outline
In the ancient legend of China, Du Kang, the monarch of the Xia Dynasty, was surnamed Si. The son of Xia Wangxiang, whose mother is You Jean (now Weishan County, Shandong Province). According to folklore and historical records, Shao Kang, also known as Du Kang, was born in Ruyang, Henan Province, and was the fifth king of Xia Dynasty. Du Kang is the originator of grain wine-making in China, and was later called fine wine. Cao Cao's "Short Songs" has a cloud-"Generous and unforgettable. How to solve the problem is only Du Kang. "
Say one, Du Kang is Xia Dekang. In the last years of Xia Wangxiang, Hou Yi rebelled and usurped the throne. Seven years later, Han Zhuo killed Hou Yi, usurped the throne, and pursued Xiang. When he died, his wife Hou Yi was pregnant, and he was forced to flee to Du Kang. His posthumous son was still surnamed Xiang and gave birth to Xiang. Du Kang grew up as a shepherd, and later fled to Youyu (now south of Yucheng County, Shangqiu, Henan Province) as a servant. He got married in Yuzhou, with Tian Yicheng (10 Li) and a brigade (a brigade of 500 people). Actively strive for the people of Xia Dynasty, aiming at restoring the country. Later, with the help of tribes with the same surname, the Guan Qi family and the Qizhan family defeated Han Zhuo together with the old ministers and restored the rule of Xia Dynasty. Zhikang is also the capital of Yang Xia (now Taikang, Zhoukou, Henan), which is called Shao Kang Zhongxing in history books. After reaching Kang, he moved the capital to the original (now northwest of Jiyuan, Henan).
Second, Du Kang was a minister under the Yellow Emperor and was good at making wine.
Third, Du Kang is from Baishui, Shaanxi. Du Kang was herding sheep in Kongsangxi (now Du Kang Village, Ruyang County), and the historical records recorded that "leftover porridge was abandoned in mulberry, which was fragrant and strange, and Du Kang tasted its sweetness, so it was the secret of brewing". The Monument to Yiyang (now Ruyang County) in Zhili, Quan Zhi, compiled during the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, reads: "Du Kang is Du Kang Village, 50 miles north of the city, and the brewing department in Du Kang has Dushui. The name of Shuijing is Kangshui. " The ninth volume of Diary also contains: "Dushui River, 50 miles north of the city, originated in Niu Shan, crossed Tonggou from Shiba Inu, Du Kang to Jiahe, and was ten miles long in Iraq (water), named after Du Kang made wine here."
Fourthly, Zhang Hua wrote a book "Natural History" in which Du Kang was the satrap of Jiuquan in Han Dynasty. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, "Shaanxi Baishui County Records" recorded: "Du Kang, whose real name is Zhong Yu, is a Kangjiawei native of our county and is good at making wine." Du Kang was buried near the original brewing site after his death, and the tomb is still there. Adukang Temple was built behind the tomb, and a stone tablet was erected to worship, commemorate and celebrate Du Kang, the father of Du Kang brewing. Du Kang's brewing water is Du Kang spring in Du Kang ditch. "liangzhi" said: "The spring is faint and inexhaustible until winter, and it flows four miles into Baishui River. Everyone in the village said that the water smelled of wine. " Statement 5,
Fifth, Du Kang was the monarch of the Xia Dynasty in the ancient legend of China, whose surname was Si. The father of Xun and the son of Xia Wangxiang. My mother is from Youren (now Weishan County, Shandong Province). When Xiang was forced to commit suicide, Zhikang was not born yet. His mother, Hou Yi, without losing her grief and dignity, quickly climbed out of the dog hole with the maid-in-waiting and fled to her family's Rang tribe (now southeast of Jinan, Shandong Province), and gave birth to Zhikang the following year.
Major achievements
According to ancient records, Du Kang's contribution is mainly wine-making:
There are many records about Du Kang's wine making, such as "Du Kang's wine making" in The Book of Poetry. Shao Kang makes wine. "
"A short song line" "How can I solve my troubles? Only Du Kang ".
In Shangshu Jiugu, "Only Heaven commands us, and our people worship Yuan", Kong Ying Da quoted the world book Hanshu Yingshao: "Du Kang makes wine."
In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Xu Shen wrote "A Towel for Explaining Words": "Shao Kang, an ancient man, first made broom wine. Shao Kang, Du Kang also. "
Jiang Tong of Jin Dynasty recorded in Wine and Wine: "The prosperity of wine comes from the emperor, or the cloud is also the emperor, which is called Du Kang. There is an endless supply of food, and there is nothing but mulberries. It has been fragrant and fragrant for a long time. It is not surprising that this is the reason. "
Song and The Classic of Wine: "Du Kang makes wine."
Ming and Xu Shiquan wrote: "You said Du Kang handed down from ancient times, and I said Chang 'e squeezed out tears. "
In the Qing Dynasty, Chen Weisong's "Man Jiang Hong Wen Ruan Ting dismissed from office and sent it to Xiqiao" said: "Gradually, Du Kang will make wine."
Zhang Hua's Natural History said, "Du Kang makes wine."
The ancient jade piece says, "Wine is made in Du Kang."
Li Han's "Qiu Meng" says: "Du Kang makes wine and Cangjie makes words."
Zhu Biao's Classic of Wine said: "The work of wine is still there. Yidi brewing mash, Du Kang brewing. Is it named after good brewing, and suppression begins here? "
The Outline of Neijing said: "Yi Di Zuo. Du Kangzao. "
Du Kang is the originator of brewing beer in China. According to Shi Ben, a history book of the Warring States Period, "Xin Nv Yi Di made wine mash into five flavors, and Du Kang made wine." "Beishan Wine Classic" says, "Du Kang is famous for its good brewing".
Further reading
Du Kang's Character Evaluation
1. General evaluation of people
In all kinds of opinions about the origin of wine, Du Kang is really related to the brewing of wine. His historical contribution lies in the creation of the brewing method of wine. Zanjiu is sake brewed with thick sorghum, that is, wine brewed with grain. Du Kang laid the foundation of China's wine-making industry, and was honored as the originator and saint of wine-making by later generations, also known as the ancestor of wine.
2. Historical evaluation
During the Three Kingdoms period, Cao Cao wrote the famous "Short Songs", one of which is: "Be patient with your heart and never forget your worries. How to solve your worries? Only Du Kang. " Highly praised the wonderful efficacy of Dukang wine. China has a long history of ancient winemaking, and has made outstanding contributions to the winemaking industry, which cannot be accomplished by one person, but Du Kang is a representative. In a sense, the legendary Dionysus Du Kang represents the civilized spirit, scientific spirit and primitive spirit of the ancient people in China.
According to Feng Shihua's History of Wine in the Ming Dynasty, after Du Kang's death, people respected Du Kang as the god of wine and the ancestor of wine, and set up temples to offer sacrifices, which made Du Kang gradually develop into a splendid culture. It can be seen that people admire Du Kang's position in the wine industry.
Legendary anecdote
1. The Legend of Wine
According to the legend of Du Kang's portrait, Du Kang dreamed of an old man with a white beard one night and told Du Kang to show him the spring water. Du Kang needs to find three different drops of human blood on the opposite mountain within nine days, and drop them into it to get the most beautiful drink in the world. Du Kang got up the next day and found a spring in front of her door, which was clear and transparent. So I went to the mountains to find three drops of blood. On the third day, Du Kang met a scholar and asked him to cut off his finger and drop a drop of blood. On the sixth day, I met a samurai. After Du Kang explained his purpose, the samurai decisively cut it down, and without saying anything, he shed a drop of blood. On the ninth day, Du Kang saw a man sleeping under a tree, covered in vomit and unbearable dirt, but the deadline had come, so Du Kang spent a penny or two on a drop of blood. After turning around, Du Kang dripped three drops of blood into the spring, and the spring immediately rolled, and the heat increased greatly, and the fragrance was fragrant and the product was like a fairy. Because it took nine days and three drops of blood, Du Kang named this drink "wine".
Because there are three drops of blood of scholars, warriors and fools at work, people usually follow these three procedures when drinking: the first stage, toasting each other and persuading each other, as if scholars were reciting poems; In the second stage, after three rounds of wine, I won't say much, and I will drink it off like a samurai. In the third stage, drunken people are crazy, or throw up on the ground, or throw up with a basin in their arms, or lie around, unconscious and shameless like fools.
2. Drunk Liu Ling
Since ancient times, there has been a legend among Luoyang people. An ancient book said, "Du Kang is the best wine in the world, and Liu Ling is the biggest drinker. Three cups of Dukang wine, drunk for three years. " It tells the story of "Du Kang made Liu Ling drunk".
Liu Ling was one of the "Seven Sages of Bamboo Forest" in Jin Dynasty. She is famous for drinking, and she can drink. The capacity for drinking is unparalleled in the world. Dissatisfied with the present rule, he travels everywhere and drinks wherever he goes. On one occasion, Liu Ling came to the entrance of Du Kang Hotel in Nanfudian Town, Longmen, Luoyang. She looked up and saw a couplet on the door, which read:
"There are tigers drunk in the mountains and dragons sleeping at the bottom of the sea."
The horizontal batch is:
You don't need money to stay sober for three years.
Liu Ling became very angry when he saw these shoes. She said to herself, you've never been to a bar before. Who knows that Liu Ling is a heavy drinker, from south to north, from east to west, from southeast to northwest, and he didn't get me drunk after drinking for a long time? How dare you brag like that? Free for three years without getting drunk. Liu Ling walked into the pub with gas, and Du Kang took out the wine for him to drink. After drinking one cup, Du Kang brought a second cup, and Liu Ling drank it. Du Kang said, stop drinking, or you'll get drunk. He didn't listen and asked for a third cup. After drinking three glasses of wine, Liu Ling said, "The first glass of wine is as sweet as honey, and the second is sweeter than honey. After drinking three glasses of wine, I only felt dizzy. " He was drunk. At this moment, Du Kang came over and said to Liu Ling, "What's the situation? Has your husband had enough? " Liu Ling said drunkenly, "That's enough, that's enough." As he spoke, he took out the money for drinks from his pocket. When he touched it, his wallet was empty. He said falteringly, "Boss, I forgot to bring my money. Let's calculate the account first and pay it back to you another day. " Liu Ling said, and walked back to the restaurant. Staggering all the way, he staggered home and fell to the ground as soon as he entered the door. His wife quickly helped him to bed. Realizing that she couldn't do it, Liu Ling quickly explained to her daughter-in-law, "I'm going to die. Bury me in the wine pool, cover me with distiller's grains, and put a small wine glass and hip flask in my coffin. " Say that finish; Liu Ling is really dead. He loved drinking all his life, so his daughter-in-law buried him as he said.
Unconsciously, three years have passed. On this day, Du Kang came to the village and asked Liu Ling for drinks. Hearing this, Liu Ling's daughter-in-law said angrily, "He didn't know whose wine he drank three years ago, but he came back and died. So I drank your wine! You still ask for drinks, and I have to ask for someone from you! Du Kang said, "He is not dead, but drunk! Tell me where he is buried. " In this way, they came to the place where Liu Ling was buried. When they opened the coffin, they saw that Liu Ling was well dressed and ruddy, just like before she died. Du Kang patted him on the shoulder; Shouted, "Liu Ling, wake up! Liu Ling is awake! " See Liu Ling as expected yawned, stretched out his arms, opened his eyes and repeatedly said, "Du Kang is a good wine! Good wine in Du Kang! " Since then, the saying "Dukang wine, drunk for three years" has spread.