Fuxi, also known as Mi, Dong, Bao,, Tai Hao, is the son of Hua Xushi, the father of Shaodian, and the father of Yan Di and Huang in Historical Records. One of the ancient Huang San in China, together with Nu Wa, was honored as the ancestor of mankind. In China myths and legends, like Nu Wa, it is a dragon head or a snake head.
Legend has it that Fuxi sat on the altar and listened to the Eight Winds, which is gossip. Eight trigrams originated from the Book of Changes and started Chinese civilization. In modern times, asking for a sign or throwing a cup is actually a simplified version of the Book of Changes. Because it created gossip, people regard it as a god and respect it as the founder of gossip. The other says that Fuxi is Pangu, the ancient meaning of the word "Pan" is the beginning, and "Gu" is a gourd, which means the reproduction of life. After some tribes, such as Emperor Yan and Chiyou, moved south from the Yellow River basin, their ancestors Fuxi evolved into Pangu in legend, which spread among the southern minorities and evolved into the legend of Pangu's creation.
In the genealogy of the royal family in China's ancient legend era, the Taihao Fuxi family is regarded as "the head of Huang San" and "the head of a hundred kings", and its position is very prominent. However, since ancient times, there have been many disputes about Fu's name, age, geographical view and clan. Is Fuxi a man or a god? Are Tai Hao and Fuxi one person or two people? These questions have been vague. However, if we trace back to the source and clarify the historical process of the establishment of Taihao Fuxi's position in the ancient imperial lineage, these problems will naturally be solved.
Fuxi (X:) is also known as Mi, Dong (also known as Dong Shi), Bao Hefu, and also called Emperor, Huang, Tai Hao and Baoyi. It is called Fuxi in history books. Fuxi was brilliant. It was said that he was a snake. He married his sister Nuwa, gave birth to a child and became the ancestor of mankind. In fact, Fuxi is not a human head snake, but a real founder of Taoism. The human head snake is the prototype of the word "Tao", which is used to represent Tao, as shown on the right. Others say that he was an outstanding leader of ancient tribes in China. Fuxi created the Eight Diagrams according to the theory of the change of Yin and Yang between heaven and earth, that is, eight simple but profound symbols were used to summarize everything in heaven and earth. In addition, he also imitated spiders in nature to make nets for fishing and hunting. Records about the Fuxi family of Taihao are common in ancient books, but there are different opinions.
The descriptions in China's ancient books are mostly recorded by the later literati after a long period of oral communication by the Han people. Therefore, there are many oddities, repetitions and difficulties in some contents; There are also some contents that are obviously fictional, dreamy and wrong. However, these ancient China Genesis myths and legends are by no means completely absurd and illusory lies. In fact, it is these myths and legends that contain the profound understanding and simple expression of the Chinese ancestors' own creation history.
The description of the legend of Fuxi Nuwa in China's ancient books is rather messy. According to the records in Shiben Xidi Pian, "the home of Taihao Fuxi", so the Chinese ancestors had clearly thought that Fuxi was the Fuxi family of Tai Hao. In China's ancient books, Tai Hao was also recorded as "Dahao", "Dabi" and "Taibi". Fuxi can also be recorded as Bao, Dong, Bu Xi, Fu, Mi, Bao and Fu.
It is worth mentioning that many of Fuxi's deeds are related to Nu Wa. For example, it is recorded in Volume 8 of Du Guangting's "Records of Different Scenes" in the Five Dynasties: "If it is not the city of Tai Hao, there is Fuxi in Dongguan to lie in the temple." According to this record, we can know that around the end of the Tang Dynasty, the legend of Fuxi and Nuwa's brother and sister getting married and having children has been widely circulated in China. According to the explanations of historical materialism, sociology and ethnology, this actually reflects the social development stage of brother and sister intermarriage within the clan experienced by China ancestors in the legendary era.
Fu's real name is Feng Taihao. Legend has it that he has virtue, such as the brightness of the sun and the moon, so he is called Tai Hao. The mythical ancestor of the Chinese nation. He also told his people to make fishing nets and engage in fishing, hunting and animal husbandry. Began to draw gossip, light a fire, and get old. On 15. Fuxi, the ancestor of mankind, was born in Qiu Chi, Gansu, grew up in Tianshui, Gansu and died in Huaiyang, Henan.
There are many ways to write Fuxi's name in ancient books. In addition to Fuxi (Zhuangzi's human life), there are Fuxi (Zhuangzi's great master), Fuxi (Fa Yan Wen), Baoxi (once) and Fuxi. A noteworthy problem is that compared with the ancestors of the Chinese nation such as the Yellow Emperor, Fu appeared later in ancient books. Among the ancient books before the mid-Warring States period, The Analects of Confucius, Mozi, Zuo Zhuan, Guoyu and Mencius made no mention of Fuxi. Even in Shan Hai Jing, which records many mythical figures and ancient emperors, there is still no place for Fuxi.
Historical Records began in Huangdi, not for Fuxi. There are two places in Fuxi, both of which were quoted by predecessors. Taishi Gongxu: "The ancients said:' Fuxi is pure and honest, which is easy to gossip'." Guan Zhongyan was quoted in Hechan: "In the past, there was no Huai family to seal Mount Tai, so Zen did;" About Xi Feng Taishan, Zen Yun Yun; Shennongfeng Taishan, Zen Yun Yun; The Yellow Emperor sealed the Mount Tai Zen Cloud. " Sima Qian's history is rigorous, because there were many mistakes in Fuxi's legend at that time, which was difficult to identify. Although he didn't deny it, he remembered it suspiciously.
Han Shu by Ban Gu in the Eastern Han Dynasty broke through the boundaries of historical records and pushed the ancient emperors from Huangdi to Fuxi. At this point, Fuxi began to be an official. "Han Shu" quoted Liu Xin's "World Classic" and said: "Sacrificing heaven is king, and it is the first of a hundred kings. The first virtue began with wood, so the emperor was Tai Hao. " Han Shugu Ren Jin Table describes Fuxi first, followed by Yanhuang. Taking Fuxi as the historical source, Fuxi was honored as the "queen of heaven", which was the first of the hundred kings, and Emperor Yanhuang followed Fuxi. "White Tiger Yi Tong" said: "What is Huang San? Fuxi, Nuwa, Shennong also. " Pushed Fuxi to the position of being the first in Huang San and the head of a hundred kings.
The Imperial Century written by Huangfu Mi in Jin Dynasty is a historical book of the imperial lineage, times and deeds, which began in Huang San and ended in Han and Wei Dynasties. Huang San first listed Fuxi, saying that Fuxi had great achievements such as "following heaven", "writing eight diagrams", "writing thirty-six strings", "making a wedding" and "offering sacrifices to the kitchen". We have noticed that Huangfu Mi said, "Nu Wa's ... sacrificial system. Nu Wa's, followed by Da Ding, Huang Bai, Zhong You, Lu Li, Leo Lee, Xushi He, Zunlu, Hunhun, Hao Ying, Youchao, Zhu Xiang, Ge, Kang Yin and Wu Huai, all of whom attacked Dong Xi's name in the15th century. On the one hand, he regarded Fuxi as an ancient emperor, and on the other hand, he included all the names mentioned in Zhuangzi in Fuxi's name. "They are all sacrificial names", in fact, he regarded Fuxi as an era. In this way, Fuxi's brilliant achievements may not be created by one person. (Note: Because hieroglyphics appeared in the Bronze Stone Age, the creator was Cang Xie, the assistant of Emperor Xuanyuan, so Fuxi's statement of "writing a book" in the early Neolithic period was not established. )
The so-called "Taiyi" of Taiyi holy water, the so-called "Tao" of Laozi and the so-called "Taiji" of Zhouyi are all chaotic and invisible vitality at the beginning of the universe. Huainanzi Astronomy: "The universe is full of vitality." Huainanzi Yan Quan: "The point is the same as heaven and earth, chaotic and simple. Anyone who does not build it is called Taiyi. " Henkel seduced: "Taiyi, Yuan God is the master of all things." The "Yuan God" of all things should be Fuxi.
According to textual research and exegesis, Fuxi is "vitality" and its original meaning is "four qi". Shuo Wen Jie Zi interprets "Fu" as: "Fu, Ye Si, from man to dog. Minister Xuan and others said, "I will wait for you today." Paragraph note: "Those in charge are also in charge of foreign affairs. This is what the secretary said. All departments should be dedicated to it, and waiting means service, extending to collapse. "Xi" and "Shuo Wen Jie Zi" are both interpreted as: "Zhe, Qi Ye. From Xi, the voice of justice. The meaning of "Xi" can be found in the word "Xi". Shuowen Jiezi explains: "Xi is also recorded in writing. Starting from 8, the more elephants lose. " He also interpreted "loss" as: "loss is also like venting gas, from beginning to end. "One of them is flat, too." The original meaning of the word "Xi" is that the breath is slowly prolonged and weak (so it is often used as a modal particle to express the tone at the end of the language). Therefore, the origin of the word "Xi" is "Qi", and the pronunciation of the word "Xi" is also like the sound of blowing, so Duan Yucai noted "Xi" as "boasting" from the sound training. As for Fuxi, it is also written as "Fuxi" and "Fuxi", which are the evolution of the word "xi".
The earliest written record of Pangu myth is the Journal of March 5th written by Xú Zhēng, a native of Wu during the Three Kingdoms period. This book has been lost, and the second volume of "Taiping Yulan" quotes one sentence: "The world is like a chicken, and Pangu was born in it. Eight thousand years old, heaven and earth open, sunny for the sky, cloudy for the ground. Pangu is among them, changing nine times a day. God is in heaven and saint is on earth. The sky is ten feet high, the earth is ten feet thick and Pangu is ten feet long. So eight thousand years old, the number of days is extremely high, the number of places is extremely deep, and Pangu is extremely long. Then there is Huang San. " Legend has it that Pangu created the world and was a great creator. Regarding the relationship between Pangu and Fuxi, many scholars have concluded that Pangu is Fuxi, and both of them come from gourd (chaos). 194 1 year, Chang said in the article "Study on the Portrait of the sarcophagus Unearthed in Shapingba": "Fuxi was a famous man, and there was no written book in ancient times, or he could pretend to be a play, a sacrifice, a sacrifice. Fuxi and Pan Hu are disyllabic. Fuxi, Xixi, Pangu, Xian, and Yin Xun can pass, almost in one word. " He also combined the theory of "Wu Chu said that Pangu couple is the beginning of Yin and Yang" in Yi Shu Ji, and came to the conclusion that Pangu couple is the Fu couple whose brothers and sisters married and gave birth to human beings. Fuxi Nuwa in Han Dynasty stone relief is a snake, similar to Pangu's snake, which further proves that Pangu is Fuxi Xishi. [6] Wen Duo pointed out in "Fuxi and Hulu", the fifth part of Fuxi Kao, that Pan Hu and Fuxi are homonyms, Fuxi and Pangu are both born of Hulu, or Fuxi and Pangu are anthropomorphic Hulu. Fuxi thus became the ancestor of mankind.
In the reliable pre-Qin ancient books, Tai Hao said nothing about Fuxi, and Fuxi said nothing about Tai Hao. Tai Hao has nothing to do with Fuxi. Xunzi was born at the end of the Warring States Period. He mentioned "Tai Hao" in Zheng Lun and "Fuxi" in Xiangcheng. Two * * * read a book, but they are not one.
Nu Wa, surnamed Feng, was born in. When she said her name was Fengli (or died for Fengli), she had the upper body of a human woman and the lower body of a snake. Nu Wa was one of the early Huang San in China. She is the legendary ancestor of mankind, a descendant of her and her brother Fuxi. Legend has it that "refining the stone to make up the sky, kneading the earth to make man, making a good fortune, leaving men and women and getting married in beginning of spring". According to the myth, Fuxi and Nuwa are brother and sister, and they are also husband and wife. On China's totem, there is the image of Nu Wa having intercourse with Fuxi.
Another legend is that the soul of Nu Wa later ascended to heaven, protected by god beasts and Teng snakes, and entered the Heavenly Palace to become a god. Nuwa is the compound surname of China in ancient times. In ancient China, there was a famous tribal female leader named Nuwa, who was Fuxi's sister and was buried in Xihua County, Henan Province.
The myth of Nuwa is binary. The first series is "Nu Wa", the goddess of creation, which is Fuxi's sister. This is related to the etymology of "Nuwa". The word "Nuwa" originally meant goddess in ancient times. Nu Wa is the god of witchcraft.
The second line is the heroic Nuwa in ancient times. It should be pointed out that there was not only one woman named Nu Wa in ancient times, but a very famous one. Just like Hou Yi, there were two famous people in ancient times, one was from the Yao Dynasty, and the other was the son of heaven in the Xia Dynasty.
Nu Wa's position as the founding god is beyond doubt, because the word "Nu Wa" itself means goddess. Ancient people created a hieroglyph to describe their gods. In ancient times, the word "Nuwa" was equivalent to the meaning of the contemporary Chinese character "Goddess".
Nu Wa's position as a spiritual god is also logical. The age when Fuxi's sister Nuwa was born is a legendary age for ancient times. Since the Huangdi and Yandi in similar times have been deified, it is logical that Fuxi and Nuwa have been mythologized.
Fuxi Nuwa's pictures in Han Dynasty stone reliefs and silk paintings are clearly drawn in terms of rules and moments. Fuxi abides by the rules, and Nu Wa abides by the rules. They are the founders of the world. The creation myths of Fuxi and Nu Wa are recorded in ancient books, such as Yijing, Cohesion, Tian Wen of Chu Ci, Liezi Huangdi Pian, Local Records, Lan Mingxun of Huainanzi, and Customs. Some people say that they are the ancestors of human beings, raising children, which is very similar to the legend of Adam and Eve in the west, and more praise them for creating the world. Fuxi and Nu Wa stick to the rules, which means "the sky is a map and the earth is the law". So it has always been the ancient world view.
The description of the legend of Fuxi Nuwa in China's ancient books is rather messy. According to the records in Shiben Xidi Pian, "the home of Taihao Fuxi", so the Chinese ancestors had clearly thought that Fuxi was the Fuxi family of Tai Hao. In China's ancient books, Tai Hao was also recorded as "Dahao", "Dabi" and "Taibi". Fuxi can also be recorded as Bao, Dong, Bu Xi, Fu, Mi, Bao and Fu.