After the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms, although the successors of the two countries were all romantic talents (Li Yu after the Southern Tang Dynasty and Meng Changjun after the Shu Kingdom), the popularity of Shu was very different from that of the Southern Tang Dynasty at the same time. Many people know about Houshu, often because of Mrs. Huarui. After Shu was destroyed by the Northern Song Dynasty, Meng Changjun took his wife Huarui north to the capital of song dynasty. Zhao Kuangyin has long heard of Mrs. Hua Rui's beauty. On the seventh day of Meng Chang, he killed Meng Chang with a glass of poisoned wine and took Mrs. Huarui with him. In addition, Su Shi, a great poet in the Northern Song Dynasty, wrote a poem about Mrs. Hua Rui. The first few words are very famous: jade bone ice muscles, cool and sweat-free. ...
However, if we want to talk about the post-Shu, we have to talk about the former Shu.
At the end of the Tang Dynasty, the world was in chaos. A donkey thief named Wang Jian took part in Tang Jun and made many contributions. When Tang Xizong Li Xian returned to Chang 'an from Chengdu, he encountered difficulties in his journey. Wang Jianyi Road helped Nuozong to take risks, and Nuozong was moved to tears. Since then, Wang Jian's career has flourished and he has served as the secretariat of Lizhou (Guangyuan, Sichuan). Since 888 AD, Wang Jian swept across Sichuan and took control of the Sichuan Basin. In 907, Wang Jian proclaimed himself emperor. In 925 AD, the emperor Qian Shu was Wang Yan, the youngest son of Wang Jian.
Li, the king of Jin who occupied Shanxi, Hebei, Shandong and Henan, wiped out the dynasty that occupied the Central Plains in the south, bordering Hanzhong and Fengxiang (near Baoji, Shaanxi) in the northern part of the former Shu. Li decided to attack Shu, and Guo Chongtao was a pillar minister in the later Tang Dynasty. When Guo Chongtao was on the Western Expedition, he specially recommended Meng Zhixiang to Li, saying that to pacify Chengdu, someone needed to take up surprisingly, and Meng Zhixiang was the best choice. Meng Zhixiang is Li's cousin. Guo Chongtao recommended Meng Zhixiang because he helped himself and wanted to repay him. Guo Chongtao's seemingly casual decision changed the history of Sichuan.
At the end of the third year of Tongguang in the late Tang Dynasty (AD 925), Tang soldiers entered Chengdu with overwhelming forces, and Wang Yan, the owner of Shu, surrendered. After that, Meng Zhixiang, the capital of Taiyuan, the capital of the later Tang Dynasty, stayed behind and was appointed as our envoy in Xichuan, heading west to Sichuan. After Li destroyed Liang and Shu, Tang became proud. A wise man can see at a glance that there will be chaos in the later Tang Dynasty. Sure enough, as soon as Tang Bing destroyed Shu, chaos occurred. Guo Chongtao was killed in the civil strife, and Shu was in chaos, which made Meng Zhixiang see the opportunity to give up the regime.
Although everyone is familiar with the geographical situation of Sichuan, I still want to introduce it. Sichuan Basin is the largest livable basin in China, surrounded by mountains. There are Micang Mountain and Daba Mountain in the north, Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in the west, Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau in the south and Wushan and Dalou Mountain in the east. Wanli Yangtze River runs from the south of Sichuan Basin to the east, and Jialing River and Minjiang River run through it. North of Micang Mountain and Daba Mountain is Hanzhong Valley, north of Hanzhong Valley is Qinling Mountain, and north of Qinling Mountain is Guanzhong Plain. The Guanzhong Plain goes eastward out of Tongguan, which is the Central Plains.
Sichuan basin, known as the land of abundance in ancient times, is rich in products and developed in agriculture. Such geographical conditions are very easy to separate the regime in troubled times. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Zhuge Liang, who was in a high position, focused on Xichuan (Yizhou) when formulating the white paper on Liu Bei's development. Zhuge Liang said, surprise, besieged on all sides, thousands of miles away are fertile fields. If you gain Yizhou, you can leave China in the north and stick to Jingzhou in the west. Qin State and Western Han Dynasty actually relied on the resources of Sichuan Basin, and then moved eastward to pacify the world.
After the demise of the Shu-Han Dynasty, Zhong Hui, who led Wei Jun's main force into Shu, intended to be the second Liu Bei, and took a fancy to the geographical environment of Sichuan, which was high in all directions and low in the middle. As long as the monarch is not fatuous and does not take the risk of sticking to his position, one person can't force him, and no matter how strong the enemy is, he can't kill him.
Meng Zhixiang has been tempted. Next, we will wait for the weather.
In 926, Li was killed by soldiers in a mutiny that destroyed the Great Wall. Li Siyuan acceded to the throne, and Li Siyuan was the adopted son of Li's father Li Keyong. Meng Zhixiang knew that his chance had finally come.
However, Meng Zhixiang only occupies Xichuan at this time, and there is also a provincial unit in Sichuan Basin-Dongchuan our time. In fact, Dong Zhang, our envoy in Dongchuan, also intends to rule the Sichuan Basin as a king, which means that the struggle between the two tigers will definitely have wounds. However, Li Siyuan was unwilling, and the Sichuan Basin, which had been worked so hard in the late Tang Dynasty, was easily taken away by Meng Zhixiang. Li Siyuan sent his son-in-law Shi Jingtang to lead an army into Sichuan in an attempt to destroy Meng Zhixiang and Dong Zhang. As a result, it was beaten away by the combined forces of Meng and Dong.
Next, it is the struggle between surprisingly and Dongchuan. In the third year of Changxing in the late Tang Dynasty (AD 932), Meng Zhixiang defeated Dong Zhang and monopolized the two rivers. In 934 AD, Meng Zhixiang and other Tang and Li Siyuan submitted to humiliation and immediately proclaimed themselves emperor. In order to distinguish the Shu State established by Wang Jian from the Shu State established by Meng Zhixiang, historians call the former the former and the latter the latter.
From the perspective of separatist regions, the latter Shu almost copied the former Shu. The second uncle's capital has no choice but to put it in Chengdu, the largest city in Sichuan. The biggest enemy in Shu is obviously from the Central Plains, which means that Shu must win the Hanzhong fortress and become the gateway to Chengdu. To stabilize Hanzhong, it is best to win Fengxiang, an important town in the west of Weishui. However, the Central Plains Dynasty attached great importance to Fengxiang's strategic position, and Shu never got it. In the era of Wang Jian, a warlord named Li carved up Yufeng Township. In Meng Zhixiang era, Fengxiang was owned by the later Tang Dynasty. Therefore, Shu can only give up the plan to occupy Fengxiang and instead occupy another important town west of Fengxiang (near Tianshui, Gansu). With Qin Zhou, Shu soldiers can protect Hanzhong from the western front, which is of great strategic significance to Shu.
However, the territory of the latter Shu is slightly smaller than that of the former Shu, because the latter Shu controlled Guizhou and Zhou Xia. Guizhou is now Zigui County, Yichang City, Hubei Province, and Zhou Xia is Yichang City. The former Shu controlled Guizhou and Zhou Xia, just a stone's throw away from Jiangling, one of the central cities in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, which greatly expanded the strategic depth of the eastern Shu line. By the time of Houshu, the two states had been taken away by Gao Jichang, the separatist regime in Jingnan. It's just that there are only three States in Jingnan, which can't threaten the post-Shu of the Eastern Front.
On the surface, the death of Houshu was in 965, when Song Jun went to the Western Ocean. In fact, Zhou Shizong and Chai Rong were the first heroes of the downfall of Houshu. In May of the second year of Xiande in the Later Zhou Dynasty (AD 955), Zhou Jun attacked Houshu and captured Qin Zhou and other four states, which led to the danger of losing Hanzhong, the gateway of Houshu. In addition, Zhou Jun almost wiped out the most elite troops in Houshu. The army of the Northern Song Dynasty met only the young soldiers of Houshu, and they had no fighting capacity. As Mrs. Hua Rui said in the poem, "140,000 people have lost their armor, and none of them are male." These troops can't be compared with the elite of Houshu that Chai Rong met.
Although the post-Shu Dynasty was an independent small dynasty, it created a prosperous era during its reign, which was no match for San Qian. With the malicious connivance of Zhao Kuangyin, the army of the Northern Song Dynasty set fire to kill and plunder everywhere after it entered Shu. Decades later, Shu people still hate Wang Quanbin and others. The famous Wang Xiaobo and Li Shun Uprising are all under the banner of Ren Junmeng's early adopters. Hong Mai, a well-dressed scholar-bureaucrat in the Southern Song Dynasty, talked nonsense about destroying Shu in the Northern Song Dynasty and saving Shu people in from the mire. It's really a pity, said his old gentleman!