Wei, deputy director of Qingdao Archives Bureau and an expert in literature and history, explained to reporters the whole process of proofreading and engraving these three ancient books in Yangzhou after carefully studying the Archives of King James.
Why is Yangzhou Poetry Bureau located in Tianning Temple?
In the forty-fourth year of Kangxi (1705), Jiangning Weaving and General Political Department was the general political envoy, and Cao Yin, inspector of salt affairs of Huaihe River, set up a large-scale editing and publishing agency in Yangzhou, and ordered him to proofread and engrave all Tang poems. Yangzhou Poetry Bureau is located in Tianning Temple in Yangzhou.
On March 19th, the forty-fourth year of Kangxi, The Complete Poems of Tang Dynasty was published, and Jiangning was ordered to compile the Cao Yin School Magazine, which enabled the establishment of nine schools, including Hanlin Patten. "After Cao Yin gave the order, he actively began preparations. From that year to the following year, many contents of Cao Yin's memorial were related to the publication and engraving of The Whole Tang Poetry.
According to historical records, the Yangzhou Poetry Bureau was set up in Tianning Temple because there was a salt patrol office in Tianning Temple, which belonged to the property of Huai River and Huai River, and Kong lived in the East Gallery of Tianning Temple more than 10 years ago. In this way, it is not necessary to go out and find another house, but also convenient for management, which is conducive to improving the quality of the school magazine "Full Tang Poetry" and speeding up the speed of the school magazine "Full Tang Poetry".
When can the complete Tang poetry be carved?
The opening time of Complete Tang Poetry has always been controversial, and the decryption of Yangzhou Imperial History Archives in Qing Palace has solved this historical mystery.
According to Selected Archives of Yangzhou Imperial History in Qing Palace, in the forty-fourth year of Cao Yin (1705), on the first day of May, there was a saying: "Meng Gong wrote a letter, carved a collection of Tang poems, and ordered nine people, including Patten, a ci minister. Chen Yin has already written, and it is scheduled to start in Tianning Temple on the first day of May ... "It can be seen that Tianning Temple started the publishing and engraving work of the whole Tang poetry bookstore on the first day of May, but the school magazine work was not fully carried out.
In addition, we can also see from other files that editors and proofreaders are in place one after another. On October 22nd, forty-four years of Kangxi, Cao Yin wished: "The school magazine is full of Tang poems, which have now been engraved. First, I will present it with Gao, Cen, Wang and Yin. The thickness of its paper is high or low, so I can know what to do. " Emperor Kangxi Zhu Pi: "I know. The sample has been sent back. "
Since then, the large-scale publication of Complete Tang Poetry has begun. Yangzhou Poetry Bureau entered the peak of publishing and engraving books, actually after October of the forty-fourth year of Kangxi.
When will The Whole Tang Poetry be published?
In the following year, Cao Yin invited Kangxi for many times and asked for instructions on publishing and engraving. On February 28th, forty-five years of Kangxi (1706), the throne said, "We should also revise the Tang poetry at the request of the Hanlin official of the Poetry Bureau, and it can be finished this year." On the first day of July, the memorial made: "According to the instructions, the school published the complete works of Tang poetry, and now there are only more than 500 pages left, which can be engraved around this month. After proofreading the typos in August, you can submit the whole book. * * * There are twelve sets in all, and six sets have been proofread, except for the two in the spring. I would like to bind them into a book, submit them to the imperial examination, pray for the mistakes of the hadith, instruct the ministers, and so on. , so that publishing can be corrected and become a book of a generation. " Emperor Kangxi Zhu Pi: "Engraving books is very good. I will send it after reading the preface carefully. " At this point, the proofreading and engraving of the whole Tang poetry came to an end.
On September 15th, the 45th year of Kangxi, he made a wish: "There are 90 complete poems of Tang poetry today, which are presented to the court audience. Everything else is engraved, and when it is finished within one month, it will be printed, presented and put together. " "Entering the Tang Poetry Table" said: "It was written on the first day of October in the forty-fifth year of Kangxi. I would like to decorate it and dedicate it to the saints. "
In the forty-sixth year of Kangxi (1707), on April 16th (17 May), Kangxi's Preface to Imperial Tang Poetry was published, and the book was prefaced. All the Tang poems were published.
What is the printing speed and quality?
This 900-volume version of the whole Tang poetry is 98 14 pages. Except for previous attempts, it averages more than 1000 pages per month, which is quite fast in the era of block printing.
It can also be seen from the memorial that the whole Tang poetry attaches great importance to the quality of writing and engraving.
When Cao Yin played Kangxi, he said: "It is very rare for a minister to write seriously, and it is very rare to choose a similar one, so that he can get married and write again, so it is too late and may not be finished in a year." At that time, the fashion of fine carving with soft characters was popular. In July of the forty-fourth year of Kangxi, Cao Yin specially convened scholars to train famous writers to write and engrave the whole Tang poetry. The fonts of the whole Tang poetry draw lessons from the styles of Europe and Zhao Ti, which are beautiful and elegant. The fonts before and after 900 volumes are almost the same, because of its unique font style, exquisite printing and rigorous collation, which laid the foundation for it to become a model in the history of seal cutting in Qing Dynasty.
When and why did Cao Yin die?
In order to better show his literary talent, Michelle Ye ordered Jiangning to weave Cao Yin, Suzhou to weave Xu Li and Hangzhou to weave Sun Wencheng. In March of the fifty-first year of Kangxi, he carved "Pei Fu" in Yangzhou. The reason why the place of publication and engraving was set in Yangzhou was probably related to Cao Yin's engraving of the whole Tang poetry in Yangzhou, which made Kangxi very satisfied.
In the fifty-first year of Kangxi in Cao Yin (17 12), on the third day of April (May 7), the throne said: "Pei Yunwen's prose was engraved on March 17 (April 22)." This memorial clearly shows the exact date of the opening of Peiyun House in Yangzhou.
As for the date of publication, we can find the answer from archival books. According to Selected Archives of Qing Palace in Yangzhou, Xu Li said in a compromise that "Pei Fu was published in Yangzhou as a gift": "Pei Fu was published by Sun Wencheng in Yangzhou and has been completed. We want to order 10 four paper brushes, 10 music paper brushes and 20 boxes of * * *. Please submit samples. Even four pieces of paper should be brushed into cadres, and music paper should also be brushed into cadres. "
The memorial also shows that the engraving task of Pei Fu was undertaken by Cao, Li and Sun, and the publishing house presided over the engraving of the first periodical, but he died soon. On July 18th, the fifty-first year of Kangxi (17 12), Xu Li said: "Jiangning Weaving Cao Yin came to Yangzhou Bookstore from Jiangning on June 16th (19 July) to take care of the engraving. On the first day of July, she felt cold and fell ill for several days, and turned to malnutrition. On July 23rd, it was broadcast again: "Cao Yin felt cold on the first day of July (August 2nd), turned into a disease, and died on July 23rd (August 24th). "
Cao Yin didn't take charge of the work until Pei Yunwen Fu was finished. After Cao Yin's death, Xu Li presided over the publishing and carving work until it was completed.
In fact, by the tenth day of September in the fifty-second year of Kangxi (17 13), the whole book had been engraved. Kangxi read the sample book and said, "This book is beautifully carved." At this point, the printing and engraving work of Pei Fu has all ended.
Pei Fu was compiled in Beijing in December of the 43rd year of Kangxi (1704), engraved in March of the 51st year of Kangxi, and completed in September of the 52nd year of Kangxi (17 13), which lasted nearly ten years.
Why is Tang Wen called "Yangzhou Official Edition"?
Eighty years after the publication of The Complete Poems of Tang Dynasty by Yangzhou Poetry Bureau, Emperor Jiaqing ordered Akdang 'a, the supervisor of Huai River and Huai Salt, to publish the Complete Poems of Tang Dynasty and other ancient books in Yangzhou.
Compared with the whole Tang poetry, the whole Tang poetry has devoted more energy to its compilation. Famous poets Fashishan, Zhou and Qin Enfu, as well as famous scholars Ruan Yuan, Hu Chengyuan and other nearly 100 people participated in the compilation. After the book was compiled, it was awarded to Yangzhou, edited by Akdang 'a, Governor of Huai 'an Salt Administration, and engraved in the 24th year of Jiaqing (18 19), and later called "Yangzhou Official Edition".
Looking through the Selected Archives of Yangzhou Imperial History in Qing Palace, we can find three memorials about the whole Tang Dynasty, among which "playing the whole Tang Dynasty for the school magazine, with orders, rewards and thanks" is 10% off, which not only lets us know that Jiaqing Emperor is very satisfied with the published whole Tang Dynasty, but also knows another thing: Akdang A and Su Leng participated in the publication of the whole Tang Dynasty.