Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region is located in the hinterland of Asia-Europe continent and the northwest border of the motherland, with a total area of 1664900 square kilometers, accounting for about one sixth of the total land area of China. The country borders Tibet, Qinghai and Gansu provinces, and borders Mongolia, Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Afghanistan, Pakistan and India. The land boundary is 5742. 1 km, accounting for about a quarter of the national land boundary. It is a provincial administrative region with the largest area, the largest number of neighboring countries and the longest land border in China.
The topography of Xinjiang can be summarized as "three mountains and two basins": Altai Mountain in the north, Kunlun Mountain in the south and Tianshan Mountain in the middle, which divides Xinjiang into Tarim Basin in the south and Junggar Basin in the north. Traditionally, the south is called southern Xinjiang and the north is called northern Xinjiang. Hami and Turpan basins are considered as the eastern Xinjiang. The highest point, Jogory Peak, is located on the Kashmir border, with an altitude of 86 1 1 m. Tarim Basin in southern Xinjiang covers an area of 530,000 square kilometers and is the largest inland basin in China. Junggar Basin in northern Xinjiang covers an area of about 380,000 square kilometers and is the second great basin in China.