Class level:
Student number:
Last name:
Instructor:
Study time:
Printing house training
First, the internship time:
Week 18-Week 19 (Month-Day)
Second, the location:
Xx printing plant
Third, the training task:
Pre-press stage: the main task is to define the joint application of fonts and font sizes, and choose different styles of fonts according to the contents of different manuscripts. Master the rules of text typesetting, be familiar with the use of various plate-making software in production, the graphic design is reasonable, the color application is naturally coordinated, meet the requirements of printing technology, and can produce PS positive graphics on the computer.
Printing stage: the main task is to clarify the basic principle of lithography, master the process of lithography and the specific work contents and titles of each process in the process, and understand the five elements of lithography.
Post-press decoration stage: the main task is to adopt various post-press decoration processing according to the needs of printed products to meet the needs of product performance and aesthetic appreciation.
Training objectives
Familiar with prepress: various printing equipment, equipment and common printing materials before and during prepress. Clarify a series of technological processes from manuscript design to printed matter production. Master the specific operation contents and requirements of each working procedure. Cultivate students' practical ability and self-study ability. Encourage students to combine theoretical knowledge with production practice.
Fourth, the purpose of training:
1. Familiar with all kinds of printing equipment, equipment and common printing materials in prepress, prepress and prepress parts.
2. Make clear a series of technological processes from manuscript design to printed matter production.
3. Master the specific operation contents and requirements of each working procedure.
4. Cultivate students' time, practical ability and self-study ability.
5. Encourage students to combine theoretical knowledge with production practice.
Five, the steps of training and harvest:
(A), prepress plate making
Plate making is the first of the three major printing processes and the basis of printing. Without a good printing plate, it is impossible to print a good product. Samples play an important role in the quality of plate making.
(a), the sample (original) production requirements:
Before designing the sample, we should listen carefully to customers' opinions and requirements, carefully design and highlight the products to be promoted in combination with the requirements of printing on the quality of the manuscript, and strive to make the layout novel and unique, and make innovations in the use of colors on the basis of the coordination of layout and tone. When designing a product, we should catch people's eyes, use realistic colors or contrasting colors, even complementary colors, focus on the product, or use other means, as long as it can highlight and strengthen the publicity effect.
For the line draft, it is required that the nature is clear, there is no broken pen, the thickness is even and smooth, and the fine lines can still be clearly seen if they are copied. When the lines are enlarged and copied, the edges should not be rough, and the contrast between the background color and the line color should be large. If the background color and line color are all colored, then try to make sure that the color matching can divide the obvious density level when taking pictures.
In short, color manuscripts must meet the following quality requirements in order to meet the requirements of plate making:
1. The original should be impartial and the color should be basically the same as the real thing.
2. The original contrast should be suitable for the duty requirements.
Limited by materials such as ink and paper, the highest density of copying is generally around 1.5. According to practice, the density range of the manuscript is 0.3-2. 1, that is, the contrast is 1.8. If the contrast of the original image is less than 2.4, the effect is still poor after reasonable compression.
3. The manuscript is rich in layers
The whole picture is neither too dark nor too bright. High-pitched, middle-pitched and dark tones all have density variation, multi-level and gradual change.
4. the clarity of the manuscript should be high.
Only high definition can better show the details of the scene and make the outline of the picture sharp, but the definition is not easy to be too high. Generally, the number of screen lines of color printed matter is 150~ 175 lines/inch, and the maximum is 200 lines/inch, so the resolution of making proofs cannot be greater than 400dpi.
(2), plate making process:
1.
After the film is sent from the phototypesetting workshop to the plate-making workshop, the first thing to do is to cut off the blank part of the film, that is, cut the film. The correct operation method is to put the film face up on the stage, first look at the parity of the version number, if it is an odd code version, cut off the blank part on the left side of the film; If there is a middle seam, try to cut it on the inside to avoid re-processing by the imposition staff; If it is an even size version, cut off the right side of the film. The above is the cutting method of black and white film. If it is a color film, it is generally necessary to leave alignment marks on the top and bottom.
Step 2: imposition
Imposition is divided into book edition and newspaper edition. 8. The published version is generally spelled in book version. Common versions are 4, 8, 16, 24, 32, and occasionally there are 4-day versions or 64 versions. Usually in imposition, the number of large editions is divided into marked parts, such as A.B.C.D For example, a 64-page newspaper edition can be divided into A32, B32 or 16 editions of A, B, C and D respectively.
(1) Regular imposition of newspaper layout follows the following rules:
The sum of the lower version numbers is equal to the sum of the upper and lower version numbers on the right, and is equal to the maximum version number plus 1. As in the case of version 32, the sum of the upper and lower version numbers on the left and right sides should be 33.
(2) The positions of the odd-numbered version and the even-numbered version are fixed, and the positions of the left and right small versions and the large version are also fixed. For example, in the process of imposition of the 32nd edition, four editions of 32, 25, 1 and 8 and four editions of 24, 17, 9 and 16 are placed on two large editions respectively, of which 32 and 24,
(2)4 newspaper layout generally follows the following rules:
(1) When the number of editions is less than 20 (including 20 editions), four editions are used as a group for imposition, and the two editions at both ends of the fourth edition are put together with the intermediate edition respectively, namely 1, 4 and 2, 3, 5, 8 and 6, 7, 9, 12 and 10, 65433.
(2) If the version number is greater than 20, you can subtract the version number by an integer multiple of 20, and then use the method in the first case. For example, 48 can be put together with 45, because 8 and 5 are put together after subtracting two twenties from 48 and 45 respectively.
③ The odd and even versions are fixed. That is, 1, 3, 5, 7, 9… is the same as 2, 4, 6, 8, 10….
put one's palms together
Imposition is obtained by folding proofs, and the process of folding proofs is called folding hands. According to the different folding methods of printing equipment and newspaper folding machine, the folding methods are also different. For example, version 8 has a head-to-head, foot-to-foot distinction, and version 4 has a head-up and a bow. Generally speaking, for two triangles or printing devices using page protection programs, the folding hands are both two hands, that is, 16 version, the first eight and the last eight are nested; For version 24, put the first 16 together, and then put it together with the last eight small collections; For version 32, cover the front 16 and the back 16 separately, and then cover them together.
Due to the strong timeliness of newspaper printing, the plate-making workshop of newspaper printing plant generally advocates the "weak exposure" printing mode, and in order to save time in the plate-making process, the printing time is set shorter, and; The conditions of the Chinese version should be adjusted accordingly to make the printing plate meet the printing requirements. In addition, attention should be paid to the cleanliness of printer glass and the suction of vacuum pump when printing.
5. Impact products
In order to meet the printing conditions of weak exposure, the ratio of developer is generally higher than that in the specification. Taking developer as an example, the specification requires that the ratio of stock solution to water is 1: 5 ~ 1: 8, while "weak exposure" is generally prepared at the concentration of 1: 4. Printed board; It is often dirty after washing out, and there are generally two ways to deal with it. One is to replace the printing plate; Wash it again, but it takes too much time; Another method, which is also a better method, is to add a certain amount of washing powder to the developer to remove dirt by enhancing the molecular activity of the plate washing solution.
Revised version
The most important point of revision is to remove unnecessary film edge marks on the printing plate. Traces repaired with a revised pen must also be wiped off with a wet cloth in time to avoid getting dirty when printing. For the scratches on the printing plate, you can dip a little dilute sulfuric acid with a fine brush and apply it to the scratches.
7. Check the imposition quality
Layout inspection is the last process before the printing plate is put on the machine. If this process is not strictly controlled, it will bring greater economic losses to the printing plant. In addition to checking whether the words and pictures in the layout are damaged, less drawn and weak, we should also check the layout in detail. If it is a continuous drying plate, it is necessary to test the deviation between the first drying and the second drying of YMCK four plates. Printing workshops mostly rely on visual inspection of printing plate quality, but due to the small contrast between printing plate graphics and blank parts, long-term inspection will lead to fatigue, and some errors are not easy to detect. A better inspection method is that the cleaned printing plate should be inked in time to increase the contrast of the printing plate to adapt to the observation habits of human eyes.
1. Basic requirements for developing film
The surface is clean, without any stains and mechanical damage, and the density, contrast and clarity meet the requirements. The inner and outer corner lines and regular lines of the four corners are complete.
2. Printing process
Exposure-development-developer coating-decontamination-repair-glue wiping-drying.
Suitable for printing a small amount, one set can be printed.
Exposure-development-decontamination-repair-wiping baking liquid-baking tray-development-coating developing ink-gluing-drying.
Suitable for printing plates with a large number of prints and a set of plates that can't be printed.
Exposure: The exposure time depends on the density and quality of the film. If the density is too low, the exposure time will be reduced accordingly to prevent the light from passing through the thinner part, and the part that the light passes through will be washed away during development, resulting in incomplete graphics and text or insufficient ink layer during printing; If the density is too large, the exposure time can be appropriately extended, so that small dots are lost and the brightness loss is serious. The normal exposure time is based on the reproduction of 2%~97% of the dots in the printing plate, and the exposure is generally carried out in the printing press.
Development: develop with 5% alkaline solution, rinse off the exposed part of the photosensitive glue, and keep the unexposed part of the photosensitive glue, which becomes the basis of graphics and text.
Coating developer: coating developer on the graphic part of the printing plate to increase the adsorption of ink on graphics and text, and also to check the quality of the printing plate.
Decontamination: use a special decontamination pen or plate cleaning paste to remove all kinds of dirt that should not be in the layout. Then rinse the dirty part with clean water or wipe it with a wet rag.
Repair: use professional repair pen to repair the missing pen and broken line of graphics and text.
Glue wiping: Dip clean ancient cloth into dissolved clean Arabic gum or methyl cellulose solution and apply it on the surface of printing plate. The coating should be uniform and without omission. Then blow-dry the glue on the printing plate with bellows to form a protective film on the printing plate to protect the blank bottom plate from oxidation and dust.
Baking liquid: Apply special baking liquid on the layout, dip it in the baking liquid with ancient cloth, and wipe it all when blending and rubbing, and wipe it evenly, without thickness or thinness.
Baking: put the plate with baking liquid into a baking machine, bake at a constant temperature of 230~250 degrees Celsius for 5~8 minutes, take out the plate, and naturally cool. The printing resistance of baked PS plate is 3~4 times higher than that of unbaked PS plate.
Secondary development: develop the image again with developer, and then rinse it with clear water to remove the residual protective solution on the page.
Blow-drying: put the printing plate filled with glue under the electric fan to blow-dry or dry naturally.
(2) China Printing
First, the preliminary preparation
1, paper preparation
If the water content of the paper is not balanced with the relative humidity of the workshop, and the water content of the paper is uneven before printing on the computer, such paper will not only misregister but also wrinkle the paper when printing on the computer. Before paper printing, it is necessary to adjust the humidity to reduce the sensitivity of paper to water, adapt to the water content of paper and improve the stability of paper size.
There are three ways to adjust the humidity:
1) natural hanging drying method: hanging drying in a printing workshop or a paper drying room with similar relative humidity in the printing workshop to adjust the humidity.
Using the upper space of the tall printing workshop, an iron clip is installed to hang the paper, and stacks of flat paper are clamped on the iron frame to make it naturally conform to the humidity and relative humidity of the surrounding air (sometimes an electric fan is installed to promote air convection). This method generally takes about 5 days to achieve the purpose of humidity control, which is not suitable for high-speed machine printing.
2) Wet air dryer: in the printing workshop or special paper drying room, install a large paper dryer or a circular paper drying rack, clamp stacks of flat papers on the iron rack, and blow the air with adjusted temperature and humidity onto the paper, so that the paper can reach a balance with the air temperature and humidity in the workshop in a short time. In the case of humidification, the blowing temperature is often increased to a paper drying room with a temperature of 10~ 15℃ higher than the relative humidity of the printing workshop. Speed up the moisture absorption of paper. The blowing time is generally 1~2 hours, and the middle of the flat paper should be turned once to speed up the moisture absorption of the paper. The moisture content in the fiber of the paper just adjusted is not completely balanced, and it needs to be placed on the paper table for more than ten hours to reach stability.
3) Humidify the paper in a damp place, and then carry out moisture balance in a printing workshop or a paper drying room similar to the temperature and humidity of the printing workshop, so that the water content of the paper is even and balanced with the temperature and humidity of the printing workshop or the paper drying room.
Use a trailer to pull the wet paper back to the machine for printing. If you can't print on the computer immediately, cover it with paper or plastic to prevent the change of water content and affect the printability.
2. Preparation of ink
1) If the manuscript needs to be printed with variegated ink, adjust the ink according to the manuscript color.
When adjusting dark ink, first put the main color ink into the ink tray or ink tube, then add the auxiliary color ink and stir it evenly. By comparing and observing the difference between hue and primary color, add it to hue matching, and record the matching components and quantity for later use.
When preparing light-colored ink, we should first add the primary color ink into Bai Mo or diluent for preparation, and then expand the amount of ink needed for printing according to the proportion of components after meeting the hue requirements.
Ink mixing should be carried out in small batches first, and then in large batches after meeting the requirements. When preparing ink, try to use less ink with different colors to prevent the gloss of the prepared ink from dropping sharply. Affect the bright color of printed matter. At the same time, it is best to prepare the required ink once to avoid hue error in the second preparation.
Don't make the ink too thick or too thin. In general, the thicker the ink, the greater the viscosity and the smaller the fluidity. The ink in the Mo Dou is not easy to ink, and the ink on the ink roller should not be uniform. The ink on the consistent printing plate is not consistent, and it is easy to accumulate on the printing plate, resulting in the phenomenon of napping and pasting. The ink is too thin, the viscosity is too small, and the fluidity is large, which will make the printed matter dull. At the same time, because the ink is too thin, the dot absorbs ink and enlarges the paste, and the printed matter is distorted, which is also prone to the phenomenon of dirty layout.
The general situation of mastering ink thickness is: the climate is dry, and it can be thinner; Low temperature and proper diluent; This kind of paper is rough, soft, good in water absorption and moderate in thickness. On the contrary, the ink should be thicker; The printing plate should be thicker; Print the field version, thinner; The machine is fast, and a little thicker is appropriate; If the machine is slow, it should be thinner.
The amount of ink prepared is slightly more than the actual printing amount, which will cause waste.
The main factors that determine the amount of ink are: the number of printing, the size of printing area, the thickness of ink layer, the properties of paper, the volume and specific gravity of ink itself, etc.
2) If there are no special requirements for primary color samples, search for Y, M, C, K and four-color inks (black inks are required to be of the same brand and batch) and various common ink additives (diluents, desiccants, adhesives, etc.). ) to facilitate the use in printing, adjust the printability of ink, and meet the requirements of printing technology and paper. If the paper quality is good and the printing speed is slow, the viscosity and viscosity of ink can be relatively large and the fluidity is small by using screen printing; The quality of paper is poor, the printing speed is fast, the viscosity and viscosity of ink are relatively small, and the liquidity is relatively large.
3. Version preparation
Go to the printing plate, take the required printing plate back to the machine according to the printing variety name on the machine construction work sheet, and then conduct a comprehensive inspection of the printing plate (or check it at the printing plate).
Plate inspection can be divided into two parts.
(1) Plate Appearance Inspection
Aim the printing plate at the light, gently touch the printing plate with your hand, and check whether the printing plate is scratched, scratched and uneven. If foreign objects are found stuck on the front and back, they need to be removed. Also check whether the printing plate surface is oxidized and scratched. If the end of the mouth is uneven, you need to knock it flat, which is convenient for loading. If unqualified plates are found, they must not be printed on the computer to prevent waste.
(2) Inspection of pictures and words
① Quality inspection of outlets
The points that make up the layout should be complete and clear. If the dot is incomplete and there is a white core, it means that there is something wrong with plate making or printing. At this time, you can check the original. If there is nothing wrong with the original, you should print it again. If there is a problem, you need to make a new version. Text lines are missing pens or broken lines, or there are redundant parts that cannot be trimmed and need to be reprinted. In particular, the attached printed proofs are marked with words that need to be modified but cannot be modified, and can only be printed on the computer after completion.
② Specification inspection
Check whether the length, width and opening size of the printing plate are correct. If the size is correct, it is also necessary to check whether the mouth size on both sides of the printing plate is consistent and whether the picture and text are centered. It can only be attached after it is completely correct.
③ Alignment and color code inspection.
The corner line, cutter line, center line and overprint line on the printing plate must be put together, which is the basis for adjusting the position of the printing plate on the roller to meet the requirements of overprint, and it is also a sentence for cutting in the next process. If the overprint is incomplete, it may be that the overprint is not accurate. These hard tops of the first color plate should be mended and mended again. If it cannot be supplemented, the gauge line can only be re-made on the film and re-printed.
Color code is the basis of quality inspection. It can indicate color leakage, inversion, etc. Color codes cannot overlap. The color code on both sides should be on the edge of the paper, leaking out of the edge of the paper. The color code must be complete.
④ Recognition of printing plate color.
Different colors of printing plates use different ink colors, so they must be consistent, otherwise there will be printing accidents.
If the blank corner of the version is marked with C, M, Y and K, it can be directly identified; If the printing plate is not marked, the color of the printing plate can be identified according to the dot angle specified by the manufacturer. The specific method is: first, identify the yellow plate with a dot angle of 90, then identify the main color plate with a dot angle of 45, and judge the plate colors of the other two plates by comparing the dot area coverage of the plate image with the dot coverage of the image. For example, the character image, the black version with a large lip dot area.
⑤ Plate depth inspection
The depth of offset printing plate is expressed by dot percentage, with large dot percentage deep and small dot percentage shallow.
The dot percentage of each printing plate should be slightly less than the dot percentage on the sample, but never greater than the dot percentage on the sample.
Check the printing plate with a high magnification magnifying glass against the sample, and check against the same part. Under normal printing pressure, the dot on the printing plate will inevitably expand during the printing process, and it is impossible to shrink it, so the dot area on the printing plate is smaller than that on the sample. If the sample and the dot size on the printing plate are equal, the dot size on the printing plate will be deep.
For example, the white point of the dark tone is lost, and 50% of the dots in the middle tone overlap too much, indicating that the printing plate is too deep; If the small dots in the bright tone part are missing, it means that the printing plate is too shallow.
4. fountain solution
According to the properties of printing machine, paper and ink, choose the appropriate fountain solution. For example, after selecting alcohol fountain solution and nonionic surfactant fountain solution, the fountain solution is prepared according to the standard. Include gum Arabic, citric acid, etc.
Existing enterprises use both alcohol fountain solution and nonionic surfactant fountain solution. These two fountain solutions have different properties.
Alcohol fountain solution: ① It evaporates quickly, which makes the water added in ink and paper evaporate quickly and reduces the influence of water on quality.
(2) Due to the latent heat of evaporation, the temperature of the layout is reduced and the fouling of the layout is reduced by using the endothermic law of evaporation process.
(3) Good liquidity, reducing water consumption for layout.
Nonionic surfactant fountain solution: nonionic surfactant fountain solution added with glycerol has low surface tension, excellent wettability and hydrophilicity, can be mixed with water in any proportion, has strong hygroscopicity and can capture water from the air. If you stop using it soon, there is no need to rub the glue, but if the content is too high, it can prevent the mark from drying and thinning.
4, the installation and use of blanket
Blanket is an intermediate for transferring pictures and texts, which requires uniform tension on the surface.
During installation, two pairs of rubber blanket clamps should be used to clamp at both ends, and each clamp has 8 screw holes.
Precautions for installing blanket:
(1) The blanket is cut into the required rectangle, which is the key to ensure the uniform stress of the blanket.
If one side is short, the rubber blanket will be unevenly stressed after installation.
(2) Before punching the blanket, clamp the splint with the punching edge of the blanket, then draw the screw hole on the clamp on the blanket with a stroke, and punch the hole according to the position of the screw hole drawn on the modified punch.
(3) Press the edge of the blanket tightly against the stop inside the plate clamp to prevent uneven stress caused by too much clamping and too little clamping.
(4) When the blanket is tightened, the middle and the back can be used first to prevent the clamped edge from becoming wavy, and there can be no omissions when tightening the screws.
(5) When installing on the blanket cylinder, be sure to put the splint of the blanket into the clamp in the blanket cylinder, otherwise, the clamp of the blanket will be thrown out when the equipment is running.
(6) The mechanism of tensioning the blanket on the roller is self-centering, and the tighter the tension, the better the self-centering.
(7) The newly changed blanket should be printed for about one hour, and then tensioned to keep the blanket at the required tension.
(8) Blanket cutting should ensure an absolute rectangle. If there are slight differences, it will not have much influence on tension. If the difference is too big, you should cut it again.
2. Determine the printing color sequence according to the printed manuscript.
According to the content of the printed manuscript, the principle of highlighting the main color of the picture should be followed to prevent the main color from being covered. Generally, the main color plate is printed last. For example, the pictures of portraits, red leaves and autumn scenery should be strengthened in warm colors, first printed in black and blue, and then printed in magenta and yellow; Such as spring scenery, mountains and rivers or snow-capped mountains, black and magenta are printed first, and then cyan and yellow are printed.
3. Determine the printing color order according to the amount of ink on the page.
Whether it is a monochrome machine or a multi-color machine, multi-color printing always prints one color first, and then prints the next color plate. If a large-area field printing plate is arranged to print in the first color, other printing plates with lighter ink quantity will be printed. The printing effect is definitely not ideal, easy to scratch, poor ink absorption, spotting and difficult to dry. A printing plate color sequence in which a small amount of ink is printed first and then a large amount of ink is printed.
The matching of color plates of two-color machine should also follow the principle of large and small ink printing, and the plates with large ink should be placed in the second color group to prevent "color channeling"
4. Determine the printing color sequence according to the overprinter requirements.
1) Four-color overprint. Overprinting is affected by factors such as paper water absorption deformation or its own tension resistance, and the problems existing in plate making. If the black characters in the layout are mistaken for four-color characters, then the printing order of yellow, magenta, cyan and black can be adopted in monochrome machine printing, which can supplement the gray balance and strengthen the picture outline; Some manuscripts often have overprint of cyan and magenta characters, which is very unsightly once they fail to meet the overprint standard. If it is the overprint of magenta and yellow characters, it is not obvious because of overprint. The combination of cyan, magenta, black and yellow plates is used for two-color confidential, and the effect is ideal.
2) printing gold and silver. Gold ink and silver ink have little adsorption, so try to print in the last color; However, the hiding power of the two oils is extremely strong, and the field version will cover all the background colors. Be sure to consider the problem of plate making, whether the four-color text or image printed with gold or silver plate is hollowed out, if not, print gold or silver plate first. If we don't pay attention to such problems, the content and words will be lost.
3) Print black text on the live version. In printing, it is often encountered that if black text is printed first, then magenta, yellow or spot color version, the text will be red or yellow, so it is necessary to choose the printing color sequence of printing solid color background first and then printing black text version.
5. The color sequence that should be considered when the paper properties are different.
Whiteness, smoothness, ink absorption, loose fibers, and the degree of powder and hair loss vary with color printing paper. The performance of coated paper is relatively stable, while other papers, such as offset paper, writing paper, whiteboard paper and woven paper, have rough surface and poor tension resistance. In order to make up for the lack of paper, yellow printing can be used as the backing first.
Printing color sequence in visual effect of intransitive verbs
In the past, monochrome printing usually arranged yellow plates in the first color. In the light, the visual effect of yellow ink is weak, and the amount of ink is not easy to master. You can choose strong color ink to print in the first color, such as cyan, magenta, yellow and black, which is more convenient for visual or ink color change, and at the same time can prevent the yellow board from drying quickly because of too long interval, resulting in vitrification.
In the production process, we should summarize the experience of printing color sequence for different printing equipment, paper, ink and different manuscripts. By referring to the sample, checking the printing plate and choosing the correct printing color sequence, you will finally get a satisfactory overprint effect.
(3) Finishing after printing
Printed matter is the general name of all kinds of products produced by printing technology. Printing post-press processing can be divided into three categories according to the purpose of processing.
① Beautify and decorate the surface of printed matter. For example, glazing or laminating treatment to improve the gloss of printed matter; In order to improve the three-dimensional sense of printed matter, concave-convex embossing or crystal three-dimensional plastic drop treatment; Refraction, foil ironing, etc. To enhance the flicker of printed matter.
(2) Processing to make printed matter obtain specific functions. Printed matter is for people. Different printed matter should have or strengthen some functions because of its different service objects or purposes, such as making printed matter have oil-proof, moisture-proof, wear-resistant and insect-proof protection functions. Some printed matter should have certain functions, such as stamps and letters of introduction. , can be torn off, documents and forms can be copied, and the magnetic card has anti-counterfeiting function.
③ The formation and processing of printed matter. Such as cutting single-page printed matter to the layout size specified by the design; Book binding; Die cutting and indentation processing of packaging materials, etc.
(1) Tidy up the cover.
The processing of the cover is to reprocess the surface of the completed graphic information.
Common surface treatments of printed matter include glazing, laminating, waxing and hot anodizing.
1.
The laminating process is divided into immediate laminating and precoating laminating. Most of them are pre-coated.
Pre-coating and laminating process: laminating preparation-unwinding-compounding-rewinding.
2. Hot stamping anodizing
The technological process of hot stamping anodized aluminum: preparation before hot stamping-plate mounting-parameter determination-trial printing, sample signing and formal hot stamping.
4. Binding process of paperback books
The binding process of books is divided into book block processing and packaging cover, and the process flow is: cutting → folding → marking → ordering packaging → cutting books. From cutting to binding, it belongs to the block processing stage.
It's too long to send. Do you have a mailbox?