The common pests and diseases of peanut mainly include aphid, cotton bollworm, grub, cutworm, bacterial blight, leaf spot, bacterial wilt, stem rot, root rot, rust, virus disease and so on.
On the prevention and control methods of peanut diseases and insect pests, on the one hand, continuous cropping should be avoided, on the other hand, ridging and plastic film mulching should be recommended. The specific drug prevention and control methods are as follows:
First, peanut pest control
Aphid control: on the one hand, peanut seeds can be covered with 3% carbofuran granules at a dosage of 2.5 kg per mu, and on the other hand, imidacloprid 10%, chlorpyrifos 1000, cartap 1000, and pirimicarb/50% can be sprayed at the initial stage of the disease.
Control of Helicoverpa armigera and grubs: 50% phoxim, 65,438+0,500 times imidacloprid and 2,500 times avermectin can be sprayed in the early stage of insect pest, and attractant or black light can also be used for trapping and killing in the high adult stage. In the middle and late stage of peanut,
Prevention and control of underground pests, such as grubs and cutworms, can be controlled by spraying drugs according to the above methods, or by mixing chlorpyrifos with 2.5 kg 10% or phoxim with 20 kg fine sand per mu, or by spraying with 1000 times.
Second, peanut disease control
Prevention and treatment of white silk disease: at the initial stage of the disease, drugs such as thifluzamide, tebuconazole, azoxystrobin and difenoconazole can be used for spray control.
Control of leaf spot (including brown spot and black spot): 75% chlorothalonil 600 times solution or 70% mancozeb 800 times solution, 20% azoxystrobin, 12.5% difenoconazole suspension, pyraclostrobin? Spray Dyson and other drugs for prevention and treatment.
To control bacterial wilt, on the one hand, we should choose varieties with strong disease resistance (such as Jihua 2/4/5, Lu Hua 14, Zhonghua 6, etc.). ), on the other hand, continuous cropping or rotation with gramineous crops should be avoided for 3-5 years, on the other hand, the roots can be irrigated with streptomycin 1000 times solution.
Prevention and treatment of rust: on the one hand, 50% carbendazim can be used for seed dressing according to 0.3% of seed quantity, on the other hand, 40% triadimefon sulfur suspension concentrate, 600 times 65% Saisenxin, 500 times 50% carbofuran, 600 times 75% chlorothalonil or 5000 times 25% chlorothalonil can be used at the initial stage of disease.
Prevention and treatment of root rot: on the one hand, seeds can be dressed with 50% carbendazim according to 0.3% of the seed amount, and sprayed with 50% carbendazim 1000 times solution at the initial stage of the disease.
Prevention and treatment of brown spot disease: 50% carbendazim 1500 times, 50% thiophanate-methyl 2000 times, 80% mancozeb 400 times, 75% chlorothalonil 700 times, and 0.3 Baume lime-sulfur mixture can be sprayed.
In order to prevent stem rot and avoid continuous cropping, seeds were dressed with 50% carbendazim or 50% thiophanate methyl according to 0.3% of the seed amount, and 1000 times carbendazim or 800 times thiophanate methyl, 1000 times thiophanate methyl and 6500 times thiophanate methyl were used respectively after emergence and before flowering.
In order to prevent and treat viral diseases, virus A, bacterial toxin and Du Jun BIC can be sprayed continuously for 3-4 times at seedling stage, and sprayed every 7- 10 days/time to inactivate the virus.