Wang Meng is an outstanding writer in China's literary world in the new period. He always stands at the forefront of the trend of the times, and his works are full of vitality and freshness, giving readers rich artistic enjoyment. The study of Wang Meng has become an important topic for literary critics and historians. As far as his novels are concerned, he is very good at using the unique techniques of irony and humor to skillfully reflect the world's Vientiane and life. This article is willing to have a little taste and talk about some immature views in combination with this topic.
Judging from the content of social life, Wang Meng's humorous story can be divided into three categories: one is to satirize the absurd world of the Cultural Revolution; The second is to show all kinds of absurd social dramas that the legacy of the "Cultural Revolution" continues in the new period; Thirdly, it reveals the historical style of some scholars on the present situation of the strange corner of the literary world. G0cPU^s
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First, absorb the absurd appearance of the "Cultural Revolution".
Meng's response to the "Cultural Revolution" started from his own special angle. First of all, he did not reflect on the Cultural Revolution in isolation, but often started from the "turning point" of life from the Cultural Revolution to the new period, condensed the historical evolution track in the fate of an intellectual cadre who experienced ups and downs, and made a big leap and overall reflection on history. The reflection, excavation and meditation on the "Cultural Revolution" are also integrated into such a whole historical reflection. This is true from Buli, Butterfly and Miscellaneous Color to The Legend of Liang Youzhi, a famous doctor. Secondly, in his works reflecting the social stage of the Cultural Revolution, they are rarely reflected from the perspective of tragedy, but mostly from the perspective of comedy and farce in humorous story. The subtitle of the novel "Anecdotes of Director Mohammed" is "Black Humor of Uighurs", and the anecdotes recorded are indeed black with the strange shadow of the "Cultural Revolution". There is blood on the face of the teenager who was beaten, and there are also mental patients imprisoned in the cowshed, all of which can be used as tragic materials. However, Muhammad, the director of the Ministry, played it with a game attitude and mocked it. He is happy when his tears run out, and he has the ability to stay on his face, so that all kinds of black worlds are covered with humorous new clothes. The author describes the director Muhammad and his twin brother Cui Xiji, the director of Sametime, and shows his outstanding realistic skills in an exaggerated way:
What you can read with the last novel is next to the white pepper chicken. This is a story of a secretary's struggle. He actually asked for leave from the teenagers and went to the restaurant to have a good meal during the struggle. The matter itself, as well as his manner and voice, is naturally quite humorous. But the author described all this in a simple and clear way. The sense of humor of an optimistic secretary is "calm, melancholy and strong". This seems to be closer to the writer's humorous theme, so that humor can deeply reveal the power of life.
The above articles about humorous stories in the "Cultural Revolution" seem to be permeated with Wang Meng's advice of cherishing life. Perhaps he heard and witnessed too many suicides during the Cultural Revolution and was saddened by the heavy loss of life (especially many high-quality lives). So he issued a call to cherish life to people. Humor is always the best way to keep alive when there are many dangers. Wang Meng's unique insight and mind show humanitarian love and optimistic will in adversity.
Most of Wang Meng's humorous stories pay attention to the absorption of typical world, but not to the shaping of typical characters. This is probably what is needed to maintain the pure "art of laughter" effect. Bergson once said: "too deep into personality, combining external effects with too deep-rooted internal reasons will damage the ridiculousness of external effects and eventually make the ridiculousness disappear." "But" Grey Eyes "and" The Timely Good Man "are not entirely humorous works, but the tragedies of two people who have been depressed by writers for a long time. The more you read it later, the deeper you go into the soul chambers of these two characters, and the heavier you feel. Why can't Mark's dream about his craft come true? Why can't Yima's outstanding energy and talent be brought into play in a way beneficial to society? Why are their endings so dark? The richness and complexity of the characters themselves force us to stop at the level of humor. Here, humor, as an artistic means, does not exist alone, but is integrated with other artistic means, especially sadness. )
Second, an "absurd game" with the legacy of the "Cultural Revolution".
Generally speaking, in this kind of novels, Wang Meng's humorous story thought and art achievements are the highest. Inspired by the real life in the new period, Wang Meng bought and photographed typical social situations with extremely keen observation. In these extremely exaggerated and extremely real works, there is abundant talent for farming, the shining thinking power of the writer's soul, and strange things happen, which can be said to have entered the freedom of humorous creation.
The Lobbyist is the first masterpiece of Wang Meng and humorous story. After reading this fantastic work, you have to admit that Wang Meng has a unique sense of humor. Ding Yi took office as a paste factory and caught the typical example of Ding Gong, the first relative of the county party committee, which attracted lobbyists and led to spontaneous psychological warfare. Finally, it was boycotted by Ding Yi, so the paste factory was rectified. This is a common thing in life, and people have paid little attention to it, but Wang Meng has a unique eye. Because of the incident, he sketched all kinds of lobbyists strangely and accurately, recorded their rhetoric, concentrated his pen, and described the spontaneous psychological war incisively and vividly. "Statistical mathematics" is almost absurd; However, through the gathering and strengthening of art, it has reached a high degree of truth-a high degree of truth in describing the world and human feelings, and received what Yu Dafu said, "It will make the opponent fall to the ground and break his face." Sad people must stop crying and smile. "The artistic effect. This is also a typical artistic power that makes people laugh and makes me think deeply in laughter. Because, what is deeply hidden in the rhetoric of lobbyists is a kind of power worship that expanded and spread during the Cultural Revolution-from Liu's "smiling diplomacy" to Director Zhou's "straight to the point" warning, from "big people have everything when they have power, and small people can have everything when they have relationships". This has developed into a universal social psychology. rwYR_B
Winter Talk is also a wonderful system in Wang Meng's humorous mini-department. The writer's humorous ability has been brought into full play. The front of satirizing society is also hidden deeper. In the "unwarranted" topic, Wang Meng's perspective is the psychological tradition that our nation has had since ancient times, which is particularly harmful today after the spread of the "Cultural Revolution". Common sense with relish, intrigue between people, I really don't know what kind of tradition this is. This unprincipled and selfish friction struggle does exist and there are too many.
Three sections of neo-Confucian external history depicting literati's mentality
Wang Meng, who has been studying literature for a long time, is naturally familiar with the mentality of literati. Once satirized, it not only looks pitiful, but also often makes sick Huo Ran sweat.
The most successful work of this kind is Huang Yang's Death of Roots. After sixteen years as a cashier, Ma Wenbi became famous with a short film "Spring Rain" and began to be alienated by his success. He began to get rid of the "vulgar" real life, arty, locked in a narrow world to pursue distorted truth, goodness and beauty, alienated old friends and annoyed his wife. The roots of boxwood bought by 350 yuan also withered and died. And his new work, depicting the loneliness of boxwood roots, has also been euphemistically criticized. Finally, when he threw the boxwood root into the garbage passage, he began to think about whether to go to the mountains.
"It is said that there are many boxwood, willow and wild fruit in the mountains. He felt that he really should change his lifestyle and way of thinking. If this continues, life will not be as good as it was then. "
Such irony can be said to be euphemistic, revealing eager expectations. The main idea here is not profound and simple, but it is easy to be ignored by recent writers. I read this short story as "Bitter and bittersweet" by Wang Meng, which shows the root of this outstanding writer's literary concept, and it has influenced a generation of literary youth with renovation and strangeness. If you don't understand this, you can't understand Wang Meng. Standard horsepower
Based on a brief introduction of Wang Meng and humorous story, this paper discusses three characteristics of Wang Meng's novels.
First of all, these materials are strongly political.
Wang Meng is a writer who is good at writing political themes, which is particularly strong in his humorous story. Without considering the details, I think Wang Meng's humorous story can naturally be regarded as a political humorous story. Wang Meng has a unique and profound understanding of the political history of New China and the ever-changing political ideology in real life. After 1957, various absurd phenomena in China's politics under the influence of ultra-left ideological trend provided rich materials for Wang Meng's humorous story, and also made Wang Meng have the impulse to create political humorous stories.
Wang Meng's humor has a serious purpose of saving the world. When talking about humor in modern prose, Yu Dafu said: "It is very gratifying to add a little humor to China's modern prose, which can make the prose get rid of stagnation and give readers a chance to vent. But this kind of humor should be destructive and constructive, and give it the power to control society, so that there is hope in the future; Otherwise, it is empty and aimless, like a clown on the stage. If the audience laughs and feels bored, it is a dead end. " Wang Meng's humor, starting with politics, the fundamental factor affecting society, is full of humor of "destruction and construction" and "hope for the future"
Second, qM's transcendence attitude towards aesthetic reality.
Political themes, in the works of ordinary writers, tend to appear dull and rigid. And Wang Meng always controls it freely, generates it, and writes it lightly and with charm. Especially his political humorous stories, the more serious the connotation, the more effortless and chic the artistic treatment. The secret of forming this kind of high-intensity artistic means lies in that the screenwriter can adopt an aesthetic detached attitude towards reality, not stagnate or bend inward, because things are amazing and strange. When a writer stands tall and looks far, he has the courage to boldly transform reality and enter the wonderful realm of artistic imagination. I think, in the political humorous story, Wang Meng's artistry has been fully exerted. Isn't it intriguing to deal with the most politicized theme in the most artistic way?
Third, the magnificent crystallization of life wisdom and political wisdom |\HV:
Humorous story of Wang Meng is full of wisdom. He attaches great importance to the inner wisdom of literature and regards it as an important factor of the inner beauty of art. He said: "In literature, wisdom often appears as a form of beauty. A true wise man is beautiful, because he sees everything deeper than others, and he has outstanding insight into life and people. Such a wise man also has a bearing, that is, he can look at all kinds of images and entanglements in the life world from a higher angle. In the column of wisdom, I like to put humor in it. " In Wang Meng's view, humor is an intellectual superiority. Without wisdom, there is no way to find the desolation in life; Without wisdom, it is impossible to achieve aesthetic transcendence of reality. This kind of wisdom is not a complete theoretical and philosophical system, but a piece of grass cultivated by the infiltration of living life and a fleeting spark produced by the collision of flints. Reading Wang Meng's humorous stories often makes people feel an intellectual pleasure. In this steep and fantastic art world, wit is almost everywhere, and you have to concentrate on tracking his thoughts. In the maze of novels created by him, sometimes you will find it difficult to grasp, but as long as you persist in a persistent spirit of seeking knowledge, you will certainly overcome the difficulties in reading and get the greatest ideological pleasure.
Looking at Wang Meng's humorous story, I think they are not only wonderful works of contemporary literature in China, but also unique in world literature. In particular, it has high hopes for human beings while mocking human weaknesses. Laugh at foreign things, laugh at yourself soberly, emphasize the superiority of wisdom at the same time, and give up showing off wisdom. Particularly valuable. These works reveal positive vitality and optimism, which are precious and worthy of being the artistic achievements of the ancient wisdom of the Chinese nation after baptism and experience, welcoming the new era of openness and enterprising.