What is the "tea-ordering" culture in tea culture in Song Dynasty? Why can the culture of "ordering tea" rise?

During the Tang and Song Dynasties, social stability brought economic prosperity and scientific and cultural development, especially in the 300-year development of the Song Dynasty, which far surpassed other countries in the world at the same time. People live and work in peace and contentment and live a happy life. The prosperity of agriculture, handicrafts and commerce in Song Dynasty produced many civilizations with China characteristics, and tea culture was one of them. The large-scale production of tea has promoted the development of tea industry and deeply influenced people's lives. Tea-tasting culture has gradually prevailed in literati, farmers, industry and commerce, and has become an indispensable part of life. China entered the period of civilian administration in Song Dynasty. At this time, tea was planted in a large area, and the demand and output of tea increased sharply. Tea tasting culture, tea art, tea trade and law, tea poems and tea songs all reflect the development of tea culture in Song Dynasty, and even tea culture has had a far-reaching influence on China so far, and has gradually become a part of traditional culture in China. In particular, the "tea-ordering" culture in the tea culture of the Song Dynasty represents the unique characteristics that distinguish the Song Dynasty from other dynasties. So how did the culture of "ordering tea" rise? 1. Looking at the emergence of tea from the historical background From the historical development point of view, the emergence of "tea ordering" came into being with the rise of the Song Dynasty. In Song Dynasty, the government paid more attention to "cultural governance" than "military governance", which made the domestic environment stable and the people's ideological and cultural development diversified. It can be said that the Song Dynasty was the peak of the development of ancient civilization in China, and it was also the peak of the development of tea culture. In Song Dynasty, rice, oil, salt, sauce, vinegar and tea were common necessities for people of different classes. In particular, it has become a common phenomenon in society to take poetry as a friend, tea as a sequence, tea as a product and tea as a fight. The wide spread of tea culture promoted the vigorous development of tea economy and enriched people's spiritual life at that time. "Ordering tea" is a procedure, method and skill of making tea. One of its characteristics is making cake tea, which is complicated and takes a long time and requires a lot of manpower and material resources. During the period of social stability and economic development in Song Dynasty, it was tolerable. However, in the Yuan Dynasty, due to the influence of social environment, the culture of "ordering tea" gradually declined. Even in the Ming Dynasty, during the reign of Zhu Yuanzhang, the rulers decided to change tribute tea into loose tea in order to reduce the people's energy in tasting tea, so that after the Ming Dynasty, the cake tea gradually withdrew from the historical stage and the culture of "ordering tea" gradually disappeared. Up to now, only a few areas in China, such as Yunnan, still maintain the production of group cake tea, Yunnan Pu 'er group cake tea. It can be seen that tea culture is deeply influenced by social development and decision-making of rulers. Political clarity, social stability, economic development and the improvement of cultural living standards are the basic environment for the survival of tea culture. Secondly, judging from the development of tea culture, China tea has been used by people since Shennong, and since the Warring States period, tea in Bashu area has spread to all parts of the country, forming a variety of tea custom etiquette culture. The shadow of tea custom culture can be seen in almost all societies such as weddings, funerals, friends exchanges and religious sacrifices, and tea has become an inseparable part of people's lives. Tea custom culture and economic development at that time promoted each other and promoted the progress of social culture. Tea culture is a reflection of people's spiritual life. According to research, China tea culture began in the Han Dynasty and became an indispensable life for every household in the Tang Dynasty. During the Southern and Northern Dynasties, Buddhism prevailed and Zen tea culture developed. In the Five Dynasties, the ancient tea-horse road began to appear, and the tea trade between Han nationality and ethnic minorities was frequent. The spread of tea culture among all ethnic groups in ancient China promoted the economic prosperity of ancient China, promoted the relationship between all social strata and the spread of traditional ideology and culture, and laid a solid foundation for social stability and the rise of "ordering tea" culture in Song Dynasty. Tea culture has a long history, but the culture of "ordering tea" began in Song Dynasty. In the tea culture of Song Dynasty, the first development in the sense of "ordering tea" originally refers to the mixing way of tea and soup, that is, the skill of making tea. Later, it developed into the custom of sending tea when sending guests away, and later it expanded into a way to send guests away. Secondly, the culture of Song Dynasty was prosperous, and Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism were the mainstream of social culture. With the communication between scholars, tea culture and the spirit of Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism combined to form the tea ceremony etiquette of "ordering tea". In Song Dynasty, "tea ordering" was often accompanied by "tea fighting". Can be used by many people, can also be used by two people, and can even make tea and taste tea alone. Tea tasting brings people pleasant physical and mental enjoyment and endless aftertaste, making all kinds of poems and songs about tea culture popular, which is a unique embodiment of tea culture in Song Dynasty. Thirdly, with the development of foreign trade in Song Dynasty, the cultural etiquette of "ordering tea" spread abroad, especially to Japan, and still retains the historical traces of tea culture. "Stir-fried tea" and "matcha tea", which are widely circulated now, are two different ways of making tea in Ming Dynasty and ordering tea in Song Dynasty. It can be seen that the development of tea culture and social, cultural and economic exchanges have contributed to the rise and development of "tea-ordering" culture. Conclusion The idea of governing the country by culture in Song Dynasty brought social stability and cultural development, and promoted the spread and development of tea culture in China. Yunnan tea culture has promoted social harmony and domestic economic prosperity, and tea trade has promoted the relationship between people of all ethnic groups and promoted cultural exchanges and cooperation with the world. The "spread" culture is a kind of traditional culture in China, which has a far-reaching influence on the political, military, economic and cultural development of the Song Dynasty. The border trade through the ancient tea-horse road stabilized the society of the Song Dynasty, and there was almost no civil strife and border rebellion. This proves that Diancha tea culture is a cultural link that unites the Han nationality and the border ethnic minorities. It enabled the Song Dynasty, which was weak in military development, to enrich the national treasury, and the people lived and worked in peace and contentment, making the Song Dynasty a powerful country in the ancient history of China, even surpassing the world of the same period. The prosperity and influence of "Diancha" culture tells us that if the country wants to be rich and strong, the economy wants to develop, the society wants to be stable, and the people want to be happy, it is necessary to unite the people of all ethnic groups in the country with Chinese traditional culture with the significance of the times and in line with the national conditions and make common progress. Only in this way can the country and society be unified for a long time. References: 1. The characteristic culture of Zhang Mingchun Pu 'er tea is in China Yunnan Economic Daily 20 10 2. Rebecca's Folk Study of Tea Fighting in Song Dynasty Huazhong Normal University 20 13 3. Hu Xiaojun's Tea Parting in Song Dynasty, Tea Fighting Skills and Study on Kiln Blackening Glazed Porcelain Tea Lamp Tea Science 20 10 06" 4. Tao's Development of China Ancient Tea Domestic Market "Wan Shi" 1999 0 1" 5. Wang Xiaoyan's Tea Law Reform in Song Dynasty Journal of Northwest University for Nationalities (Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition), 05, 2002.