Everything is different from the same universe, not suitable for people but useful, and the number is also 2. Human relations should be combined with ③, seeking common ground but different, wanting the same but not knowing the same, living with ④, and being dispensable with ⑤. Know fools with 6; You can be different, but you know the difference.
The situation is the same, but we know the difference. We can be selfish but not harmful, indulge without poverty, and * * * is too excited to speak. If so, the knower is not healed; The knower does not cure, and the name is not up to date; Without fame, the masses would not be in the county. If the people are not in the county, there will be no monarch, no minister, no sovereign minister, and the world will be harmful. If you want to hate the same thing, if you want more things, you will fight for it. Therefore, there are differences in various skills. You can support a person, but you can't be an official if you have one skill. If you don't treat each other from home, you will be poor, and you will fight regardless. The poor suffer; Those who argue are also in trouble. To heal the wounded and rescue the dying, it is better to distinguish groups.
Strong threats are also weak, knowing that they are afraid of fools and the people are disobedient. They are young and long (1 1) and don't take virtue as their government. If so, all ages will worry about raising, and the strong will be in danger of fighting. Career, evil; Utilitarianism, goodness; There is no difference in occupation. If so, people will suffer from trees, but they will suffer from competition. The combination of men and women, the division of husband and wife, and the rudeness of betraying in marriage (12). If so, people will worry about disharmony, but they will be in danger of competing for color. An old friend shared it.
Benefiting the country and the people, the rest is good (13). Festival is used for ceremony, enriching people for politics. People rich are redundant (14), people rich are people rich, field fertilizer is easy (15), and field fertilizer is fruitful. The upper level uses law, and the lower level uses etiquette. Jade is like autumn mountain, burning all the time, and there is nothing to hide. What's wrong with husbands and gentlemen (16)? So if you save the people, you will have the name of benevolence, righteousness and goodness, and you will have abundant mountains and rivers. This has nothing to do with it, it was born in saving money and enriching the people. I don't know how to save people from poverty. Poor people lead to barren land (17), while barren land is full of facts. Although it is easy to take and plunder in the world, it will be scarce. Rough use, there is the name of greedy for profits and correcting overseas Chinese (18), and there is emptiness and poverty. I have no reason not to know how to save the people. Kanggu said (19): "Hongfu is the sky (20) and Ruodeyu is the body (2 1)." This is also called.
Rites such as nobility and inferiority, old and young, rich and poor, also known as (22). So the emperor clothed himself with a crown of clothes (23), and the warlord declared that he clothed himself with a crown of clothes (24), a crown of doctors' tablets (25) and a uniform (26). Virtue must be called position, position must be called Lu, and Lu must be called use. Above the scholar, we must celebrate the ceremony and music, and Shu Ren must take the law as the plan. Build a country by measuring land, educate people by calculating benefits, and teach things by measuring manpower. If the people win, things will benefit, and the benefits will be enough to give birth to the people. All of them will make food and clothing in and out (27), and they will hide the surplus, which is called number (28). So, since the son of heaven passed through Shu Ren, it has been ignored whether it is big or small, so it was pushed. Therefore, as the saying goes, "If the DPRK is unfortunate (29), the people are unfortunate." This is also called.
Guangtian tax, the collection of Guanping City (30), the number of businessmen in the province (365,438+0), but the labor force is insufficient and the agricultural time is not taken away (32), so the country is rich. The husband said that enriching the people with politics.
People can't live without groups; Without division, there will be struggle, chaos and poverty. Therefore, people who don't score will do great harm to people; If you have points, the world will benefit. And people are king, so the fulcrum of management is also very important. Therefore, beauty is the foundation of world beauty; Peace is the foundation of the world; The most valuable person is the foundation of your world. Ancient kings divided the land into different places, so they divided the land into beautiful or evil (33), thick or thin, happy or generous (34). If you don't think it's obscene or beautiful (35), you can use Ren Ming's words to make it smooth (36). Therefore, carving it, carving it, and carving it in the text (37) are enough to distinguish the noble from the humble, not seeking its view (38); For this reason, bells and drums control chimes, harps, and harps (39) so that they can distinguish between good and bad, be at peace with themselves, and not ask for the rest; For the palace pavilion, it is enough to avoid dryness and dampness, cultivate one's morality and cultivate one's nature, and distinguish between light and heavy self-nature. "Poetry" says: "Carving its chapter is rich in gold and jade (40), it is my king (465,438+0), and its subject is comprehensive." This is also called.
If the husband pays attention to color and clothes (42), taste and diet, but pays attention to property, and the world cooperation pays attention to wealth, he does not particularly consider himself a slut and a Thai, and firmly believes that he is the king of the world (43), that he can cure all changes, nurture all things (44), support all people and control the world at the same time (45), and that he is a benevolent person! Therefore, its contentment is enough to govern, its goodness is enough to determine, and its virtue is enough to melt it. If you get it, you will be cured, and if you lose it, you will be chaotic. People sincerely rely on their knowledge, so they work hard to serve it and improve their knowledge; Honesty and beauty are also thick, and die for it (46) to preserve it and promote its thickness; Honesty and beauty is also its virtue, so it is carved. The article is decorated with princes (47) to promote its virtue. Therefore, the benevolent is above the world, the people are as expensive as the emperor (48), and they are as close as their parents. Those who are willing to die for it have nothing to do with it. What they do is sincere and beautiful, what they earn is sincere and great, and what they benefit is sincere and much (49). The poem says, "I will take my chariot (50), drive my cattle, make my move (5 1), and the cloud will return to zai (52)." This is also called.
Therefore, a gentleman is virtuous and a villain is strong. The battle of strength and virtue. The people's strength, wait for it and then work (53); That group of people, make peace later; The wealth of the people, wait for it and then gather; The trend of the human heart, wait for it; People's life span is long after a hundred years. Father and son get close, brothers get unhappy, men and women get happy, the few grow up and the old get support. Therefore, it is said that "heaven and earth are born, and saints are artificial." This is also called.
This world is not (54). Thick knives and thick cloth capture wealth (55), heavy land taxes capture grain, and it is difficult to levy city taxes. Not only himself (56), but also the chair cheat (57), the tactical flip, the orange upside down, unstoppable (58). As we all know, it will be in great danger because of pollution and riots. It is a man who killed his monarch (60), descended or killed him, condensed his city (6 1), doubled his festival (62) and never died. If there is no reason, the owner will take it for himself (63). "Poetry" says (64): "No words, no lies (65), no virtue, no newspaper." This is also called.
Note ① Appropriateness: Appropriateness and proportionality. For, pass ":in". ② Number: natural law. 3 ethics: class. 4 students: pass on "sex". ⑤ Right, right. ⑥ Knowledge: communication and wisdom ". ⑦ say: advise. 8 counties: poor. Pet-name ruby: all walks of life. 10. Don't treat each other: don't rely on each other, dislike. (1 1) Ling: Bullying the weak and fearing the hard. (12): Pass "that". Reverse, welcome. (13) Zang: Pass on "Zang". (14) Yumin: From the context, it should be "frugality". (15) Yi: Zhi. (16): He. (17) Dirty and barren. (18) correction: closed. Focal (acoustic focal), take. (19) Gao Kang, with the title of Shangshu. (20) Hong: Big. (2 1) If: Shun. Nye: You. (22) said: commensurate, appropriate. (23) (Zhu,) Pure red. Jun (sound volume), the costume of a king or official, is usually called dragon robe, crown and high hat of emperor, governor and doctor. (24) Xuan: black and red. (25) pi (sound skin); A second-class suit for a nobleman. (26) edge, leather hat worn by nobles. (27) Yan (sound mask), the same. (28) Weighing: in line with the statutes. (29) Lucky: Lucky. (30) Ping: Except. (3 1) province: decrease. (32) take: lose. (33) evil: ugly. (34) Hui (Qu, Yin Qu): Hard work. (35) Thailand: arrogance. Boast, luxury. Yu Yue said that the word "Zhi" was regarded as "Ye" and the word "Sheng" was developed. (36) order: order. (37) Fu (): Black-and-white axe-shaped patterns embroidered on aristocratic clothes. A noble dress is embroidered with a black and blue pattern. Articles, embroidery patterns. (38) view: beauty. (39) Pipe: A wind instrument like a flute. Qing is a percussion instrument made of stone or jade. (40) See "The Book of Songs". Stage: quality. (4 1) Wei (): Diligence. This version of The Book of Songs is called Mianmian. (42) emphasis: attention. (43) Wang is called "one" and Liu is called "Lord". (44) material: pass "cut". (4.5) System: Wang Xianqian said "profit". (46) Death: Birth leads to death. Dead or dead. (47) Francisco: Defense. (48) Emperor: God. (49) The word "also" was initially deleted. Wang Xianqian said that there is a word "Ye" in the library. (50) See The Book of Songs Xiaoya Ji Xia Miao: Ren, Shoulder. Web: pulling a cart. (5 1) Setup: Done. (52) Gai: Modal words are meaningless. (53) merit: success. (54) then: then. (55) Knife cloth: coins. One, it's. (56) Otherwise: Not only that. (57) Yes: Pass "You." Ji "means" Ji "means coercion. Waiting for fraud, waiting for opportunities to cheat. (58) Disturbance: corruption. Xiao Ran: I understand. (60) Sword (stone, sound test): Kill next. (6 1) porridge (Yu,); Sales channel "rudder". (62 times): Pass "back". (63) The word "wild" originally: Wang Xianqian said that there is the word "wild" in a book collection. (64) See The Book of Songs, Elegant and Exquisite. (65) Hatred (sound resentment): Ying.
Everything in the world is in the same space and has different shapes. This is a natural law, which is not suitable but useful for human beings. Humans depend on each other, pursue the same, and get different ways; It is nature to have the same desire but different cognition. People are sure of everything, so are wise men and fools; There is a difference between a wise man and a fool, because they are sure of different objects.
People have the same status but different intelligence, and they are selfish and unpunished. If they indulge their selfish desires and don't stop them, ordinary people will fight and can't convince them. In this way, wise people cannot govern the country; Wise men are incurable, and fame is unattainable; If you can't become famous, the masses can't tell the grade; If the masses can't distinguish grades, then the system of monarch and minister can't be established. No monarch controls his deputy, no superior controls his subordinates, and the scourge of the world is born of indulgence of selfish desires. People's likes and dislikes of the same object, more desires, less property, less will inevitably compete with each other. Therefore, everything produced by all walks of life is a necessity to feed a person. However, it is impossible for a person to know all kinds of skills at the same time, and it is impossible for a person to hold multiple official positions at the same time. Living alone without interdependence will lead to embarrassment, and living in groups without distinction will lead to competition. Embarrassment is trouble, and competition is a curse. It is better to let people have a clear distinction and live in groups to help suffering and eliminate harm.
The strong intimidate the weak, the smart are afraid of the stupid, the ordinary people don't obey their superiors, and the teenagers bully their elders without mercy. In this way, the old and the young will lose their worries about support, and the strong will have the disaster of competing with each other. Business is something people hate; Utilitarianism is what people like; There is no division of labor in occupations. In this way, everyone has the worry of starting a career, but there is a disaster of fighting for utility. There is no etiquette in the cooperation between men and women, the difference between husband and wife, marriage blind date, paying money, seeing off daughters and wedding banquets. In this way, everyone is worried about losing their marriage, but there is a disaster of competing for women. So smart people make a distinction.
The way to make the country rich and strong lies in saving money, making people rich and being good at storing surplus property. Save money according to etiquette and make people rich according to laws. He saves money, so he has a lot of surplus. People will be rich only when they are rich. When the people are rich, the land will be fertile and well managed, and the grain produced will increase by a hundredfold. The monarch collects taxes according to laws and regulations, and the lower class saves money according to etiquette. Extra things pile up like mountains, and sometimes they have to be burned, and there is no place to collect them. Where can a gentleman worry about not having a surplus? Therefore, if you know how to save money and make people rich, you will certainly have a reputation for benevolence, righteousness, holiness and goodness, and your savings will be more than mountains. There is no other reason for doing this, just to save money and make the people rich. If you don't know how to save money and make the people rich, the people will be poor, the poor land will be barren, the land will be barren, and the grain production will be less than half. Although your majesty used clever means to collect or forcibly deprive you, you can only get very little. And some people don't use etiquette to save money, which is bound to have the notoriety of insatiable greed and emptiness and poverty. There is no other reason for this, that is, I don't know how to save money and make the people rich. Gao Kang said: "Heaven covers everything, and observing morality can make you rich." That's the truth.
Etiquette means that there is a certain distinction between high and low, between high and low, and between rich and poor. Therefore, emperors wear scarlet robes and headdresses, princes wear black and red robes and headdresses, doctors wear second-class dresses, and scholars wear fur hats and dresses. Virtue must be commensurate with position, position must be commensurate with salary, and salary must be commensurate with function. All levels should be bound by rites and music, and ordinary people should use laws and regulations to control, build the country by quantity, benefit the people by quantity, and allocate affairs by quantity. Let the people be competent for their duties, let the duties produce benefits, let the benefits be enough to feed the people, and let the people eat and wear the same as all kinds of expenses, and store the surplus property forever. This is called the law of fitting. Therefore, from the emperor down to the common people, no matter big or small, this principle is used for analogy. Therefore, "the court has no luck, and the people have no luck." That's the truth.
Reduce taxes on farmland, exempt taxes on checkpoints and markets, reduce the number of vendors, hold fewer labor projects and lose the agricultural season. In this way, the country will become rich and strong. This is called decree enriching the people.
People can't live alone; There is no difference between living in groups and fighting, and fighting will lead to chaos, and chaos is not acceptable. Therefore, no distinction is the great scourge of mankind; Being different is the fundamental plan of this world. The monarch is the center of separation. Therefore, praising the monarch is the basis of praising the world, making the monarch safe is to make the world fundamentally safe, and making the monarch noble is to make the world fundamentally respected. Ancient kings divided the crowd into different grades, and divided them into beauty, ugliness, honesty, meanness, joy and labor, which not only showed debauchery, arrogance and splendor, but also showed the specific content of benevolence and straightened out the order of benevolence. Therefore, it is enough to give them carved and gorgeous clothes, as long as they can distinguish between high and low, and do not pursue beauty; Give them bells, drums, harps and gongs, as long as they can distinguish between good and bad, happiness and stability, and do not pursue anything else; Give them houses and pavilions, as long as they are protected from the heat, humidity and cold, maintain virtue and prioritize, and pursue nothing else. The Book of Songs says: "Carving its texture is as precious as gold, and my king is diligent and diligent, which can be the discipline of all directions." That's the truth.
As for dressing according to color, eating according to taste, controlling things according to sex, and governing the world, this is not only to show arrogance, but also to unify the world, cope with all changes, use everything, raise everyone and benefit everyone in the world. Benevolent people are benevolent, no one can match! Therefore, the wisdom of the benevolent is enough to govern the world, the kindness of the benevolent is enough to appease the world, and the virtue of the benevolent is enough to educate the world. Those who gain benevolence can rule the world, and those who lose benevolence will be chaotic. The people really rely on the wisdom of the benevolent, so they work hard for the benevolent, so we must let the benevolent feel at ease to cultivate his wisdom; Really praise the kindness of the benevolent, so lay down one's life for the benevolent, defend him and save him, so as to cultivate the kindness of the benevolent; It really praises the virtue of benevolence, so it is carved for benevolence, provides gorgeous clothes protection and decoration for benevolence, and cultivates the virtue of benevolence. Therefore, the benevolent is in the upper position, and the people respect him as a god, love him as a parent, and are willing to risk their lives for him. If nothing else, they must be really beautiful, get really vast, and get really countless. The Book of Songs says: "We carry things, and we pull rickshaws; We are driving, and we are leading a cow; Our task has been completed, let's go home. " That's the truth.
Therefore, a gentleman depends on virtue, while a villain depends on strength. Strength is the servant of virtue. The strength of ordinary people depends on the virtue of a gentleman and then succeeds; The group of ordinary people rely on the virtue of gentlemen and then live in harmony; The property of ordinary people depends on the virtue of a gentleman and then accumulates; The momentum of ordinary people depends on the virtue of a gentleman, and then on Antai; The life span of ordinary people depends on the virtue of a gentleman. Father and son get close, brothers get peace, and men and women get joy. Young people grow up by gentlemen, while old people are supported by gentlemen. Therefore, "heaven and earth give birth to everything, and saints make everything perfect." That's the truth.
Today's world is not like this: increasing the accumulation of coins deprives people of their property, increasing land taxes deprives people of their food, and increasing taxes on checkpoints and markets makes it more difficult for people to do business. Not only that, but also accused of threatening and luring, waiting for opportunities to cheat, using power to overthrow and other means to disrupt the lives of ordinary people and ruin their affairs. The people know very well that their behavior is filthy, tyrannical and chaotic, and there will be great danger. So some lieutenants killed their superiors, and some subordinates killed their superiors. Betraying the town, betraying the festival, and not dying. There is no other reason, this is caused by the monarch himself. The Book of Songs says: "Those who have no words can't get an answer, and those who have no virtue can't get a reward." That's the truth.
Comment on Takamatsu Sun Xiang: "It is relevant to discuss the evidence of the former king."
Bao: "Four or five twists and turns, not bizarre but powerful, this pen is unique." (For the above two articles, see Xunzi Xie Twenty-nine Sub-products. )
Shen Pinjie Xunzi: "Nengpin. ..... the composition is very good. "
This article mainly talks about the truth of enriching the country and strengthening the people. Xunzi believes that the key to governing the country and protecting the people is to "distinguish between groups", and if there are points, there will be no chaos; The key to a rich country is to "save money and enrich the people" and "save money with courtesy and enrich the people with politics." Xunzi's political discourse always revolves around his so-called fundamentals and opposes the pursuit of goals.
This article is profound in meaning and friendly in writing, but it can go deep into the essence of the problem and understand the truth, revealing a vigorous momentum in a profound predicament.