The birthplaces and tombs of many historical figures in China are controversial. For example, Zhuge Liang has a dispute between Nanyang and Xiangyang, and the hometown of soldier Sun Wu has a dispute between Shandong Huimin and Shandong Guangrao. The Huangdi Mausoleum also has a dispute between the bridge and the mountain.
The Huangdi Mausoleum in Qiao Shan, Shaanxi Province has the greatest influence, which is located in Beiqiao Mountain, huangling county, Yan 'an City, Shaanxi Province. The first batch of national key cultural relics protection units, the first batch of national AAAAA-level tourist attractions, national scenic spots and the first batch of national patriotic education demonstration bases. Known as "the first mausoleum in the world", it is also known as "the first mausoleum in China" and "the first mausoleum in China". The Mausoleum of the Yellow Emperor in Qiao Shan, Shaanxi Province originated from Sima Qian's Records of the Five Emperors, in which the Yellow Emperor collapsed and buried Qiao Shan. "Historical Records of Guan Chan" contains: "Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty patrolled the north of Shuofang and spent more than 100,000 troops to pay homage to the Qiaoshan of Huangdi Mausoleum".
The Huangdi Mausoleum in Zhengning, Gansu Province is also from historical records, but it is only a dispute between Qiao and Shan. According to Justice in Historical Records of the Tang Dynasty, the Mausoleum of Huangdi is located in Wuzi Mountain, 80 miles east of Luochuan County, Ningzhou. Although the Mausoleum of Huangdi is in Gansu, it was directly under Shaanxi before. There is Qiao Shan, which also belongs to Ziwuling. It is closer to Chang 'an than Qiao Shan in Shaanxi, and the terrain is more convenient for traffic with Guanzhong. Therefore, since the Tang Dynasty, it has been handed down as the Yellow Emperor Qiao Shan.
The Huangdi Mausoleum in Jingshan, Henan Province is from the book Historical Records: Huangdi picked the bronze from the first mountain and cast a tripod at the foot of Jingshan Mountain, which was a great success. There is a dragon hanging down its beard to greet the Yellow Emperor ... It holds its bow and beard, so its name is Dinghu and its bow is Wu Hao.
The Huangdi Mausoleum in Zhuolu, Hebei Province is from Records of the Five Emperors: "The city is in the land of Zhuolu". Shan Hai Jing Xi Ye Jing says that "there is a platform of Xuanyuan, ... there is a country (capital) of Xuanyuan, and you are poor and single-minded." Shan Hai Jing Overseas Western Classics says that "the country (capital) of Xuanyuan is in this poor mountain ... this poor mountain is in its north ... and it is afraid of Xuanyuan Hill". It shows that the capital of the Yellow Emperor should be a poor mountain, and Sima Qian wrote a general word, poor mountain is a Qiao mountain, thinking that poor mountain should compete for deer.
The Huangdi Mausoleum in Pinggu, Beijing, originated from the Ming Dynasty's Ming Dynasty's Unified Records, which recorded that "Yu Zi, ten miles northeast of Pinggu County, has a large mound on it, and the Huangdi Mausoleum in Yun Xuan Garden is also located". There is a saying in Chen Ziang's poems in the Tang Dynasty that "looking north at Ji Mountain and looking for the ancient Xuanyuan Terrace". It is suspected that there is Xuanyuan Temple under this mountain.
Xinzheng, Henan Province is a kind of logical reasoning and empirical analysis based on the theory of Huangdi's hometown. It is believed that the Yellow Emperor was born here and his main activities were buried here after his death. It is also the promotion and influence of the ancestor worship ceremony of the Yellow Emperor.
These five Mausoleums of the Yellow Emperor basically have historical records or related derivative records. The main production and life battles of the Yellow Emperor were concentrated in the Central Plains of North China Plain, and the battles of Hanquan and Zhuolu were all within this range. From the analysis of the excavation of Longshan cultural tombs, it is found that the tomb of Huangdi in Neolithic Age is the highest, and the funerary objects are mainly pottery. Farming people are mainly buried, and there are no bronzes and ironware, so it is impossible to dig mountain tombs.
If the Yellow Emperor is killed in battle, he will be buried in a high standard if he wins, and a little lower if he loses. Qiao Shan in Shaanxi Province and Zhengning in Gansu Province are far away from the core area of the Central Plains, so it is objectively and subjectively impossible to fight in remote areas not far away at that time. If he dies in battle, it is impossible and unnecessary for him to travel long distances to reach the above two areas. He is more likely to die in Jingshan and Xinzheng in Henan, while Zhuolu and Pinggu have a small probability of death.
The activities of offering sacrifices to the Yellow Emperor have a great influence. After 1980, Shaanxi Huangdi Mausoleum resumed the annual Yellow Emperor sacrifice, forming the custom of Qingming public sacrifice and Chongyang folk sacrifice. The public sacrifice was hosted by the Shaanxi Provincial People's Government, and the provincial leaders presided over the public sacrifice. 1994 national leaders attended. Tens of thousands of Chinese and overseas friends from all over the world participated.
The ancestor worship ceremony in Huangdi's hometown is a ceremony for Chinese descendants to worship Huangdi in Xinzheng, Henan Province on the third day of the third lunar month. In 2006 (the third month of the lunar calendar), it was upgraded to "ancestor worship ceremony in the hometown of the Yellow Emperor". In 2008, the State Council identified Xinzheng Huangdi Ancestor Worship Ceremony as the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage expansion projects.
Judging from the logical reasoning and objective operation presumption analysis of the laws of human civilization and historical development, the Yellow Emperor is the objective existence and inevitable choice of the development of Chinese civilization, which determines that the Yellow Emperor is the ancestor of Chinese civilization, but there is no sufficient and effective historical document to prove it, and there is no direct or indirect proof of archaeological discoveries of sites and cultural relics. The inevitable trend and contingency show no dialectical unity, and there is no direct and sufficient evidence for the existence and historical deeds of the Yellow Emperor. Therefore, if the major premise does not exist, then the probability of the minor premise is almost zero, and the Yellow Emperor and history are limited to legends, then the existence of the Huangdi Mausoleum is based on a hypothesis and legend, and its objectivity and authenticity are even less verified by effective evidence.
However, the exhibition of contingency does not affect or change the inevitable trend. The existence of the five Mausoleums of the Yellow Emperor in China provides accidental objective reality, and it is also the ideological sustenance and spiritual sublimation of the ancestors of the Yellow Emperor's humanistic civilization. It is also China people's admiration and worship of Xuanyuan Huangdi through public sacrifices and ancestor worship ceremonies, and it is also the strength to carry forward Chinese culture and unite Chinese children.
It doesn't matter whether the Huangdi Mausoleum exists or not. What is important is that the Chinese nation has a spiritual home and a return to civilization. The 5,000-year-old Chinese civilization, represented by Xuanyuan Huangdi, has its origins and places of discovery, and has also formed the inheritance and development of its origins. In the hearts of every generation of Chinese sons and daughters, and in the souls of every Chinese descendant, the Yellow Emperor inspired the Chinese nation to work hard for the great rejuvenation of the Chinese dream, forge ahead courageously, and promote the endless prosperity of Chinese civilization.