1. The second volume of "Ancient Chinese" by Mr. Wang Li is followed by "[Appendix 1] Simplified and Traditional Comparison Table"
Website /gudaihanyu/064.htm
2. Ancient Chinese article "General Theory of Ancient Chinese (6) Ancient and Modern Characters, Variants and Simplified Characters"
Traditional and simplified characters
Simplified Chinese characters can be traced back to the era of Oracle Bone Inscriptions. Many simplified characters were used in Han Dynasty. In the Northern Wei Dynasty, the chaotic characters were simplified into chaotic characters, which is the same as the simplified characters published now. Since the Song and Yuan Dynasties, simplified characters have been further developed among the broad masses of the people. Most of the simplified characters popular in China today are handed down from generation to generation.
To learn ancient Chinese, we should master both simplified characters and traditional characters. Because traditional Chinese characters are commonly used in ancient books (note: for the convenience of learning, we attach a comparison table of simplified Chinese characters and traditional Chinese characters at the back of this book for reference. )。 When learning traditional Chinese characters, we should pay attention to three relationships between traditional Chinese characters and simplified Chinese characters:
First, there is a one-to-one correspondence between most simplified characters and traditional characters. We just need to remember the traditional characters. For example:
Love: love: stop: do: do: send: hand in alum: alum cocoon: cocoon: steal: steal stove: stove official: official dung: only a few are one-to-two or one-to-three or one-to-four relationships. For example:
Hour: Hour: Hour: Hour: Hour: Hour: Hour: Hour: Hour: Hour: Hour: Hour: Hour: Hour: Hour: Hour: Hour: Hour: Hour: Hour: Hour: Hour: Hour: Hour: Hour: Hour: Hour: Hour: Hour: Hour
She nationality: ancient and modern figures of She nationality.
Recommendation: Recommend ancient GM.
Kua: Kua Gutong.
Yong: Gu Yong Tong Yong.
Rev:rev of rev is Rev.
Net: Net is the original word of net.
Qi: Qi is the essence of Qi, and Qi is the essence of Qi.
Li: Li Guti.
Grains: variants of grains. Knowing these relationships, we can know that these characters existed in ancient times, but they are simplified today, and only those with few strokes are chosen, and those with more complicated strokes are discarded. Never think that the word "shed" should be "shed" in ancient times and "recommendation" in ancient times. In this way, it is a mistake.
Thirdly, some simplified characters and traditional characters are irrelevant or obviously different in meaning. Because it is a homonym, stick figures are used. That is to say, in ancient books, two words (or three words) that were originally different were simplified and mixed into one. This situation is most noteworthy. If the meaning of simplified characters is used to explain ancient books, it will lead to misunderstanding. Now give a few examples to illustrate.
After (1), the word "Hou" was used instead of "Hou" in a few ancient books in the pre-Qin period, but it was not common, and it was no longer common in future generations. As for the meaning of "monarch" and "queen", you must never write "queen". "On Mencius Hui Liang Wang Xia": "The book says:' After visiting me, it must be the Soviet Union'!" Both words "Hou" refer to Shang Tang. The word "Hou" in the cemetery in the thirty-second year of Zuo Zhuan also refers to Jun. These words must not be written as "Hou".
(2) In ancient Chinese, "Shi" and "Shi" are fundamentally different words. [Appropriate] sound, appropriate sound stone. The Analects of Confucius asks, "Nangong Poetry asks Confucius ..." The word "yes" here is not the word "yes". In the Song Dynasty, someone called Shi Hong. If you don't know the difference between this place and "fitness", you are wrong.
(3) In ancient Chinese, the word "levy" was never confused except in the sense of levy (tax). "Conscription" means traveling (especially serving abroad) and conquering. Sign is sign, sign is sign, sign is sign; It is also one of the five tones in music (pronounced zhǐ when used in this sense). For example, the "sign" in "Li Xia can speak, but qi is not enough to sign" in the Analects of Confucius and Eight Shu must not be written as "sign"; The "sign" of "the voice of changing one's mind" in the Warring States Policy can never be replaced by "sign". On the other hand, the "sign" in the four-year "Wang Zhaonan levied and stopped" in Zuo Zhuan cannot be changed to "sign"; "No longer husband" in Zhouyi cannot be written as "husband".
(4) The remainder "Yu" is the first person pronoun, and "Yu" means remainder. In ancient books, if both words are written as "Yu" or "Yu", many words will not be explained. For example, if the word "Yu" in Qu Yuan's Lisao and Maid Sorrow Than Ma Huaixi is replaced by "Yu", Ma Yu will not work; For example, Du Fu's poem "Call him through the fence and empty the jar?" Replaced with "Yu", it becomes "try my best to drink"
There are many such cases, and only one corner can be cited. In short, when we study ancient Chinese, only by understanding the relationship between simplified characters and traditional characters can we effectively master them and correctly understand ancient works.