(Shaanxi Xixian Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources 7 10054)
Geological data is an important part of the whole social information resources. With the increasing social demand for geological data information resources, higher and higher requirements are put forward for social service and resource enjoyment of geological data. However, at present, there are some main problems in China's geological data service, such as imperfect service system, relevant policies, regulations and management methods that need to be revised and improved urgently, insufficient geological data resources, backward service methods, insufficient number of service personnel and single skills. In view of the existing problems, this paper puts forward corresponding suggestions and measures.
Keywords: geological data service suggestions
1 Present situation of geological data service at home and abroad
Geological data, especially geological data, as an important part of the whole social information resources, have become indispensable national resources, enterprise economic resources and social and cultural resources in economic construction and scientific and cultural undertakings.
1. 1 foreign situation
At present, countries around the world pay more and more attention to the development, integration, utilization and service of geological data information. The United States, Canada, Australia and other countries regard geological data and data information as national strategic and public welfare information resources, invest huge manpower, capital and technical strength in systematic resource construction of geological data, and provide information services such as data query, information release, graphic and image information processing services, geology and minerals, resource and environment consultation, etc., and give full play to the comprehensive promotion of geological data and information to national economic and social development.
1.2 domestic situation
With the deepening of the reform of China's geological exploration management system and mineral development system, the investors are increasingly diversified, especially under the new situation of China's rapid economic development, the service field of geological work is constantly expanding, and the importance of geological data information has aroused widespread concern and recognition. The demand for geological data information resources is increasing, and the requirements for social service and resource enjoyment of geological data are increasing. The demand mechanism of geological achievements has changed, from the past supply mechanism to the demand mechanism, aiming at meeting the needs of different users.
Over the years, the leaders of the state, ministries and bureaus have attached great importance to improving the management and service level of geological data. In 2006, the State Council's "Decision on Strengthening Geological Work" listed "promoting the development and utilization of geological data" as one of the six major tasks of geological work in the new period, requiring "to establish and improve the geological data information sharing and socialized service system, accelerate the use of modern information technology, and build a national geological data center and a global environmental information service system for mineral resources exploration and development investment. Strictly implement the geological data collection system, carry out special cleaning of geological data, promote the research and development of geological data, give full play to the role of existing geological data, and avoid duplication of work and waste of data. " In 2009, Xu, Party Secretary and Minister of the Ministry of Land and Resources, put forward the requirements of "strengthening information services, better developing and utilizing geological data, and striving to form a cluster effect and form a geological data information service industry" when inspecting the China Geological Survey. This year, China will comprehensively start the clustering and industrialization of geological data information services.
2. The main problems of geological data service in China.
In order to realize the strategic public service goal of the National Geological Survey for the whole national economic and social development, since the launch of the new round of large-scale survey in 1999, China Geological Survey has vigorously promoted the collection, management and service of geological data, changed the service mode and improved the service efficiency while deploying large-scale national geological survey projects such as basic geology, strategic mineral resources and environmental geological disasters. Promote the informatization of the main process of geological survey, form geological data resources mainly based on basic geological database and achievement geological data, and provide a large number of useful basic geological data for national and regional economic and social development. However, the service of geological data is still unsatisfactory, and the service level is far from that of the United States and other foreign countries. Mainly reflected in the following points.
2. 1 The geological data management and service system is not perfect.
At present, China's geological data management is managed by national and provincial governments. The national geological survey data are kept and served by the Development Research Center (National Geological Archives) under the China Geological Survey and six regional geological survey centers. At the same time, there is also a geological data management and service mechanism operated by industry departments (petroleum, coal, nuclear industry, nonferrous metals, metallurgy, building materials, etc.). ). In the actual operation of the current management system, the responsibilities and authorities are not clear enough, resulting in practical problems such as multi-head management, cross-management, or poor business relations, which directly affects the management, development and utilization of materials.
2.2 Relevant policies, regulations and management measures need to be revised and improved.
In 2002, China promulgated the Regulations on the Management of Geological Data (Order No.349 of the State Council), and in 2003, the Ministry of Land and Resources promulgated the Measures for the Implementation of the Regulations on the Management of Geological Data (Order No.0/6 of the Ministry of Land and Resources). Subsequently, the Ministry of Land and Resources and China Geological Survey formulated a series of relevant laws and regulations, forming the current legal system of geological data management and socialized service in China.
However, with the rapid development of China's economy and society and the gradual advancement of various reform measures, the original laws and regulations have not adapted to the scientific development of modern economy and society, the management mechanism of geological data and the social needs of geological data. ② Lack of operational implementation rules and technical requirements. The scope, content and method of socialized service are not clearly defined, the product price mechanism is not perfect, there is no unified charging standard and norm in the service charging countries, there is no standard for deleting classified geographic information elements, and it is difficult to operate and grasp in practice; The submission of original geological data and physical geological data lacks operational methods, which restricts the development of geological data service.
2.3 Geological data resources are not enough to meet social needs.
2.3. 1 The collection resources are insufficient.
Due to the restriction of the system and the interests of departments, units and individuals, some geological data remitters (especially those who undertake commercial geological work and industrial geological prospecting units) failed to remit the data in time with good quality and quantity, and even a considerable part of the data were scattered in the hands of departments, enterprises or individuals for a long time. A large number of databases and software were not submitted to the state in time, which led to insufficient accumulation of geoscience data information resources in China.
2.3.2 Data resources are becoming increasingly insufficient.
Although the national and provincial geological archives have actively carried out the digitization of geological data since 10, the degree of digitization of geological data is still low and the speed is slow. Up to now, nearly 60% of paper materials have yet to be digitized. The newly formed geological data digital resources (electronic files) have the problems of low exchange rate and poor quality; On the other hand, there are many shortcomings in the construction of geoscience database, such as the connection problem of1:200,000 geological map database, one database with one service system, no complete product catalogue, multiple registrations, lack of professional information updating mechanism and different implementation standards, which leads to heterogeneous complexity and is not conducive to data integration, deep processing and development.
2.3.3 Geological raw data application resources are insufficient.
The original geological data in China have been kept by the geological work undertakers, which leads to the scattered management of the original geological survey data. There is no clear requirement for the content and specific way of important original geological intersection, which directly affects the direct utilization of original geological data.
2.4 The service mode needs to be improved.
At present, the socialized service mode of geological data in China is the coexistence of tradition and modernity, with traditional service as the main service. In recent years, the basic online services of national geological archives, regional geological survey archives and some provincial libraries have made some progress, which can provide directory service, metadata service of some geological data, query, browse and download of small-scale geological maps and a small number of database data, while the services of main geological databases are still offline services. Moreover, it is understood that at present, the management and service of geological data in many geological prospecting units in northwest provinces are still dominated by traditional methods, and the daily borrowing, utilization and archiving are mainly manual operations, which is not conducive to the establishment of service cluster mechanism.
2.5 Geological data information service team is weak.
For a long time, geological data managers have been accustomed to the traditional passive service mode, and many people think that geological data management service personnel have low skill requirements and become places for arranging personnel; Some geological data service personnel with professional knowledge of geology, due to the lack of field practical experience and limited comprehensive professional knowledge, are difficult to grasp some hot and difficult problems in geological work, resulting in low utilization rate of geological data development. With the advent of the information age and the progress of science and technology, it has brought new challenges to information service personnel.
In addition, the number of geological data information service personnel is seriously insufficient. Professional technicians engaged in data processing and information dissemination in the United States and Britain account for 6.5% and 12.5% of the total number of geological survey teams, respectively, while those engaged in data information work in China Geological Survey only account for10.5%, and less than 1% in other geological prospecting units.
3. Suggestions on strengthening the socialized service of geological data
3. 1 straighten out the management relationship and build a unified socialized service system.
Constructing a complete socialized service system is the fundamental guarantee to improve the socialized service level of geological data. The relationship between management and service is complementary. Management is for better service, and service reflects the level of management. Management mechanism and service system are the premise and foundation of the work. It is suggested that the Ministry of Land and Resources and the Bureau of Geological Exploration set up special institutions to build this system. Under the current system, the service function, service object, service content and service mode of regional center geological data of Ministry, province and geological survey bureau are clearly defined. For example, the national geological survey data (three types of data) are managed and served by China Geological Survey in a unified way, the information management department of the Ministry strengthens the management of commercial geological data, and cooperates with geological prospecting units to form an effective cluster system and improve the social service level of geological data.
3.2 Revise, supplement and improve relevant laws and policies.
Accelerate the introduction of specific measures for the submission of important original geological data and physical geological data and technical standards for the submission of database geological data; Unified revision and improvement of relevant regulations on social access, reproduction and utilization of geological data, clear service scope, service content and service mode, and enhance operability.
3.3 Establish an effective service model
Service mode is the general name of the production and exchange forms of service products. Geological data service should focus on the production and exchange of service products, give full play to the social service function of geological data, and release its potential economic and social benefits.
3.3. 1 Make full use of modern technical means to improve modern service level.
Foreign geological survey institutions attach great importance to the development of modern geological data service systems, technologies and standards. The technologies developed mainly include distributed database technology, Web GIS technology, standards-based Web service technology, cross-system platform data exchange and transmission technology, metadata technology, website design technology and standards-based interoperability technology.
On the basis of absorbing foreign experience, combined with the present situation of geological data service in China, we will focus on speeding up the construction of geological data center and geological data query service platform, and form modern service modes such as Internet-based network dynamic connection technology, catalogue query retrieval system, thematic information browsing query retrieval system, network mapping system and one-stop service system.
To improve the retrieval and utilization service mode, we must actively promote the informatization construction of geological data, strive to apply GIS technology, database technology and network technology, improve the utilization rate of geological data in collection, and realize the innovation of geological data management mode; Make full use of the wide, open and dynamic characteristics of the network, provide directory retrieval and public information inquiry, publish characteristic geological information regularly or irregularly, and compile1:50,000, 1: 1 10,000,1:250,000, 60.
3.3.2 Increase collaborative services and promote geological data information cluster services.
Supported by fast and convenient information technology, through internal and external networks, e-government and other technical means, the business of all walks of life will be linked to form a multi-faceted, multi-sectoral and multi-level social service network to realize resource sharing. * * * Enjoy a combination of offline and online services. Offline services mainly provide data processing and media replication services for users who come to ask for information; Online service mainly provides information retrieval and data download services for the general public and registered users through the geological data sharing service network (national, regional and provincial), and answers users' questions and responds to users' data service requests by means of e-mail, fax and telephone.
3.3.3 Accelerate the research on the development and utilization of geological data, and give full play to the potential value of existing library materials.
For a long time, the secondary development and utilization of geological data has been a research topic for geologists and geological data managers, and it is still an important means to improve the service level of geological data in the new period. The State Council's "Decision on Strengthening Geological Work" clearly stated that "promoting the development and utilization of geological data" is one of the six major tasks of strengthening geological work. Therefore, it is necessary to constantly improve service skills, change passive service into active service, increase publicity, give full play to the potential role of geological data, provide special services and special service products as needed, and provide services for national key geological projects, local economic construction and government decision support.
3.4 Strengthen the construction of geological data infrastructure and information service team.
Increase investment in the management and maintenance of geological data, speed up the digitalization of geological data and the construction of geoscience basic database; Strengthen the supervision of geological data exchange and promote geological data information service.
On the one hand, the construction of information service team should strengthen the current personnel quality training and knowledge updating training, not only the training of geological data management knowledge and related laws, regulations and standards, but also the training and learning of comprehensive knowledge such as geology, computer application technology and archival science to adapt to the new changes and new needs of geological data work; On the other hand, we should attach importance to the work of geological data and information, allocate sufficient human resources, attract compound, high-level and innovative talents, improve the team structure and enhance the service level of comprehensive development and utilization of geological data and information.
refer to
Yao Huajun. Thoughts on promoting the public service of geological data. Geological bulletin, 2009.28 (2 ~ 3): 359 ~ 365.
Zhang, Bu Xiaoping, Hou Rongjiu, et al. Preliminary study on formulating socialized service methods for geological data. Science and technology management, 2007 (24):141~144.
Xin Jisheng. On geological data management and social service. Land and Resources Information, 2008 (11): 47 ~ 51.
Yan Shiqiang, Pang Zhenshan. Problems and countermeasures of geological data service in China. Proceedings of the 6th National Symposium on Geological Archives.