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2. Overview Herring is the only species of Herring, also known as black pomfret. The body is slightly cylindrical, large, with a round and wide top, a slightly flat head and a flat tail; The mouth is curved. The upper jaw is slightly longer than the lower jaw; No need; 1 row of hypopharyngeal teeth, molar-shaped, smooth chewing surface; Lateral arc, complete; Medium scale; The fins are complete and typical, the back and upper half of both sides are bluish black, the abdomen is grayish white, and all fins are grayish black. It is a unique fish in China's Yellow River, Yangtze River, Pearl River, Heilongjiang and other plains.
The snakehead is thick and tender in meat, delicious in taste, rich in fat, with large but few thorns, and is the top grade of freshwater fish.
Black herring usually lives in the middle and lower layers of water, and generally lives in large water bodies with many snails at the bottom. Snails and bivalve mollusks are the main foods, and shrimp and aquatic insects are also frequently eaten. Fast growth, 2 ~ 3 winter fish can generally reach 3 ~ 5 kg. Up to 70 kilograms. In East China, most of them are sexually mature at the age of 4-5. From April to July every year, they lay eggs and breed in places with high velocity in the main stream of rivers. The number of pregnant eggs is at least 260,000 and at most 6.95 million. The egg is semi-sunk, absorbs water and expands after fertilization, and develops with the water flow. After breeding, it is often concentrated in river bends, lakes along rivers and attached water bodies, and overwinters in the deep water of river beds in winter.
Black herring is also one of the four largest freshwater fish in China.
Black herring is mainly produced in the Yangtze River valley, but it can also be cultured artificially. However, due to the limitation of the source of fish food, it is rarely raised in the north. Black herring is produced all year round, but it has the most output and the best quality in autumn.
The other names of herring are black pomfret, snail green, green root fish, black herring, black ray, green stick and steel green.
Four skills of herring: about 100g per meal.
The nutritional value of herring is 1. Besides protein and fat, herring is also rich in trace elements such as selenium and iodine, so it has anti-aging and anti-cancer effects.
2. Fish is rich in nucleic acids necessary for human cells. Nucleic acid food can delay aging and help treat diseases.
6 herring processing and fish cutting methods:
1, the fish is thin, the fiber is short, and it is easily broken. When cutting fish, the skin of the fish should be facing down, and the blade should be inclined, preferably along the fishbone, so as to cut it more cleanly;
There is a layer of mucus on the skin of fish, which is slippery and difficult to cut. If you put your hands in salt water for a while when cutting fish, you won't slip when cutting.
Herring and grass carp are very similar in shape, and the main differences between them are as follows:
1, the body color is different: the back and upper half of herring are dark black, the abdomen is bluish gray, and all fins are grayish black; Grass carp is yellow-brown, its abdomen is gray, its pectoral fins and ventral fins are gray-yellow, and other fins are lighter in color.
2, the mouth shape is different: the mouth of herring is sharp, and the mouth of grass carp is round.
Cleverly remove fishy smell;
1. After cleaning the fish, put some yellow wine in the basin to remove the fishy smell of local fish and make the fish delicious;
2, fresh fish cut open and washed, soaked in milk for a while can not only remove the fishy smell, but also increase the umami taste;
3. Chew three or five pieces of tea when the fish tastes in your mouth, and you will feel fresh immediately.
Herring is suitable for the general population.
1. Suitable for people with edema, hepatitis, nephritis and beriberi. Suitable for people with spleen and stomach weakness, qi and blood deficiency and malnutrition; Suitable for people with hyperlipidemia, hypercholesterolemia and arteriosclerosis.
2. People with spleen and stomach deficiency and heat should not eat, and those with pruritic dermatosis, internal heat, urticaria and tinea should not eat.
8 the therapeutic effect of herring herring is flat and sweet, and belongs to the spleen and stomach;
Has the effects of invigorating qi, tonifying deficiency, invigorating spleen, nourishing stomach, eliminating dampness, expelling pathogenic wind, promoting diuresis, and preventing pregnancy edema.
9 Eat with herring, and herring should avoid eating with plums; Black herring should not be fried with beef or sheep oil; Do not eat with Schizonepeta, Atractylodes macrocephala and Atractylodes lancea.
Suggestions on eating herring 10 1. Herring can be braised, dry-roasted, stewed, sweet and sour or smoked, or processed into strips, slices and blocks to make various dishes.
2. Tips for cleaning herring: Hold the knife in your right hand, hold the fish head in your left hand, scrape the fish scales from beginning to end with a knife, then dig out the gills with your right thumb and forefinger, cut the belly from the mouth of herring to the navel with scissors, dig out the internal organs, rinse it with clear water, scrape off the black film on the abdomen with a knife, and then rinse it off.
1 1 National Collection of Chinese Herbal Medicine: Herring 1 1. 1 Pinyin name Q: nɡ yú
1 1.2 herring aliases: bronze blue, mackerel, black mackerel, green stick, snakehead and snail green.
1 1.3 from Mylopharyngodon piceus (rich. ), a carp of CYPRINIDAE, whose gallbladder is used as medicine.
1 1.4 Habitat is distributed in the plain south of the Yangtze River, and less in North China.
1 1.5 bitter cold.
The function of 1 1.6 is mainly used to treat redness, swelling and pain, laryngitis and tonsillitis, and to eliminate malignant sores and baldness.
1 1.7 usage and dosage of herring: 0.5 ~ 1 yuan, decocted in water or externally applied.
1 1.8 The attached prescription is used to treat conjunctival congestion, swelling, pain and trachoma: taking herring gall, borax, borneol and coptis root as the end, and applying eye drops.
1 1.9 from the National Compilation of Chinese Herbal Medicine.
12 Chinese materia medica: herring 12. 1 originated from Notes on Materia Medica.
Life Taste Diet Spectrum: Herring is brewed with salt, as the saying goes. Only herring is the most beautiful, which can nourish the stomach, strengthen the spleen and warm up food. However, all patients can get scabies and catch cold after drinking alcohol, which is a big taboo for all patients.
12.2 Pinyin names Q and N ɡ y ú
12.3 English name herring
12.4 herring aliases are mackerel, Qing Wu, mullet, snail green, herring, mullet, green stick and bronze green.
12.5 source: carp meat.
Latin plant and animal mineral name: Myloparyngodon piceus (Richardson)
Harvesting and storage: It can be fished all year round. After fishing, remove fins and internal organs, wash them and use them fresh.
12.6 The prototype of black herring is slightly cylindrical at the front end, gradually flattened backward, with a round abdomen and no abdominal muscles. The top of the head is wide and flat. The kiss is blunt and sharp, the mouth is in the terminal position, curved, and the jaw is slightly shorter. Hypopharyngeal teeth 1 row, molar-shaped, smooth tooth surface. Round scales with complete lateral lines, lateral line scales 3946. Dorsal fins 3, 78, spineless, starting point opposite to ventral fin. Hip fins 3, 89, no hard spines. The pectoral fin is in a lower lateral position, not reaching the ventral fin. The starting point of the ventral fin is below the fin of the second branch of the dorsal fin, and the end is less than * * *. The caudal fin is deeply forked and the upper and lower leaves are about the same length. The back and upper part of the body are blue-black, the abdomen is gray, and all the fins are black-gray.
12.7 habitat distribution ecological environment: it belongs to the middle and lower reaches of freshwater fish, inhabiting rivers and harbors, lakes along the river and attached water bodies, and mainly feeding on mollusks, shrimps and insect larvae.
Distribution of resources: Widely distributed in the Yangtze River basin, up to Jinsha River, down to the estuary and the plain area south of the Yangtze River, with few in North China.
12.8 culture is one of the cultured fish in China.
12.9 chemical composition contains 75g water, 100g protein, 5.2g fat,1g; Ash; Calcium 25 mg, phosphorus 17 1 mg, iron 0.8 mg, thiamine 0. 13 mg, riboflavin 0. 12 mg, nicotinic acid 1.7 mg.
12. 10 is sweet; gender equality
12. 1 1 meridian-entering the liver meridian
12. 12 function is mainly used for eliminating dampness and arthralgia; Supplementing qi and harmonizing middle energizer. Treat beriberi and dampness; Weak waist and feet; Stomach pain; dysentery
Usage and dosage of herring 12. 13 for oral use: cooking, 100200g.
12. 14 Concern 1. Rihuazi: "You can't eat it with sunflower and garlic." 2. "Compendium of Medicinal Properties": "Those who take medicine should avoid it. Coriander beans and Huo can't eat together. " 3. "Seeking Materia Medica": "Avoid soy sauce."
12. 15 Various expositions 1. Cui Yuxi's "Food Classics": Treating blood and benefiting qi, nourishing middle energizer and calming kidney qi.
2. "Dietotherapy Materia Medica": Cooked with leeks, treating beriberi and weak feet, being bored and benefiting the heart.
3. "Rihuazi Herbal Medicine": Yiqi Li.
4. "Kaibao Materia Medica": the main athlete's foot is wet.
5. "southern Yunnan materia medica": harmony, nourishing the liver and improving eyesight.
6. Outline of medical forest: nourishing yin and calming the liver, benefiting water, stopping malaria and treating dysentery.
7. "Life Taste Diet Spectrum": benefiting qi and nourishing stomach, eliminating annoyance, eliminating dampness and expelling wind.
12. 16 from Chinese materia medica
Yú d, a prescription of herring gall, is used. Nāng, Shenfang, Volume 57: Prescription Name: Herring Gallbladder Prescription Composition: Herring Gallbladder. Indications: black eyes. Usage and dosage: Drop in eye drops. ...
A little musk in Sanhuang Pill. Indications: sore throat. Usage and dosage: 35 capsules each time, relieving sore throat and promoting fluid production. Method: the upper part is the end, and the herring bile is a pill, such as mung bean. ...
Herring Powder Pinyin: qοONG Yusγn "Selected Works" Volume II: Party Name: Herring Powder Composition: Danfan 2 yuan, Alum 2 yuan, Borneolum 5 points, Male sperm 1.5 yuan. ...
Longlin Pills: lónglínán Square: Qingzhou white ball powder 1 2, Daqing fish scales (brown glutinous rice, ground into powder) 1 2. Method: Mix well with ginger juice. ...
Pingpi powder 1 yuan, frankincense 1 yuan, indigo 8 yuan, bluestone (calcined) 1 yuan, and herring gall 2 yuan (dried in the shade). Indications: chancre. The preparation method comprises the following steps: ...
There are many prescriptions for herring.
Chinese patent medicine Babao eye drops Borneolum 4.5g coral 1.5g agate 1.5g bear gall 1.8g herring gall 2 processed calamine 15g cuttlebone 2. 1g coptis 6 g water chestnut powder 7. ...
Ten Baibao pills, half a piece of borneol, four human nails (baked well on Yin and Yang tiles), four borax, five herring gall (or three burnt olives), five calcined human white and five amber. ...
Eight-treasure and five-gall medicine, Mudan Wuxiong gall 10g snake gall 1 0g pig gall15g Chuanxiong gall 100g herring gall10g lotus root slice 150g safflower 70g Cirsium japonicum 150g Cirsium japonicum. ...
Huangshu powder Huangshu powder: square name: Huang Zhu powder ingredients: pearl 1, rhinoceros yellow 1, herring gall 1 (true, dried in the shade), borneol 1, musk 1. therapy ...
Green robe powder "The Secret of Laryngology" Volume 1: Square name: Green robe powder ingredients: thick phellodendron bark 2 Liang, herring gall 1 Liang (the phellodendron bark is baked on the fire, coated with fish gall, and then baked and coated, ...
More Chinese patent medicines are used for herring.
The herring "Gui Yan Lu" in ancient books: a unique volume. If the result is true, then both brown and white and brown and black are true. There is another cloud: the rattan river produces herring gall, and the seller mixes it with Huangteng ointment, and Huangteng can also remove blood. Yu guoteng ...
"Feng's Secret": [Medicinal indications for miscellaneous diseases and acne rash] Fish is not suitable for people with fetal diseases and spleen and stomach weakness. It's slippery because of its air conditioning. Black herring is as blue as wood, and the wood gas passes through the liver and the liver opens its eyes, so it can cure dark circles. ...
The new version of the prescription: [Volume 17 Throat] All symptoms of sore throat and toxic throat can be cured by blowing, which has been proved to be effective again and again. One yuan for herring gall, one yuan for cucumber paste and one cent for plum blossom and borneol, and grind them into fine powder for later use. ...
Syndrome Materia Medica: [Volume 21] Black herring is sweet, flat and non-toxic. Meat dominates Hong Kong's wet feet. Instead of serving a stone man. Eyes can see at night. headrest ...
New version of the prescription: [Appendix: The Secret Book of Throat] Wu's Dan prescription