It is recorded in many ancient books, such as The Pearl, The Origin of Everything, and A Textual Research on Ancient History. He thinks that many tools and appliances used by carpenters were created by him, such as square (also called Lu Banchi), and the legends of tools such as Mo Dou, planer, drill and saw were also invented by Lu Ban. The invention of these woodworking tools liberated the craftsmen at that time from the original heavy labor, and the labor efficiency was doubled, and the civil technology was completely new. Later, in memory of this famous master, people regarded him as the ancestor of China folk craftsmen.
(1) saw
Legend has it that the saw was also invented by Lu Ban. In fact, according to archaeologists, as early as the Neolithic Age, people living in China would process and use dental sickle and clam sickle. These are the rudiments of the saw. Hundreds of years before Lu Ban was born, in the Zhou Dynasty, copper saws were already used, and the word "saw" appeared.
Legend has it that once he went into a deep mountain to cut down a tree, he accidentally slipped, and his hand was cut by the leaves of a wild grass, oozing blood. He picked the leaves and touched them gently. It turns out that there are sharp teeth on both sides of the leaf. He gently stroked the back of his hand with these small teeth, and even cut a hole. His hand was cut by these small teeth, and Lu Ban was inspired by this incident. He thought, if there is such a toothed tool, wouldn't it be able to cut trees quickly! So, after many experiments, he finally invented a sharp saw, which greatly improved the work efficiency.
(2) Bending ruler
The earliest name of the music ruler was Moment, also called Lu Banchi. Legend has it that it was invented by Lu Ban.
"Mozi Tian Shang Zhi" said: "Wheelwrights stick to their own rules to make Fiona Fang famous in the world." Rules, namely compasses and straightedge. A ruler consists of a ruler handle and a ruler wing, which are perpendicular to each other at right angles. The handle of the ruler is one foot shorter, mainly for measuring. The length of the ruler wing is uncertain, and the longest is twice that of the ruler handle, which is mainly used for measuring right angles and balance lines. Woodworkers use rulers to measure right angles, planes, lengths and even balance lines.
(3) Mo Dou
Mo Dou is a tool used by carpenters to play with threads, which was invented by Lu Ban. This tool uses a bucket to store ink. One end of the thread passes through the ink hole for dyeing. At the end of the dyed string is a small wooden hook, which is called "Ban Mu" and was invented by Lu Ban's mother. The plank is usually about an inch above the ground. After fixing, the dyed rope will bounce to the ground, which is the standard of horizontal line and straight line in the construction site. Or you can fix the plank on a high place and hang it by Mo Dou. The dyed rope will bounce to the wall with the weight of Mo Dou, which is the straight line standard of the facade. After the stonemason, the master used a bucket line to determine the shape of the collected stones, and then knocked off the unnecessary parts with other tools to make stones such as squares and feldspar with the required shape.
Ancient weapons
Hooks and ladders are commonly used weapons in the late Spring and Autumn Period. Mo Wen records that Lu Ban changed the hook into a "strong hook" for ship warfare. Chu used this device to fight a water war with the Vietnamese army. Hook the boat when it retreats, and push it away when it passes. "Mozi's public loss" records that he changed the ladder into a ladder that can stand in the air to attack the city.
(1) ladder
Ladder is an ancient siege equipment, which is said to have been invented by Lu Ban. The following is the relevant record: Mozi Gong Bo records: "Gong Bo is the weapon of Chu to build a ladder, and will attack the Song Dynasty after its completion." "The Warring States Policy and the Public Transport Plate Set a Machine Seal for Chu" wrote that Mozi said, "Seeing the public is a ladder." "Huai Nan Zi" said: Lu Ban is defeated by the public, and the Chu people are also defeated. He is a wise man of the son of heaven and can be a ladder. Xu Shen's "Brief Training of Huainan Zibing" notes: "The ladder can stand on the cloud, so you can have a bird's eye view of the enemy city".
(2) Hook strength
"Hook strength" is also called "hook rejection" and "hook giant". It is a war tool used in ancient water warfare, which can hook or hinder enemy warships. Legend has it that it was invented by Lu Ban. The following are all kinds of relevant records. Mozi Luwen: "In the past, Chu people and Yue people fought in a boat on the river. Chu people advance downstream, retreat against the current, advance at the sight of advantages, and retreat at the sight of disadvantages. The Vietnamese advance against the current, retreat downstream, advance at the sight of advantages, and retreat at the sight of disadvantages, so the Vietnamese will be defeated by the Chu people. From southern Shandong to Chu, the loser began to be the weapon of boat war. As a preparation for a strong hook, those who retreat hook it, those who enter it are strong, and the length of the strong hook is measured. When building soldiers, the soldiers of Chu were disloyal and the Chu people were defeated. "
farm tool
The invention and adoption of advanced agricultural machinery is one of the important conditions for the development of ancient agriculture in China. Shiben said that Lu Ban made stones, and Wu Yuanqi Yuan said that he made hulling, grinding and milling machines, which were very advanced at that time. In addition, "Ancient History Examination" records that Lu Ban made a shovel.
heavy burden
According to historical records, the stone mill was also invented by Lu Ban. Legend has it that Luban used two hard round stones, each of which was chiseled into dense shallow grooves, which were put together and turned by human or animal power, and the rice flour was ground into powder. This is what we call polishing. Before this, people pounded grain in a stone mortar with a pestle, but the invention of grinding turned Chu Jiu's up-and-down movement into a rotating movement, which made Chu Jiu's intermittent work into a continuous work, greatly reducing the labor intensity and improving the production efficiency. This is a great progress of ancient grain processing tools. The real situation of Luban's invention of the mill can't be verified, but according to archaeological excavations, there was Chu Jiu in Longshan culture period (about 4000 years ago), so it is possible that Luban invented the mill.
Among the emperors of past dynasties, Zhu Youxiao was a very distinctive emperor. He is very clever and has a keen interest in making wood products. He has to personally operate woodworking such as knife and axe cutting and painter painting. His hand-made lacquerware, bed, comb box, etc. , all decorated in colorful, exquisite and unexpected.
According to historical records, the beds made by craftsmen during the apocalypse of the Ming Dynasty were extremely heavy.
Mingxizong Manual Wu Zhi
It takes more than a dozen people to move it, with a lot of materials and a common style. Zhu Youxiao figured it out by himself, designed the pattern by himself, sawed the wooden nail board by himself, and made a bed in more than a year. The bed board can be folded, which is very convenient to carry and move. There are various patterns carved on the bed frame, which is beautiful and generous. It is said that all the wooden utensils, pavilions and pavilions he has seen can be made. He took pains to do carpentry such as knife cutting, axe chisel, painter wiping paint, and even forgot to eat and sleep.
Zhu Youxiao's own entertainment tools are also quite exquisite. He filled a vat with water, covered it with watercolors, drilled holes under the vat, and formed a water jet at the bottom of the vat. Then he put a lot of small wooden balls in the water spout, switched the infusion, and the water beat the wooden balls, and the wooden balls circled for a long time. Zhu Youxiao and his concubines watched and cheered together. Once he makes a garden, birds can walk in it, birds can sing and water can flow.
Zhu Youxiao likes building houses, and he likes to be clever. Often after the house is built, he dances with joy and appreciates it again and again. When he is happy, he will immediately destroy them and make new samples, and he will never get tired of them. Wu Baoya wrote in Kuangyuan magazine that Zhu Youxiao personally built a small palace in the courtyard, which looked like a dry and clean palace, but it was not more than three or four feet high, but it was exquisite, small and exquisite, and wonderful. He also made an agarwood rockery, the Chitai Pavilion, which was exquisitely carved and was a must at that time. Zhu Youxiao likes playing ball and often plays ball with eunuchs in Changle Palace. Zhu Youxiao felt that just playing was not enough, so he personally designed and built five kicking gardens.
Zhu Youxiao's passion for architecture is also reflected in his concern for royal architectural projects. From the fifth year of the Apocalypse (1625) to the seventh year of the Apocalypse (1627), the Imperial Palace, Zhongji Palace and Jianji Palace were rebuilt on a large scale in the Ming Dynasty. From the erection of column beams to the insertion of swords, Zhu Youxiao visited the site for the whole project.
Zhu Youxiao likes to watch puppet shows. At that time, the disciples of Liyuan carved overseas images of Siyi, Mr. Man Shan and general foot soldiers with Bashamu. When Zhu Youxiao was in high spirits, he also showed his skills. The wooden figure paintings he made are different for men and women, about two feet high, with arms, no legs and no feet, all painted with five-color paint, and each Xiao Mu figure painting is supported by bamboo boards more than three feet long. In addition, there is a square wooden pond with a length of 10 foot and a width of 10 foot, which is filled with water for seven minutes. There are live fish, crabs, shrimps, algae and other seafood in the water to make it float on the water. Then a small wooden pool is set up with a stool, surrounded by gauze, and the bamboo board moves and rotates under the net, forming the stage of the water couple. Behind the screen, an artist floats Woodenhead on the water with bamboo pieces according to the plot, and Yuto plays drums. At that time, there were many plays in the palace, such as stealing peaches, eunuchs going to the western seas, crossing the sea by the Eight Immortals, and Monkey disturbing the Dragon Palace. They are all novel in clothes and clever in acting.