In the study of the former residence, there is a book "The Origin of Ancient Poetry" published by Literature and Ancient Books Publishing House from 65438 to 0957. * * * In the poem "Climbing the Pool upstairs" by Xie Lingyun, a famous poet in the Northern and Southern Dynasties, almost every poem draws a straight line or curve, and a circle or double circle is added at the end of the sentence. After drawing two circles under "I am too stupid to learn moral wisdom, but I am not responsible for returning farmland", I commented on the zenith and between the lines: "Contradictions run through. See where the contradiction lies:' Morality, intelligence and stupidity cannot be returned to the fields'. This man has been contradictory all his life. If you want to be a big official, if you can't, you will be compensated by virtue and wisdom. I don't want to be a monarch under the forest. I have lived in this contradiction all my life. At the end of the rebellion, the contradiction reached its acme. Ovarian excitement, Qin Lian shame. Originally from Jianghai, he is a loyal and righteous gentleman. " This is a rebel movement. This annotation of 100 goes far beyond the evaluation of the work itself, but an analysis of Xie Lingyun's moral character and political attitude.
* * * In the ninth biography of "Twenty-four History of Heather" published by Wuyingtang in Qing Dynasty, I carefully read and circled the historical materials about Xie Lingyun and his family. According to biographical records, Xie Lingyun was the grandson of Xie Xuan, a famous soldier who defeated Fu Jian in the battle of Surabaya in history. Xie Jia was the most powerful big noble and bureaucratic landlord at that time. Xie Lingyun is a hereditary male. Because of its "luxury, gorgeous clothes and old clothes, the world has always respected it, and Xie Youxing is salty." Xie Lingyun is famous for "the beauty of articles" and "learning less and reading widely". Xie Lingyun's poems are good at describing natural scenery, paying attention to the formal beauty of poetry, and the poetic language is rich and colorful, which has injected fresh vitality into the boring metaphysical poems since the Eastern Jin Dynasty and changed the poetic style of a generation, thus attracting the attention of the poetic circles and occupying a certain position in China's poetic circles. Politically, Xie Lingyun was ambitious. "He claimed that he could be a confidential person", but Song Wudi and Song Wendi never entrusted important positions to the army, "only treated them in a literal way". Xie Lingyun's arrogance and "excessive comity" will not please the establishment, give him a position without real power, and make him a idle minister and gallop around as an assistant minister, but he will not do it. He made another mistake when he was the left-back of Prince Shizi (the guard officer). Song Wendi acceded to the throne as a teenager, and the minister took power. Xie Lingyun gathered a group of people to criticize the failure of state affairs. Therefore, the authorities transferred him from Beijing to serve as the prefect of Yongjia. During his tenure as satrap, he still felt frustrated, ignored government affairs all day and indulged in landscapes, and soon resigned. Later, Emperor Wen called him the secretary supervisor (the official in charge of palace books, secret records and ancient books) and asked him to write the Book of Jin, but he didn't write it. Xie Lingyun holds important positions for people whose talents and fame are far less than his own, but he is not reused. He always bears a grudge and often says that illness is not worth it. "After Chen's illness, he was given leave to go east." Since then, life has become more indulgent. Many times I expropriated land to build gardens and pavilions, traveled with some like-minded people, drank wine and wrote poems, and hundreds of disciples and servants followed me, so that I "alarmed the princess" and thought I was a "mountain thief". Xie Lingyun's arrogance is unacceptable to the world. He offended the local officials and wrote to accuse him of rebellion. At first, Deng Wendi knew that this was a false accusation, but she was not convicted. Later, when he became a civil servant in Linchuan, some people accused him of "rebellion." Xie Lingyun really "disobeyed" this time, and was finally arrested and killed, ending his tragic life at the age of 49.
"Poetry expresses ambition". The poet's world outlook, the poet's joys and sorrows are always revealed in his works in many ways and directions. The poem "Climbing the Pool Upstairs" was written by Xie Lingyun when he was released from Jiankang, the capital, and was appointed as the magistrate of Yongjia. Chishanglou is located in Yongjia. This poem describes Sui with landscapes, which reflects his depressed mentality at that time. Through these two poems, combined with the poet's life experience, this paper deeply analyzes his political attitude and ideological essence, and points out that his contradiction is "he wants to be an official but can't do it" and "he doesn't want to be a monarch under the forest". Moreover, this contradiction dominated the poet's life, and finally "contradiction to the extreme" led to the poet's self-destruction. "Ovary courageously, qin even ashamed. This belongs to jianghai people, and loyalty is a gentleman. "It was a poem written by Xie Lingyun when he rebelled, which was called" crusade against rebellion "by * *. The ovary in the poem is Sean named Liu Hou who helped Emperor Gaozu Liu Bang conquer the world. Sean V was a minister of Korea during the Warring States Period. After Qin destroyed Korea, he tried to restore South Korea. Lu Lian, namely Lu Zhonglian, was a native of Qi during the Warring States Period. He traveled around the world, giving advice to Zhao, Yan and other countries and opposing the annexation of Qin by powerful countries. Xie Lingyun's rebellion was just a desperate attempt to satisfy his desire for power, and it was a feud within the ruling class. He used the metaphor of Sean and Lu Zhonglian to whitewash his reputation. * * * * comments hit the nail on the head. 1958 10, * * at the end of Tell My Compatriots in Taiwan Province Province, I quoted a poem called Rebellion Movement: "Friends in Taiwan Province Province, you can't respect the United States as emperor. Please read the biography of Lv Zhonglian. America is like the king of Qi, teetering at the end of his life, still bullying Lu Wei, a small country. There is a saying in the Six Dynasties: Han died of excitement, and Qin died of humiliation. Originally from Jianghai, he is a loyal and righteous gentleman. Now is the time to resist imperialism. " * * * The meaning quoted here is to emphasize patriotism, which also shows his familiarity with Xie Lingyun's poems. "Tell Taiwan Province Compatriots Again" was not published later, but only the orders given by People's Republic of China (PRC) and the Minister of National Defense to the People's Liberation Army at the front line in Fujian.
Although * * * has no sympathy for Xie Lingyun's political behavior, he attaches great importance to Xie Lingyun's poems. Among the ancient poetry sources with the above annotations, there are 24 poems collected by Xie Lingyun and 22 poems circled by * * * *. In the editor's notes, comments on Xie Lingyun's poems, such as "returning to the original", "being original" and "being innovative", are all drawn with curves and circles. Xie Lingyun's poems in Selected Works of Zhaoming and Three Hundred Collections of Celebrities in Han, Wei and Six Dynasties are also marked with * * * *.
The Year of Death is a poem by Xie Lingyun to express his feelings through natural scenery, which is closely combined with lyricism and scenery writing. * * * Every sentence is circled, and some even add three circles. The other song "Reading in a Zhai" was written by heart, and * * * was also circled sentence by sentence. For example, every word next to the words "hug now, sleep and eat, tell jokes" is circled; "Laugh drowned, cloud pavilion. Holding a halberd is exhausting, and ploughing is not fun. Everything is bitter and happy, and it is fortunate. " Three circles are drawn at the end of each sentence. For these poems, * * * may not only appreciate their artistry, but also understand the poet's ideological contradictions.
Xie Lingyun started the school of landscape poetry, and Liu Xie commented on his poems in Wen Xin Diao Long: "You must be beautiful to write things, and you must exhaust your words to pursue novelty." * * * Appreciate Xie Lingyun's beautiful poems depicting natural scenery. For example, in "Neighborhood Sending Fangshan", "Homesickness can't be done if you untie the cable and flow." Analysis of the decline of forest, autumn moon and bright moon; In "The Beginning of Crossing Shuning", "Cut bamboo to defend the sea, and waste sails to cross the old mountain. The mountain is poor, and the water touches the border. The rocky mountains are thick, the continents are endless, and so on. He drew straight lines, curves, curves and straight lines beside the sentences. Draw two or three circles under the sentence. According to the editor's note, curves are drawn next to "Farewell to Fangshan in the Neighborhood" and "Be complacent", which shows that * * * attaches importance to this evaluation.
* * * The evaluation of Xie Lingyun's political performance, ideological and moral character and poetry appreciation shows that * * * does not waste poetry because of people. This is another perspective of reading poetry.