Xia
Xia is the first slave country in China, and its schools have clear written records, but there is no direct evidence. Education is mainly aimed at soldiers, with special emphasis on shooting and training warriors. The contents of education include military education, religious education and moral education.
Shang
During the Shang Dynasty, the school recorded ancient books, and there was evidence of cultural relics. At that time, there were already mature scripts such as Oracle Bone Inscriptions, Wen Tao and Jinwen. Universities, primary schools, Chinese studies and rural studies have different classifications. The content of education focuses on ideological and political education, music education and book number education. From the Oracle bone inscriptions, there were schools in the Shang Dynasty, and the schools had a certain scale, and the slave owners and nobles attached great importance to school education.
Western Zhou Dynasty
During the Western Zhou Dynasty, the state-owned land system of slave owners and nobles was implemented economically, and the enfeoffment system based on patriarchal clan system was implemented politically, and the ideology gradually changed from attaching importance to ghosts and gods to attaching importance to personnel. All these decide that the rulers attach great importance to education and have a high degree of monopoly. The school settings in the Western Zhou Dynasty are divided into two categories: 1. According to the administrative level, it is divided into Chinese studies and rural studies. Chinese studies is a central school located in Wangdu, which is specially set up for the children of slave owners and nobles. Rural schools are located in six townships outside the capital, that is, local schools, which are generally established for slave owners and some children of ordinary people. 2, according to the age of admission is divided into primary schools and universities. Because of different grades, primary school and university education start at different times. Princes can receive primary school education at the age of 8, princes and princes at the age of 1 or 13, and ordinary students must reach the age of 15. The study period of primary education is 7 years, during which I mainly study moral code of conduct and social life knowledge and skills. The prince received a university education at the age of 15, and the officials and civilians must be at least 2 years old, and the length of university education is 9 years.
the western Zhou dynasty paid special attention to moral education, with "human relations in the Ming dynasty" as the core. Students learn six arts at school: etiquette (political ethics), music (comprehensive art), shooting (archery), writing (writing) and counting (calculation).
Family education in the Western Zhou Dynasty can be seen from the following words: "A child can eat and teach his right hand. Can speak, male only straight female Yu Wan, male Lu Ge, female Lu Si. Six years, the number and name of teaching. For seven years, men and women did not sit at the same table and did not eat. In eight years, when you enter the portal and eat impromptu food, you must be the elder before you teach. Nine years, teaching for a few days. In ten years, I will be a foreigner and live outside. Secretary of the school, ... If a woman doesn't leave for ten years, she will be obedient. " It means: a baby should be taught to eat with his right hand when he can eat. When you begin to learn to speak, you should first teach him how to answer the greetings of adults. Boys should answer straight and girls should answer gently. Boys want Paige's garment belt, and girls want Peisi's garment belt. When the child is six years old, teach him to count and know the directions in the east, west, north and south. At the age of seven, boys and girls can't sit on a mat, and they don't use a tableware. At the age of eight, I started comity training. When you go in and out of the door and eat, you should let the elderly be ahead of yourself. At the age of nine, I have to teach children to learn to calculate dates. In addition to teaching the arrangement of ages and dates with natural numbers, we should also learn the heavenly stems and earthly branches matching method specially used in ancient China. At the age of ten, the boy goes out to school to learn writing and calculation, and he can no longer live in the inner room. When a girl is ten years old, she will no longer go out of the boudoir, and the nanny or mother will teach the female workers. Learn to hemp and reel off silk.