the significance of protecting cultural heritage
in the process of globalization and modernization, cultural heritage has been violently impacted by social transformation, and some are facing extinction. Many nation-states have gradually lost their autonomy and identity in culture and become spiritual? Wanderer? . Only by identifying and analyzing cultural heritage and exploring its cultural information and significance can we continuously strengthen our recognition of our national culture, cast the national spirit of the new era and support people's spiritual pillar in modern society. Therefore, the scientific implementation of cultural heritage protection is an inevitable cultural demand for modern countries to publicize their national spirit and carry out independent and sustainable development.
Keeping pace with the times in chinese heritage
Cultural heritage is the deposit and crystallization created by ancestors, which engraves the code of a nation's cultural life, contains the unique spiritual mechanism, way of thinking, imagination and cultural consciousness of the nation, and is the basic basis for safeguarding cultural identity and cultural sovereignty. The essential stipulation and embodiment of human being is to build a cultural world with its creative practice. Looking at culture at a certain moment means looking at a certain group formed by previous cultures? Cultural heritage? , that is, a living cultural model. Cultural heritage is an information database of human activities and a scroll to show human civilization.
cultural heritage not only has historical value, but also contains some inspiration for the future development trend. Protecting cultural heritage embodies human consciousness of subjectivity, intersubjectivity and historicity in a cultural sense.
After mankind entered the modern society, the process of social modernization accelerated, which seriously impacted the preservation of cultural heritage. The transformation of modernity in traditional society has caused sharp contradiction with the protection of cultural heritage, and economic globalization has hindered the prosperity of cultural diversity. However, modernity consciousness also promotes the protection of world cultural heritage.
On November 16th, 1972, the 17th General Conference of UNESCO adopted the Convention for the Protection of World Cultural and Natural Heritage, which made the protection of cultural heritage a direct global action. This document divides the world heritage into natural and cultural categories. Cultural heritage refers to all kinds of cultural relics, buildings and sites with outstanding universal value from the perspectives of history, art, science or aesthetics, ethnology and anthropology. Natural heritage refers to all kinds of natural features, geology and natural geographical structures with outstanding universal value from the perspective of aesthetics, science and protection, as well as natural areas clearly divided into threatened animal and plant ecological areas and natural scenic spots. Natural heritage also has full cultural significance and can be regarded as cultural heritage in a broad sense.
On October 17th, 23, the 32nd General Conference of UNESCO adopted the Convention for the Protection of Intangible Cultural Heritage, which divided the narrow sense of cultural heritage into two categories: material cultural heritage and intangible cultural heritage. The former is a cultural relic with historical, artistic and scientific value; The latter is? Various social practices, ideas, expressions, knowledge and skills, as well as related tools, objects, handicrafts and cultural sites, which are regarded by various communities, groups and sometimes individuals as part of their cultural heritage? .
In 1987, the Great Wall, the Forbidden City in Ming and Qing Dynasties, the Peking Man Site in Zhoukoudian, the Terracotta Warriors and Horses Pit of Qin Shihuang Mausoleum and Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes were listed as world cultural heritage for the first time. In the same year, Taishan Scenic Area was elected as the first world cultural and natural heritage in China. In 1992, Jiuzhaigou, Wulingyuan and Huanglong scenic spots were listed as world natural heritage. In 1996, Lushan was rated as a world cultural landscape; In 21, Kunqu Opera was designated as the intangible cultural heritage of mankind by the United Nations for the first time? The value and significance of these cultural heritages in China are recognized and praised by the world. Among them, Mogao Grottoes obtained? Pearl of oriental art? Jiuzhaigou is known as? Fairy tale world? Is there a pit of terracotta warriors and horses in Qin Shihuang's mausoleum? The eighth wonder of the world? The reputation of Kunqu Opera is considered as China? The father and teacher of all kinds of dramas? . In July, 24, the 28th World Heritage Conference was held in Suzhou, China. At that time, China had 3 world heritages, which made it the top three countries with the largest number of world cultural heritages after Spain and Italy. Since joining the Convention for the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage in 1985, there are 37 world heritage representatives in China. Among them, there are 23 cultural heritages, 5 natural heritages, 4 cultural and natural heritages, 1 cultural landscape and 4 intangible cultural heritages.
chinese heritage protection has entered a new stage. First, the state attaches great importance to it. On February 8, 26, the State Council issued the Notice on the Protection of Cultural Heritage. Second, the whole people are beginning to know each other. The second Saturday of June every year becomes? Chinese heritage Day? . Third, the organization has been established. China Intangible Cultural Heritage Protection Center was formally established on September 14th this year. Fourth, special laws are brewing. China's Intangible Cultural Heritage Protection Law has been included in the legislative plan in 27. The protection work in chinese heritage has been carried out in depth, and the government has invested a lot of manpower and material resources. With the active efforts of professionals and the public, the protection of cultural heritage has become a steady development cause. Accordingly, it is of great significance to strengthen the publicity of chinese heritage's protection.
Publicizing the protection of cultural heritage is conducive to displaying the long history and culture of the Chinese nation and inspiring the national spirit.
Chinese culture and civilization are unique landscapes in the history of world civilization. It stretches for 5, years, is extensive and profound, and has tenacious vitality and self-renewal ability. In the history of thousands of years of civilization development, the Chinese nation has created an extremely splendid culture and made great contributions to world culture. For example, in terms of sports culture, ancient Greek and western cultures gave birth to the Olympic Movement, while China's traditional competitive sports such as Tai Ji Chuan, martial arts, acrobatics,? Cuju? 、? Bok? It embodies the basic concepts of Chinese traditional culture, such as the cosmology of the unity of man and nature, philosophical sports and ideas, the ethics of valuing harmony, and the creed of vigorous and self-improvement. It is this cultural heritage that strengthens the position of the Chinese nation in the history of world sports. It is with this spiritual wealth that China's bid for the Olympic Games has a trump card.
China is rich in cultural heritage resources. According to the figures released by the Ministry of Culture not long ago, there are nearly 4, immovable cultural relics registered in Chinese mainland, and there are more than 2 million movable cultural relics. There are 2,352 key cultural relics protection units and 13 historical and cultural cities in China. These cultural heritages reflect the profound civilization of the Chinese nation and its great contribution to human culture, and set up the generation style of the Chinese nation.
By protecting the cultural heritage of our country, tracing back the wisdom and creativity of our ancestors, and examining the history and future of Chinese civilization, we can enhance our national self-confidence, pride and sense of urgency to keep pace with the times, invigorate our national will and arouse our national spirit. Publicizing the protection of national cultural heritage is to show the glorious and long-lasting cultural creation of the Chinese nation in history, to show the spiritual outlook of our country in the process of modernization, and to hold high the spiritual banner of China people in the world.
publicizing the protection of cultural heritage to the outside world is conducive to showing Socialism with Chinese characteristics's modernization road
Social modernization and economic globalization are irreversible development trends in the world today. This is the performance of human progress under the dual effects of scientific and technological revolution and market economic mechanism. However, modernization and globalization do not lead to perfect world harmony. At first, they advocated western cultural centralism and sought a westernized world system. The main theoretical viewpoints here are: Tradition And? Modern? Unrelated and diametrically opposed to each other; The overall development trend of society is to evolve to modernization along the same and linear road; Developing countries can accelerate their progress through exchanges with developed societies; Western developed countries are the highest stage in the development sequence, and their historical experience shows the road to modernity. 1
In practice, under the impetus of its economic strength, the western strong culture is expanding outward day by day, advancing on the weak culture, infiltrating values into backward countries, spreading the superiority theory of ethnic culture, and distorting the scientific view of history and development.
through the preservation, collation, recording and analysis of the world cultural heritage, taking into account the vitality and ways of life continuation of different nationalities and cultures, and comparing the characteristics, dimensions and functions of various cultural models, we can give them a reasonable position in the coordinates of modernization and globalization, promote the peaceful coexistence of various cultures and learn from each other, and advocate a pluralistic, harmonious development of cultural concepts and civilized relations.
in terms of cultural heritage, the international understanding of cultural heritage has generally gone through three stages. In the first stage, people understood the cultural heritage from the sense of nationalism, closely combined it with the nation-state and national identity, and cultural heritage became one of the manifestations of political identity. In the second stage, people began to transcend the position of nationality and national identity, adjust the relationship between cultural nationalism and cultural globalism, and change to the understanding of the cultural heritage of the world and all mankind. In the third stage, after recognizing the theoretical defects and practical harm of cultural centralism, multiculturalism rose. People realize that no matter what characteristics a culture has, it is bound to have some elements that human beings enjoy. The diverse cultures produced in the history of different cultures and social systems are an important source of enlightening people's thoughts and promoting the development of civilization.
Cultural patterns determine the different development paths of each nation and country, and different development paths are reflected by cultural diversity. Cultural diversity is manifested as different modernization models in modern society, so different modernization models have profound historical and cultural basis. This profound historical and cultural basis is reflected in the existing cultural heritage. Protecting cultural heritage means linking the development path of our nation and showing our own characteristics.
to publicize the protection of cultural heritage, that is, to explain to the world the characteristics of China's modernization road and cultural style. In China, this will stop at publicizing the protection of cultural heritage and showing the cultural details of our socialist modernization and peaceful development.
publicizing the protection of cultural heritage to the outside world is conducive to showing that China's Scientific Outlook on Development
cultural heritage, as a symbol carrier of human history and civilization, is an objective record of human activities in its original era, which is scarce, unique and non-renewable. Cultural heritage must be effectively protected, so that human civilization can continue. However, acts of ignoring or even destroying cultural heritage for the sake of economic development have occurred frequently.
What are the five listed in the 1996 Human Development Report? Growth without development? In the phenomenon of rootless growth (rootless? Growth (that is, economic growth that destroys culture and reduces people's quality of life) and futureless growth (that is, economic growth that causes resource and environmental pollution and ecological damage) are criticisms of the practice of blindly sacrificing the environment (historical and humanistic environment) to reduce people's quality of life in exchange for economic growth regardless of the protection of cultural heritage. How to protect cultural heritage and how to coordinate with economic development is becoming a worldwide problem.
China recognized the value of cultural heritage earlier and strengthened its protection and collection. After the founding of New China, the cultural heritage protection system has formed a multi-level system, which focuses on the protection of cultural relics (later added the protection of famous historical and cultural cities as an important content) and then turned to historical and cultural protection areas. At present, China is making great efforts to build a cultural heritage protection system, including a set of measures in technology and legal system, with the aim of handling the relationship between history and development.
the most valuable legacy of cultural heritage is that its subject and expression exist at the same time, so people can see a cultural life phenomenon intuitively and uniformly? A living culture. People can understand the meaning and value of cultural heritage through dialogue, communication, participation, experience and learning with inheritors, and get real feelings, education and insights from it.
? The essence of historical spirit lies not in the repair of past things, but in the thinking communication with real life. ? This is the basic social function of cultural heritage industry in an ideal situation, and it is also the significance that we must protect its authenticity. The purpose of protection is to develop, to make human life happier and to create more and more advanced civilizations. This is also the proper meaning of China's current advocacy of Scientific Outlook on Development.
to guide the protection of cultural heritage with Scientific Outlook on Development is to correctly estimate the natural damage degree of cultural heritage, correctly calculate the reasonable carrying capacity of the environment, correctly evaluate the technical requirements for excavating cultural heritage, and protect and utilize cultural heritage in a planned, scientific and reasonable way, so that the protection of cultural heritage can promote economic development. In this way, we can publicize the protection of chinese heritage to the outside world, and show Scientific Outlook on Development like us to the world intuitively.
publicizing the protection of cultural heritage to the outside world is conducive to showing China's harmonious ethnic and international relations
The relatively stable existence form of culture is the cultural model, and the main body of the cultural model is a specific ethnic group. China is a multi-ethnic country, and ethnic relations can be reflected as cultural relations. Through the protection and development of cultural heritage, the exchange and integration of multi-ethnic cultures in China can be reproduced, thus reflecting the multi-ethnic and international cultural origin of China.
UNESCO announced the third batch? Masterpieces of oral and intangible heritage of mankind? In,? China Xinjiang Uygur Muqam Art? And? Mongolian long-tune folk songs? On the list. The former is distributed in 19 countries and regions in Central Asia, South Asia, West Asia and North Africa. As the crystallization of music and dance cultural exchanges between the East and the West, it records and confirms the history of mutual communication and blending between music and dance cultures of different groups of people. ? Mongolian long-tune folk songs? It bears the history of the Mongolian nation and is a symbolic display of its production, life and spiritual character. As an existing cross-border cultural form, it is the first cultural heritage project jointly declared by China and foreign countries, and it is the spiritual wealth shared by the Chinese and Mongolian people.
At present, five Central Asian countries have expressed their willingness to? The Silk Road? As a joint declaration of cultural heritage protection projects. ? The Silk Road? It starts from Chang 'an (now Xi 'an), the ancient capital of China in the east, has more than 4, kilometers in China, and goes directly to Europe via South Asia and Central Asia in the west, with a total length of more than 7, kilometers. It is an important bridge to communicate the economic and cultural exchanges between ancient East and West, connecting ancient Chinese culture, Indian culture, Persian culture, Arabic culture and ancient Greek and Roman culture. Along this passage, China's papermaking, printing and gunpowder spread to the west, and western mathematics, medicine and astronomy were introduced to China. For such an important one? Cultural route? Protection should be strengthened. The Silk Road? Entering the world cultural heritage list should be well deserved. Officials of the UNESCO World Heritage Center also said that the world heritage of universal significance to mankind should transcend national boundaries.
Promote communication between China and other countries in the world through cultural exchanges with foreign countries.