Jiang Chengzi ① Recorded a dream on the night of the 20th day of the first lunar month of Yi Mao ②
Su Shi of the Song Dynasty
Ten years of life and death are uncertain.
If you don’t think about it, you will never forget it.
Thousands of miles away, there is a solitary grave, and there is no place to speak of desolation.
Even if we meet each other, we should not know each other, our faces are covered with dust and our temples are like frost.
When night comes, I suddenly return home with a deep dream.
Xiaoxuan window, dressing up.
We looked at each other without words, only a thousand lines of tears.
It is expected that the broken heart will be cut off every year. On a bright moonlit night, there will be short pines.
Author
Su Shi, 1036-1101, also known as Zizhan, also known as Dongpo Jushi. A native of Meishan (now part of Sichuan). He was a Jinshi in the Renzong Dynasty of the Song Dynasty. He once knew Mizhou, Xuzhou, Huzhou, Yingzhou, Hangzhou and other places, and he was the minister of the Ministry of Rites. His career was full of ups and downs: during the Shenzong period, he was demoted to Huangzhou for "composing poems to slander the imperial court"; during the Zhezong period, he was banished to Huizhou and Danzhou for "writing poems to slander the imperial court". His posthumous title was Wenzhong. He was the most famous writer in the Song Dynasty, and his poetry, lyrics and prose were all unique. His poems are majestic, broad and outstanding, setting a new style apart from the traditional style of Huajian poems. He also used poetry to enter poetry, opened up the realm of poetry, respected the style of poetry, and made many innovations in the poetry world of the Northern Song Dynasty
Notes
① Also known as "Jiang Shenzi". Double tone, seven crosses, flat rhyme. ②Yimao: the eighth year of Xining (1075).
This poem is a memorial poem written by Su Shi, a famous poet of the Northern Song Dynasty, who dreamed of his beloved wife who died young and has been passed down through the ages.
When Dongpo was nineteen years old, he married Wang Fu, who was sixteen years old. Wang Fu is young and beautiful, his servant is respectful, he is gentle and virtuous to the poet, and he is deeply affectionate. It is a pity that the loving couple did not end, and Wang Fu died young when he lived to be twenty-seven years old. When Dongpo lost such a lover, one can imagine the deep pain in his heart and the mental shock. In the eighth year of Xining (1075), Dongpo came to Mizhou. On the 20th of the first month of this year, he dreamed of his beloved wife Wang, so he wrote the above poem.
This poem is "remembering a dream", and the inscription clearly states the day of the dream, so it can be confirmed that the author's "dream" is real and not a lie. It is said to be "remembering dreams", but in fact only the five sentences in the second part are about dreams, and the rest are all about expressing feelings and sorrow. The writing is sincere and simple, painful and touching.
"Ten years of life and death are boundless. If you don't think about it, you will never forget it." These three sentences are straight to the point, extremely general, and deeply touching. If we break up alive, even if the mountains are far away and the world is vast, there is always hope and opportunity to meet again. But now, it is across the boundary between life and death. The dead are ignorant of the world, but the living are ignorant of the dead. , isn’t it the same? ! The loving couple parted ways forever. Time flew by and ten years passed by. Although people are gone, the beautiful scenes in the past are "unforgettable"! But why add "without thinking"? This is not a contradiction, on the contrary it is a plus because it is true! In the ten years after Wang Fu's death, Dongpo was suppressed politically because he opposed Wang Anshi's new law, and he felt sad and angry. After he took office in Mizhou, he encountered bad years and was busy dealing with government affairs. His life was so difficult that he could only eat wolfberry to survive. With his stepmother Wang Runzhi (Wang Fu's cousin) and his son by his side, how could he keep his long-dead wife in his heart every day, every day, every day? Not always in suspense does not mean that you have forgotten it! The ten-year death anniversary is a day that touches people's hearts. The past suddenly comes to mind, and the emotional undercurrent that has been stored in the heart for a long time suddenly opens like a floodgate, rushing unstoppably. If there is a dream, it is real and natural. Thinking of the death of my lover, I am filled with emotions. Thousands of miles away, there is no place to speak desolately and painfully. If the grave is close to you and is separated by life and death, can it be desolate? This is a silly and loving word that erases the boundary between life and death, so I find it particularly touching.
"Even if we meet, we should not know each other, our faces will be covered with dust, and our temples will be as frosty." These three sentences confuse reality with dreams, and include all kinds of personal worries and indignation after death, including the aging of the face. , in the decay of the body. Dongpo was only forty years old this year, and he was already "as frosty" on his temples. It is obvious that she has passed away for ten years, but she wants to "even meet again" and bring her lover back to life. This is an impossible assumption. The feelings are deep and sad. It shows the deep miss for her lover and also puts her personal feelings into it. The changes are vividly described, which makes the meaning of this poem even deeper.
For "Remembering Dreams", the first five sentences of the second part are the key to the title. Wandering outside, Xue Ni Hongzhao, with the wings of dreams, suddenly returned to the hometown he was thinking of. Hometown, the place where I spent the sweet years with my lover, the window of the small room is friendly and familiar. As for her, her appearance and mood are vaguely like those of the past, and she is dressing up. When the husband and wife met, there was no intimacy like reunion after a long separation, but "they looked at each other without words, only a thousand lines of tears"! "Speechless". It contains thousands of words and expresses the deep and painful feeling of "silence is better than sound at this time". If we complain to each other about our respective separations and reminisce about each other, where will we start talking about it? ! A dream brings back the past, but the beautiful scenes of that year no longer exist. This is to dissolve the feelings of reality into the dream, making this dream feel infinitely desolate!
The last three sentences fall from dream to reality.
"On a bright moonlit night, short pine hills", what a lonely and lonely environment! The author imagines that the lover who is sleeping underground will be heartbroken in order to be attached to the world and unable to leave his loved ones on this day when they die year after year, right? !