Therefore, in order to meet the requirements of senior high school entrance examination, dictation should be meticulous, accurate, word for word, profound in understanding and flexible in application. Step 1: Read aloud.
Reading is really a good way to recite. In your own Xiaotian, you might as well read ancient poems aloud for more than five times in a row. On the one hand, reading can strengthen your familiarity with the article. On the other hand, with the increase of reading times, you will gradually deepen your understanding of the content of the article, that is, your own feelings and experiences about the article, and have a deeper understanding of the author's purpose in writing this article. This is what the ancients said: "Reading a hundred times is self-evident".
In addition, with the deepening of reading, you will better understand the meaning of each sentence. Some students will immediately understand the meaning of an ancient Chinese sentence, which is the result of being quite familiar with ancient Chinese. This step is well done and lays a good foundation for the translation of the following sentences. Step 2: Recite aloud.
On the basis of reading aloud in front, you can now forget the book completely and recite it aloud. You will find that the first and second times are a bit stiff, and the third and fourth times are quite smooth. By the fifth and sixth time, you have completely mastered the full text, and there will be no missing words, adding words or reversing the word order. It's hard for you to recite wrong at this time. In these two steps, reading aloud is the key, because reading aloud is the repetition of human memory function, which can play a dual role in memory, and reading aloud also enables students to find and check their mistakes at any time.
Especially for some students with poor reciting accuracy, reciting aloud is the best solution. The third step: after reciting the article, it is to ensure the correct rate of words.
At this time, you can pick up the book again, read it line by line, and practice the words that are easy to write mistakes several times to ensure that you don't change your words or write typos. This step is the crowning touch. If you can't do it well, your previous efforts will be in vain and you should take it seriously. Step 4: Sketch out every famous sentence of China's ancient poems (such as "Worry before the world, happiness after the world"), reveal the key sentence of the theme and center (such as "I am humble, but I am virtuous and fragrant"), and describe the landscape environment (such as "trees and vines, swaying and swaying").
In order to understand the need of memory, recite these sentences and understand their functions in the text. Step 5: Do some understandable reciting questions, chew the requirements of the stem carefully, grasp the key words and think about what to answer, and pay attention to the possibility of making some subtle changes when answering questions.
For example, the sentence "An refused to ask for relocation" is different from the sentence "Tang Ju refused to ask for relocation", and students are easily confused. This question should be answered by grasping the word "reason". The answers should be "I am willing to stick to it, but I dare to change" and "An Lingjun is afraid of changing, but not right." Other words are not reasons, so I won't write them.
Step 6: It is relatively simple to understand the comprehensible recitation of an ancient China poem; It is much more difficult to find sentences that meet the stem requirements in all articles. This can only require students to accumulate more and be more proficient. For example, accumulate some sentences describing scenery, cruelty of war, peace-loving, carefree mood, natural environment, friendship and so on. Classify, consciously and gradually expand your collection, think more about a few poems when answering questions, and then choose the sentence that best meets the requirements of the topic, so as to ensure foolproof.
In addition, forming a good habit of accumulating poems is also one of the necessary lessons to form your rich cultural accumulation. These poems can also be quoted in writing to add color to the article. 2. Mastering the notional words of classical Chinese has always been an easy part of the classical Chinese exam. Some students have mastered most of the content words, but the accuracy will be discounted. You might as well sort it out yourself.
First of all, sort out some special notional words: common words, typical ancient and modern different meanings, flexible use of parts of speech, and polysemy, so that one can broaden one's thinking and improve one's migration ability, and the other is to master them firmly and remember them deeply. Secondly, sort out some content words that are not special but very important: the content words that are still alive and in use in modern Chinese and the content words in the notes under the book.
The arrangement of this part is very important, because the mastery of content words is not only necessary for reading classical Chinese in class, but also necessary for reading classical Chinese outside class. Only by mastering the exact meaning of each notional word and understanding its polysemy can our consciousness of classical Chinese be gradually formed, so that we can draw inferences when reading classical Chinese after class and lay a solid foundation for further study of classical Chinese in senior high school. In addition, it is worth mentioning that when sorting out the explanations of content words, the notes in the textbook should prevail and should not be ambiguous.
3. Translation of classical Chinese sentences The translation of classical Chinese sentences is actually based on the understanding of the whole article, so when reading the article, it lays a good foundation for sentence translation. At the same time, sentence translation should pay special attention to the understanding of key notional words in the sentence, so that the arrangement of notional words the next day lays a foundation for it, so sentence translation is much easier.
On the basis of comprehensive translation of the text, students may wish to focus on sorting out these classical Chinese sentences lesson by lesson: first, sort out the famous aphorisms in the text to reflect the key sentences with the central theme. Secondly, sort out sentences with sentence transformation in the text, such as inverted sentences and ellipsis sentences.
Third, sort out sentences with ambiguity and flexible parts of speech. Finally, the sentences with fixed format and common format are sorted out.
It is worth mentioning that sentence translation is based on the mastery of content words in classical Chinese. Understanding the meaning of several key content words in a sentence will solve the translation of this sentence easily.
2. How to understand that classical Chinese teaching is an important part of Chinese teaching, and classical Chinese test questions are the highlight of the college entrance examination. Students often ask, how to learn classical Chinese well so as not to lose points in the college entrance examination? I think if we can pay attention to the following points, we can learn classical Chinese well and improve the hit rate of the college entrance examination.
First of all, we must have relevant historical knowledge. As the saying goes, literature and history are not separated. Everyone lives in an era, and the politics, economy and culture of this era will certainly have an impact on him. Therefore, only by understanding the era of this person's life can we understand the connotation of his works. For example, Qu Yuan advocated reform and hoped that Chu would be strong, but the king of Chu was "confused by Zheng Xiu at home and bullied by Zhang Yi abroad", alienated Qu Yuan first, and then exiled him to the Miluo River, which made his reform ambition impossible and buried him in the river. Knowing this history, it is much easier for us to understand Li Sao.
Second, have relevant cultural common sense. China's ancient culture is profound and rich in connotation, and many contents are constantly evolving with the development of history. Such as name and title, official position and imperial examination, geographical knowledge, patriarchal manners and customs, clothing and utensils, calendar criminal law, ancient book annotation style, etc., are greatly different from ancient times to modern times. Although students don't need to master all these contents, they should also accumulate what they encounter in their studies as their own knowledge reserves, so that they can call them at any time in classical Chinese learning and exams.
Third, learn to "solve the belly of the ancients with the heart of the present." We live in today's society, and in the face of disasters, we will unite as one. In the face of ugliness, they will attack and lash; We will work together to resist external humiliation. In fact, this kind of thoughts and feelings are in the same strain. In the face of external humiliation, Wen Tianxiang wrote: "Since ancient times, no one has died, keeping the heart of Dan to shine in the history of history." Facing the sufferings of the people, Du Fu wrote: "The wine in Zhumen stinks and the bones on the road freeze to death." Therefore, when we study ancient Chinese, we should be good at comparing and associating the feelings of the ancients with those of today, so as to try to figure out the thoughts of the ancients and accurately understand the essence reflected by classical Chinese.
Fourth, grasp the teaching materials and lay a solid foundation for classical Chinese. When learning classical Chinese, we must master the knowledge points that appear in textbooks: ① Phonetic sounds, including polyphonic characters and different reading characters. ② Meaning, including ancient and modern different meanings, polysemy and flexible use of parts of speech. ③ Sentence patterns in classical Chinese, including special sentence patterns and complex sentences in classical Chinese.
Fifth, to learn a classical Chinese, we should do the following: first, grasp the article as a whole and understand its main contents; Secondly, put the understanding of paragraphs into the overall grasp of the text; Third, in the specific language environment, we can further understand the words in the context; Finally, on the basis of the first three conditions, further understand the deep meaning of the article. In short, if you can do the above in your usual study, you will