taking "Lessons Learned from Mutual Understanding" as an example, adopts a chronological style and advocates "persuading according to facts and punishing oneself"; The latter takes Historical Records as a model, adopts biographical style, expounds theory, praises, and promotes the theory of birthright and the thought of respecting Wang Si. In the middle period of Edo, the system of mufan began to shake, and the Confucian view of history was divorced from reality, and there was a trend of developing and transforming Confucianism or replacing Confucianism with Chinese studies. From the standpoint of military school, Takeo Baishi carried forward the rational side of Confucianism, attached importance to rationality and positivism, and opposed religious mysticism. According to the general trend of the times and the significance of changes, his masterpiece Reading History puts forward a relatively objective historical staging theory of "nine changes in the general trend of the world" and "five changes in the Wu family era". At the same time, the ancient school of Confucianism appeared, such as A Record of China and North Korea by Rushan Lu Su, which uncritically affirmed the records of ancient events and Japan, and advocated that Japan's Mikado system was continuous and superior to China's. Sheng Di-Culai advocated to grasp the spirit of the times by interpreting ancient words and to understand its society by interpreting ancient laws, but it did not form a systematic historical work. Xuan Chang, who lives here, collects the achievements of Chinese studies and writes the Biography of Ancient Stories. He studied the classics by empirical methods, excluding the explanations attached to Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism, but his conclusion was that "the imperial mind of God" promoted history and returned to religious mysticism. The extensive use of historical materials and detailed textual research show the development and progress of historiography. For example, the eighth generation general Tokugawa Kizong was keen on the interview and copying of ancient books, the old Zhong Songping decided to collect ten kinds of ancient books and the ancient books department, and the shogunate funded the compilation of historical materials. In addition, Tanigawa Shimizu's General Record of Japanese Records, Kawamura Hideki's Collection of Japanese Records, his companion's Long Climbing Wind and Textual Research of Japanese Spiritual Records all push the textual research of classic annotations to a new stage. At the end of the shogunate, Lai's History of Japan put forward the historical theory that the regime changes with time, the title of monarch and minister remains unchanged, and the humble replaces the noble, which provided a historical basis for the idea of respect. Ida Chihiro's "Three Changes in the General Trend" divides Japanese history into three parts according to social forms, namely, the bone generation of blood relationship, the professional generation with complete system and the names of large and small names, which is unique.