(1) refers to books, letters, etc. : closed book reading notes; Several secretaries thanked each other.
(2) refers to the old people engaged in official documents and secretarial work. A copywriter: He is a secretary.
(3) The principal leaders of Party organizations at all levels. China * * * Party Central Committee has a general secretary; The party's local committees at all levels, grass-roots committees, general branch committees and branch committees all have secretaries. Responsibility is to adhere to the party's basic line and implement the party's principles and policies; Grasp the correct political direction; Good at uniting a group of people in the Committee; Do a good job in party style construction, supervise and inspect the party's work. The relationship between the secretary and the Committee members is equal, and major issues are decided by the Committee through voting.
secretary
I. Definition of foreign countries
1. The definition of western developed countries. International Organization of Professional Secretaries (Professional Secretaries International)
It is a multinational secretarial organization based on developed countries such as Europe and America. Its definition of secretary is: "skilled office work ability, no need for superiors."
Supervise the responsible, proactive, capable and decisive deputy manager who can make correct decisions within the scope of authorization.
2. The definition of the former Soviet Union. It is believed that: "Secretary is an ordinary profession, and its function is mainly to provide auxiliary, transactional and
Information service. "Here mainly refers to the secretary, because the private secretary is not the main body, emphasizing the comprehensive auxiliary leadership and the secretary who serves the leadership.
Function. This definition is closer to China's situation.
3. Definition of Japan. Japanese scholars believe that secretaries are "staff who help and deal with all kinds of affairs"; There is also a popular saying: "A secretary is omnipotent.
Athletes. " This highlights that the secretary's work scope changes with the leader's work scope and is "endowed", which is difficult to define clearly.
At the same time, it also emphasizes the "directness" of the secretary serving the leaders. Japanese society is characterized by the blending of East and West, and it must be absolutely loyal to the leadership of the secretary.
The requirements are particularly strong.
* * * In the above foreign definitions: (1) A secretary is a social occupation, not just an official name; (2) The secretary mainly serves the leaders.
Personnel. No matter how different the requirements and authority are, the former is different from the present situation in China, and the secretary is mainly a professional title.
There is no complete social professionalism; The latter point is the * * * nature of secretaries at all times and in all countries, that is, secretaries are assistants who serve leaders and have no leaders.
There is no secretary, it is the demand of leaders that leads to the emergence of secretarial work and the birth of secretaries.
Second, China's various views on the definition of secretary
Since 1980s, China has explored the definition of secretary and made some progress. There are many definitions:
1. 1979 The secretary entry in Ci Hai reads: "The secretary is one of the job titles and the assistant of the leader. Secretarial work is a confidential job.
Work, its task is to send and receive documents, handle documents, files and matters assigned by the leaders. All organs, enterprises and institutions are generally equipped with secretarial staff.
Work as a department or secretary. "
2. 1982 Professor Mao Hande said in Introduction to Secretarial Studies (internal edition): "Secretary is the name of a position ... in the state power unit.
, institutions and enterprises, to assist the leadership of the comprehensive situation, study the principles and policies, close relations in all aspects, handle documents and files, and contact the masses.
Daily administrative personnel such as letters are also a title. "It is correct to put forward the research policy, but the' professional title' is just an idea.
3. 1983 Zhang Jinan and Chang Chongyi hold that "a secretary is a position, it should be a professional title" and "a leader" in "Introduction to Secretarial Studies".
Eyes and ears, assistants and staff officers. "At that time, the word' information' was not popular, and' eyes and ears' actually meant this; In addition, this is the first time that "participation" has been explicitly put forward.
The problem of seeking ". But the theory of "professional title" is incorrect.
4. 1986 Zhang Jiayi wrote in "secretary" magazine: "The secretary is in the leading organization or attached to the individual, making and controlling documents and assisting decision-making.
Policy, and handle the daily affairs of service personnel. And that "the secretary's job is also a secretary's profession, and the secretary's profession is also a service, so
Secretary is by no means a job, but a profession. "
The "close contact" feature of the above-mentioned secretaries (that is, "being in the leading organ") was put forward by Xin Li at the end of 1985; Auxiliary is emphasized by Shanghai architecture students.
The essential attribute of secretary; Social professionalization was put forward by Chang Chongyi in "Introduction to Secretarial Studies" 65438-0983. Zhang Jiayi's summary is good, which reflects the study of secretarial science.
The depth of the investigation. However, the word "attached to the individual" is not accurate, and the statement that "a secretary is by no means a job" is too absolute.
5. 1987 Chang Chongyi thinks in the book "Modern secretarial work" that "secretary is a professional title and a social occupation. It's the leader.
Assistant to a leader or a specific leader. The specific assistant functions of various secretaries are different, but they all serve the leaders directly by assisting them.
Serve the people and socialism. "
This is an attempt to make a broad definition of secretaries of public secrets, private secrets, various industries, levels and types of work, in which "specific leadership" includes private secrets.
The leadership of the human secretary is precisely because he is generalized and his speech is not concise.
6. 1987 Liu Zusui and Wang Shoufu thought in "General Secretarial Science": "Secretary is one of the names of social posts and the center and leader of leadership.
Civil servants who provide comprehensive and auxiliary services. "It is clearly pointed out here that" public servant "is a narrow definition.
7. 1989 "official secretarial science" Dong Jichao's thought; "The so-called secretary is the person who is in charge of documents and directly assists the boss to handle affairs comprehensively.
Members. "The word" so-called "is used here, and the method of discussing secretarial activities is followed, emphasizing" affairs "instead of" staff ",which reflects the decision.
The difficulty of righteousness.
In addition, the famous scholars in China's secretarial field, such as Wang Gangong and Weng, have not directly discussed this definition in their works.
Secretary of Problems, edited by Yuan Weiyuan, 65438-0990 only mentions that secretaries are "one of a wide range of social occupations" and "an administrative position".
To sum up, all kinds of opinions involve four questions: (l) Is the secretary of our country a professional title, a social occupation or two?
Both? (2) Are the main functions of secretaries in China assistants, staff officers, or both? How can I express it accurately? (3) Under the secretary
Should the definition mainly refer to the secretary in the office room in a narrow sense, or should it include the general office room such as research room, letters and calls bureau, security bureau and archives bureau?
Someone who works as a secretary in an independent parallel organization or even a business department? (4) The situation of private secretaries varies greatly, but the number is expanding.