It is said that the Tang Dynasty adopted a tolerant policy towards religion. Is this for or against? Try to evaluate the relevant historical facts.

I. Tang Wenhua's Introduction to the East A. Introduction The Tang Dynasty had outstanding martial arts and developed foreign exchanges. Chinese and foreign cultures have been widely developed and exchanged, which has the greatest influence on North Korea and Japan. The influence of the spread of Tang culture to the east on Korea and Japan is described as follows: B. Communication between Tang Dynasty and Korea A. Korea, Baekje, Silla and other places on the Korean Peninsula were influenced by Tang Wenhua. In Tang Gaozong, it supports Silla to unify the Korean peninsula, so it is the most Chinese. B Silla often sends envoys and students to China, and some even leave officials. 2. Impact 1. Political system: Silla was most influenced by Tang Wenhua, with as many as 100 students studying in China, and some even became officials in the Tang Dynasty. Therefore, Silla followed the political system of the Tang Dynasty and established administrative organizations from the central government to the local government. 2. Documents of imperial examination: The imperial examination in North Korea is based on China's ancient books > gt and ; As the main body, it can be seen that it is influenced by Tang Wenhua; The poems of Tang Dynasty poet Bai Juyi are more popular in Silla. 3. In writing calendars: North Korea has no characters. In the Tang Dynasty, Chinese characters created Korean vocabulary as notes, and Silla characters were actually transformed from China's pronunciation. In addition, the Silla calendar and laws are modeled after the Tang Dynasty. 4. Religious medicine: Buddhism sects prevailing in the Tang Dynasty, such as Tiantai Sect, Faxiang Sect and Zen Sect, are also very popular in North Korea. Silla is also known as>, < Soviet >> China's medical books are used as teaching materials, and China's medicine is introduced into North Korea. C. Traffic between Tang Dynasty and Japan 1. Communication 1. The Japanese sent envoys to China from the Eastern Han Dynasty, and sent "Tang envoys" to China more frequently in the Tang Dynasty. Accompanied by foreign students and monks, some of them went abroad after their studies, and some stayed for a long time or even took office. 2. In the Tang Dynasty, Jian Zhen and monks traveled to Japan, which not only introduced Buddhism to Japan, but also spread the techniques of architecture, sculpture and medicine in the Tang Dynasty, and made great contributions. 2. The influence of Tang Wenhua communication on Japan 1. Political system: Japanese students and envoys sent to study in the Tang Dynasty sent China's culture and laws and regulations back to Japan. Emperor Kotoku of Japan admired China's culture very much, so he imitated the political system of the Tang Dynasty and carried out a "great reform" to determine its official system, land system and criminal law. 2. In writing: Japanese student Kibi No Asomi Makibi made "katakana" with regular script Chinese characters; The monk Konghai adopted China cursive script and created Hiragana, which is the beginning of Japanese writing at present. 3. Religion: Jian Zhen, a famous monk in the Tang Dynasty, traveled to Japan and stayed in Japan for more than ten years. He not only introduced Buddhism, but also introduced knowledge about architecture, painting and herbs to Japan. Japanese scholars came to China to study Buddhism and sent it back to Japan, which made Buddhism gradually popular in Japanese society. 4. Culture: China's astronomical calendar, education, literature, art, production technology, clothing, entertainment, sitting and lying habits were also introduced to Japan in the Tang Dynasty; China's festivals and customs, such as Mid-Autumn Festival and New Year's Eve, have also spread to Japan. Kyoto and Nara in Japan were also built in imitation of Chang 'an in the Tang Dynasty. 5. Sending envoys to China: Japanese envoys have been sent to China for more than 200 years 19 times, including ambassadors, officials, students and doctors. They have made in-depth research on the politics, economy and culture of the Tang Dynasty, and they often spread it after returning to China. Two. Cultural exchanges between the Tang Dynasty and the Western Regions A. Introduction The foreign exchanges in the Tang Dynasty were very developed, Chinese culture was widely spread abroad, and foreign things were introduced into China in succession, which greatly promoted the diplomatic exchanges between China and the West. This paper describes the spread of Tang culture to the west and the influence of western culture on the Tang Dynasty: B. The spread of Tang culture to the west 1. The spread of silk products to the west: silk was the main export commodity in the Tang Dynasty, and the trade between China and the West was prosperous. China's silk weaving technology, such as pedal spinning wheel, printing and dyeing technology, was introduced to the west and India through western countries, and craftsmen of the Tang Dynasty also taught textile technology in Central Asia and West Asia, so the silk industry in Europe developed. 2. Papermaking spread to the west: Ten years after Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, the dispute between Tang and Dashi broke out. Tang Jun was defeated by Mahavamsa, and a large number of soldiers were captured, many of whom were papermaking craftsmen. Papermaking was introduced into history and then spread to Europe, which played a great role in the spread of European and world culture. 3. Spreading academic knowledge to the West: China characters and classics were introduced to Gaochang in the Tang Dynasty, and Gaochang's criminal law and marriage customs were mostly imitated by the Tang Dynasty. Some countries in the western regions, such as Shule and Yanqi, have also studied China's writing and customs and put on China's clothes. In Lu Si, archaeologists also found fragments of> and<> bamboo slips, showing that China's book culture was spread in the Tang Dynasty, and all the western countries, Tubo and Nanzhao sent governors to study in Chang 'an, making Chang 'an the center of study in the western regions at that time. 4. Spreading technology to the West: China's painting and textile methods spread to the West and prevailed in * * *. Indians followed China's example of cast iron and sinking. Silk, tea, paper and medicinal materials of the Tang Dynasty were also exported to the western regions, Tianzhu, Persia,  and other countries, and were resold to western countries through Persia. 5. Establishment of foreign trade institutions: With the rapid development of foreign trade, Tang set up a "trading company" in Guangzhou, an important port, and set up "trading companies" in Wuwei and Zhangye respectively to handle foreign trade. Chang 'an has also attracted many disciples from the western regions to study in China, making Chang 'an the center of economic and cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries. C. the influence of western culture on the tang dynasty 1. Property: Due to the trafficking of Persians, Uighurs and merchants, spices, medicines, corals, precious stones and fine horses from the western regions were imported into China, enriching the material life of the people of China. 2. Craft: The Tang Dynasty absorbed the glass-making technology of the western regions, which made the ceramics more exquisite and developed into "Three Colors of the Tang Dynasty". As for the silk fabrics of the Tang Dynasty, influenced by western culture, they often have Buddhist stories or portraits of Persian patterns. 3. Art: The paintings and sculptures in the Tang Dynasty were deeply influenced by Indian Buddhist art, which can be seen from the murals and sculptures in Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes. In addition, Hu Teng Dance, Hu Xuan Dance, Pipa, Gaochang Music and Tianzhu Music were popular in the Tang Dynasty, which fully reflected the influence of western culture on the art of the Tang Dynasty. 4. Religion: In the Tang Dynasty, China monks Xuanzang and Yijing went to Tianzhu to study Buddhist scriptures, which made Buddhism more popular in China. In addition, western religions, such as Nestorianism, Zoroastrianism, Manichaeism and * * * religion, were introduced to China at this time. 5. Literature: With the introduction of Buddhism, the legends and variations of novels in the Tang Dynasty are more abundant; In verse, due to the prevalence of music and the translation of Buddhist scriptures and Sanskrit, the rhyming method has been improved, which has affected the pursuit of metrical style in modern poetry. Three. The Influence of Xuanzang's Journey to the West on Sino-Indian Cultural Exchanges A. Introduction In the Tang Dynasty, the exchanges between China and the West were developed and the cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries flourished. Many monks seek dharma in India, the most important of which is Xuanzang's westward journey. This paper describes the course and influence of Xuanzang's journey to the west: b. 1 Hou. Xuanzang's real name was Chen, and he was from the end of Sui Dynasty. In the first year of Zhenguan (AD 627), Xuanzang set out from Chang 'an, passed through the sandbar, went out of Yumenguan, crossed the desert, crossed Yiwu and Gaochang, crossed the snowy mountains, and went through all kinds of obstacles to Tianzhu. 2. After arriving in Tianzhu, study Buddhist scriptures, pay tribute to Buddhist traces, go to Majiatuo country in Zhongtianzhu, enter Nalanduo Temple to worship Jiexian as a teacher, learn Buddhism and give lectures on behalf of the teacher. Later, she took part in a group of women's city debates hosted by the King of the Sun. In the 19th year of Zhenguan (AD 645), Xuanzang brought Buddhist scriptures back to Chang 'an. 3. After Xuanzang returned to China, he successively presided over the classic translation of Hongfu Temple and Ji 'an Temple. In nineteen years, he translated seventy-five classics with more than 1,300 volumes. Xuanzang even dictated his journey of seeking dharma in Tianzhu, which was written by his disciples. C. Impact 1. Promoting Chinese and foreign traffic: Xuanzang traveled west along Tianshan North Road to learn from the scriptures, and returned to Tianshan South Road, with footprints all over India, making great contributions to the development of Chinese and western traffic. 1. Promote cultural exchanges between China and India: Since Xuanzang, many people went to Tianzhu to seek dharma, which accelerated cultural exchanges between the two places. Such as sculpture, painting, architecture, medicine, astronomy and music, all come from India, and China's Tao Te Ching has also been translated into Sanskrit. 2. Introduce the culture of the Western Regions and South Asia: Xuanzang's "The Story of the Western Regions of Datang" introduced the social and cultural customs of the Western Regions and South Asia, which became an important material for the exchange between China and the West, contributed to the study of history and geography in later generations, and greatly increased the knowledge and experience of the people in this region. 3. Promoted the spread of Buddhism in China: Xuanzang brought back more than 600 classics to China, and later translated them in large quantities, and founded the "Faxiangzong", so China became the center of Buddhism. 4. Promote the spread of Buddhism in Central Asia: After Xuanzang returned to China, he engaged in the translation of scriptures, which attracted the attention of foreign eminent monks, and a large number of them came to China to study Buddhism, making China the center of Buddhist classics. Later, China spread Buddhism to North Korea and Japan, and China became the center of the spread of Buddhism in the Far East.