Thistle: According to historical records, after the destruction of Shang Dynasty, Emperor Yao was given, followed by thistle, which was called Yan. Another way of saying it is that there was Yan State before the Zhou Dynasty, followed by Yan State and Ji State, with its capital, which is the predecessor of Beijing now. After Qin destroyed Yan, Jixian County was built, so its address is in Beijing today.
Youzhou: One of the ancient Kyushu. The name of Youzhou was first seen in Shangshu Shundian: "Yan is called Youzhou." Youzhou was established in the Han, Wei, Jin and Tang Dynasties, and all of them ruled in today's Beijing area. Yan Dou: It was named after the ancient capital of Yan State. Among the Seven Heroes of the Warring States Period, there is the State of Yan, which is said to be named after its proximity to Yanshan Mountain, and its capital is called "Yan Dou". Later, it was often used as another name for Beijing in some ancient books. In 1980s, a Beijing literature and history publication was published with the name of Yan Dou.
Sunset: It first appeared in the Book of Jin. Yingchuan is very close to Jindu Luoyang, so it is called sunset. Wang Bo, a poet in the late Tang Dynasty, said in Preface to Wang Teng-ting that "at dusk, I look at Chang 'an, and on the clouds, I see Wu Hui", which is the allusion used, and from then on, I called "sunset" the national capital. Zhu Yizun's Old News of the Sun and Textual Research on Old News of the Sun in Qing Dynasty, written in the Qianlong period, both mentioned Beijing. Youdu: Youdu County was established in the Tang Dynasty, and Youdu Mansion was also established in the Liao Dynasty, ruling today's Beijing area.
Yanjing: In the second year of Gan Yuan, Tang Suzong (759), Shi Siming called himself Yan Di and took Fan Yang (now Zhuozhou, Hebei) as Yanjing. After the Anshi Rebellion was settled, Yanjing went on strike. Although the official name of post-Beijing has been changed many times, Yanjing is widely used. This is also the most commonly used nickname in Beijing.
Chunmingmen: Originated in the Tang Dynasty, the main entrance (East Gate) of Chang 'an, the capital of the Tang Dynasty, is called Chunmingmen. The ancients believed that the East dominated spring, and later generations took Chunming as another name for the capital. After Beijing became the capital, it was also called Chunming. This is what A Qing writer Sun Chengze wrote "wet dream in the Spring".
Capital: Before the first year of Tang Tianbao (742), Chang 'an was called the capital. After Beijing became the capital, it was also called the capital, which is also the most commonly used synonym for people to call Beijing.
Nanjing: In the first year of Liao Huitong (938), the original Youzhou was upgraded to Youdu House, and Nanjing, also known as Yanjing, was built as the capital of Liao. At that time, the capital of Liao was in Beijing (now south of Bahrain Zuoqi, Inner Mongolia).
Yanshan Mountains: In the 4th year of Xuanhe in the Northern Song Dynasty (1 123), Song and Jin jointly conquered Liao and captured Yanjing. After the Song and Jin Dynasties made peace, Yanjing returned to the Northern Song Dynasty and built Yanshan House (because it was near the foot of Yanshan Mountain), so Yanjing was also called Yanshan.
Zhongdu: In the sixth year of Song Xuanhe (1 125), the Jin people invaded south and occupied the Yanshan House in Song Dynasty. In the first year of Jin Zhenyuan (1 153), Jin people moved their capital to Yanjing, renamed Zhongdu, and ruled southwest Beijing today.
Daxing: Jin changed Yanjing to Zhongdu, and set up Daxing House, which is located in the southeast of Beijing.
Dadu: A new city was rebuilt around Jinligong (now Beihai Park) in the Yuan Dynasty, and it was renamed Dadu in the 9th year of Yuan Dynasty (1272).
Kan baruch: In the Yuan Dynasty, most Mongolians called it Kan baruch, and Mongolians called it "Khan City", where Khan lived. So after the Yuan Dynasty made Beijing its capital, it was also called Kan baruch, and Kyle Poirot called Dadu (Beijing) Kan baruch in his travel notes.
Beiping: In the first year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (1368), after Zhu Yuanzhang destroyed the Yuan Dynasty, the capital of the Yuan Dynasty was renamed Beiping in order to record its achievements in pacifying the North.
Beijing: In the first year of Yongle in Ming Dynasty (1403), after Judy (Ming Chengzu) proclaimed himself emperor, she changed the fief of Beiping to Shuntianfu, built Beijing City and moved the capital here, which was the beginning of the official name of Beijing.
Shi Jing: Ming Chengzu moved to Beijing in the 18th year of Yongle (1420) and renamed it Shi Jing until the Qing Dynasty. The word "Shi Jing" first appeared in The Book of Songs Daya Gong Liu, and later generations called the capital Shi Jing. There is also a saying that Fengxiang in Shaanxi has mountains called Beijing and water called teachers. Because both Zhou Wenwang and King Wu established their capitals here, they were named Shi Jing, and later Shi Jing was regarded as the representative of the capital.
Wan Ping: This is a general term for Beijing by old Beijingers. In fact, Wanping county governance in Ming and Qing Dynasties is only the southwest of Beijing today.
Jingzhao: In the second year of the Republic of China (19 13), Shuntianfu was abandoned, and the next year, Jingzhao was placed in the middle of Zhili. In the seventeenth year of the Republic of China, Jingzhao was abolished and Beijing was changed to Beiping.
Besides, there are other nicknames in Beijing, such as Yang Guang, Zhuo Jun, Yuyang, Xijing and Shuntianfu.