The first strategy to win the battle
The first strategy is to hide the truth from the enemy, the second strategy is to encircle Wei and rescue Zhao, the third strategy is to kill someone with a borrowed knife
The fourth strategy is to wait for work, the fifth strategy is to take advantage of the situation, and the sixth strategy is to rob the enemy. To attack the east and attack the west
The second plan to fight against the enemy
The seventh plan is to create something out of nothing, the eighth plan is to secretly deceive Chen Cang, the ninth plan is to watch the fire from the other side
The tenth plan is to hide a knife in a smile, the eleventh plan is Li Daitao's stiffness The twelfth strategy is to steal the sheep
The third attack strategy
The thirteenth strategy is to scare the snake, the fourteenth strategy is to revive the corpse, the fifteenth strategy is to lure the tiger away from the mountain
The sixteenth strategy The 17th stratagem: Throw bricks to attract jade. The 18th stratagem: Capture the thief and capture the king.
The fourth set of free-for-all tactics
The 19th stratagem: Draw money from under the cauldron. The 20th stratagem: Fish in troubled waters. The 21st stratagem: Escape from the golden cicada.
The 22nd tactic is to catch thieves behind closed doors. The 23rd tactic is to make friends with distant people and attack at close range. The twenty-fifth strategy is to steal the beam and replace the pillars. The twenty-sixth strategy is to criticize the mulberry tree. The twenty-seventh strategy is to be a hypocrite.
The Sixth Defeat Strategy
The Thirty-one Beauty Trap, The Thirty-Two Empty City Strategy, The Thirty-third Counterattack Strategy
The Thirty-Third Strategy The Four Stratagems of Bitter Meat, the Thirty-fifth Stratagem of Chains, and the Thirty-sixth Stratagem of Going the Best.
The author of "Thirty-Six Strategies" is Yang Nanke, a native of Xianyang in the Qin Dynasty. It is a military book summarized based on the outstanding military thought and rich struggle experience in ancient my country. It is one of the long-standing cultural heritage of the Chinese nation. The term "Thirty-Six Strategies" precedes the year of writing, and its etymology can be traced to Tan Daoji, a general of the Song Dynasty in the Southern Dynasty (? - 436 AD). According to "Book of Southern Qi. Biography of Wang Jingze": "Thirty-Six Strategies of Tan Gong" , "Going is the best strategy, you and your son should just walk." It means that the defeat has been determined and there is no way to recover. The only way is to retreat. Later generations continued to use this phrase. In Huihong's "Leng Zhai Night Talk" of the Song Dynasty: "Thirty-six strategies, walking is the best strategy.". In the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, more and more people quoted this phrase. So some people collected books and compiled them into "Thirty-Six Strategies". However, it is difficult to confirm when and who wrote this book.
The original book is arranged by name, and is divided into six sets, namely, victory plan, enemy plan, attack plan, melee plan, merging plan, and defeat plan. The first three sets are strategies used when you are at an advantage, and the last three sets are strategies you use when you are at a disadvantage. Each set contains six strategies, for a total of thirty-six strategies. The explanations after the names of each plan are deduced based on the principles of yin and yang changes in the "Book of Changes" and the ancient military strategists' thoughts on the mutual transformation of opposing relationships such as hardness and softness, oddness and rightness, offense and defense, enemy and self, virtuality and reality, and subject and object. It contains Elements of a naive military dialectic. The notes after the explanation mostly cite battle cases before the Song Dynasty and incisive sentences by military strategists such as Sun Wu, Wu Qi, and Wei Liaozi. The book also has a general introduction and a postscript.
Thirty-six Stratagems is a summary of the strategies of ancient Chinese military strategists and a valuable legacy of military strategy. In order to make it easier for people to memorize these thirty-six strategies, a scholar took each of the thirty-six strategies. The words form a poem in sequence: The public policy of gold, jade and sandalwood is used to capture the robbers. Fishes and snakes laugh in the sea. Sheep, tigers and peaches are separated by mulberry trees. The trees are dark and crazy. The cauldron is empty and suffers from distant visitors. There are beautiful corpses in the roof beams. Attacking the Wei Dynasty to attack Guo. .
In addition to Tan Gongce, each word of the whole poem contains one of the thirty-six strategies, which are in order: to escape from the cicada's shell, to attract the jade, to kill with a borrowed knife, to wait for work, to catch the thief and the king, to rob while the fire is under fire, to catch the thief behind closed doors, and to fish in troubled waters. , to frighten the snake, to conceal the truth, to cheat, to hide the knife in a smile, to pull the sheep by the hand, to lure the tiger away from the mountain, to blame the peach for the peach, to criticize the mulberry and the locust tree, to watch the fire from the other side, to bloom on the tree, to cross the old warehouse secretly, to be the best, to be hypocritical, to play hard to get, to draw firepower from the bottom of the cauldron, to the empty city stratagem, to the bitter meat stratagem, to make friends from far away and to attack closely, to turn against the guest, to go up to the house Extracting ladders, stealing beams and replacing pillars, creating something out of nothing, beauty traps, borrowing corpses to revive souls, claiming to the east and attacking the west, besieging Wei to rescue Zhao, serial schemes, and falsely conquering Guo.
It is said that the earlier version of "Thirty-six Stratagems" was reprinted on native paper by Chengdu Xinghua Printing Factory in 1941. It shows that the original book is a manuscript, which was found at a bookstall in Fenzhou (now Fenxian County, Shaanxi Province) in 1941. The front part of the manuscript "is all about health preservation, and the last few dozen chapters are appended with thirty-six strategies and explanations." "Use the art of war, and then know the results." In 1961, the collector Shuhe wrote an article in Guangming Daily to introduce it, and then donated this original paper to the Political College of the Chinese People's Liberation Army. Since then, various reprints and copies have appeared.
[Edit this paragraph] Summary
Original text
Six six thirty-six, there is a skill in the number, and there is a number in the skill. The principle of yin and yang lies within it. The opportunity cannot be set, and the set will fail.
Notes
The emphasis is on numbers rather than reasoning. Gehry, the terminology is self-explanatory; but the numbers are implicit. If you only know the art of art, it lies within the principles and human feelings. If something goes wrong, the view will be strange and confusing, and the conspiracy will be revealed.
Or, in the thirty-six stratagems, every six stratagems form a set. The first set is a victory stratagem; the second set is an enemy stratagem; the third set is an offensive stratagem; the fourth set is a melee stratagem; and the fifth set is a melee stratagem. The first set is a battle plan; the sixth set is a defeat plan.
[Edit this paragraph] The first set of victory strategies
A strategy to achieve an absolute advantage. The king controls his ministers, and a big country controls a small country. A proud dragon has regrets.
The first plan is to cross the sea without letting God know.
This refers to crossing the sea in broad daylight without letting God know. Describes great deception and lies, and can cause any kind of deception.
Original Canon
If you prepare for weeks, you will be lazy ①; if it is common, you will not doubt it. Yin is within Yang, not the opposite of Yang②. Sun, Taiyin ③.
Notes
① Being prepared means being lazy: Being very well-prepared often makes people loose their fighting spirit and weakens their combat effectiveness.
② Yin is within Yang, not the opposite of Yang: Yin and Yang are the basic points of ancient Chinese traditional philosophy and cultural thought. Its ideas shroud the universe and the fine dust, and affect all areas of ideology. . The theory of yin and yang treats all things in the universe as a unity of opposites, showing simple dialectical thinking. The words yin and yang have already appeared in oracle bone inscriptions and bronze inscriptions, but the theory of yin and yang as yin and yang qi was first advocated by Laozi, a native of Chu, the founder of Taoism, and not in the "Book of Changes". The yin mentioned in this plan refers to confidentiality and concealment; the yang refers to openness and exposure. Yin is within Yang, not in opposition to Yang. In the art of war, it means that secrets are often hidden in public things, not in the opposite of public things.
③Sun, Taiyin: Tai, extremely, extremely. This sentence means that very public things often contain very secret strategies.
Explanation
When you are fully prepared, you are more likely to be careless; when you are accustomed to things, you often lose your vigilance. Secrets often lie within what is public, not outside of what is exposed. When things that are openly exposed are taken to extremes, they form the most secretive state of hiding.
A brief explanation
The so-called concealment is to deliberately use disguise to confuse and deceive the other party again and again, so that the other party relaxes their guard, and then takes sudden action to achieve victory. purpose.
Notes
Conspiracies cannot be carried out behind the scenes. Stealing in the middle of the night and killing people in secluded alleys are foolish and vulgar things that are not the behavior of counselors. For example: In the ninth year of Emperor Kaihuang's reign, Chen was aggressively attacked. First, Bi asked Yuanjiang to guard against the enemy. Every time he made an announcement, he would gather in Liyang, set up a large array of flags, and set up a tent to cover the field. The Chen people thought that the army was coming, so they sent out soldiers and horses, and then they knew who was on the defensive and told them. The crowd dispersed again, and later became normal and no longer equipped. When Ruobi sent a large army to the river, the Chen people were not aware of it. Then he attacked Xuzhou in the south and pulled it out.
Analysis
The strategy of "hiding the truth and crossing the sea" must not be confused with "deceiving the superiors and concealing the inferiors", "covering one's ears and stealing the bells", or such things as stealing at night, dragging people's clothes, and seeking lives in remote places. Equality is by no means what a strategist should do. Although both are deceptive to some extent, their motives, nature, and purposes are different and cannot be confused. The military application of this tactic often focuses on the fact that when people observe and deal with world affairs, they consciously or unconsciously produce omissions and slacks due to their habitual opinions on certain things. Therefore, they can take advantage of the fictitiousness to reveal the false and hide the true, and cover up something. In military operations, seize the opportunity and win by surprise.
Exploring the source
See "Yongle Dadian·Xue Rengui's Campaign in Liao". In the 17th year of Zhenguan reign of Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty, the emperor personally led an army of 300,000 people to conquer the Ningdong territory. One day, the mighty army came eastward to the seaside. The emperor saw that there were only empty white waves in front of him, and the sea was endless. He asked the generals about their plan to cross the sea, and everyone looked at each other in confusion. Suddenly it was reported that a wealthy man who lived near the sea asked to see him, saying that his family had already prepared more than three hundred thousand navy provisions. The emperor was overjoyed and led all his officials to follow the wealthy people to the seaside. I saw that all the households were surrounded by colorful curtains, which was very tight. The wealthy old man stepped eastward to lead the emperor into his room. The interior is even more decorated with colorful embroidered curtains and carpets on the floor. All the officials were drinking and feasting happily. Soon, there was a sound of wind, the waves were as loud as thunder, the cup tilted, and the body shook for a long time. Taizong was alarmed and quickly ordered his ministers to lift the colorful curtain to take a look. If he didn't look at it, he would be stunned. The vast expanse of clear water is everywhere. What is it that is a guest in a rich man's house? The army is already sailing on the sea! It turns out that this wealthy citizen is disguised as Xue Rengui, a newly recruited hero, and it was he who planned this "hiding the truth from the sky" strategy. When used in the art of war, "concealing the truth and concealing the truth" is actually a tactic used to camouflage battles in order to achieve unexpected combat results.
Story
In 589 AD, the Sui Dynasty launched a massive attack on Chen. In 557 AD, Chen Baxian proclaimed himself emperor and founded the country. He named the country Chen and built its capital in Jiankang, which is today's Nanjing. Before the war, General He Ruobi of the Sui Dynasty was ordered to command the defense of the river and often organized garrison troops along the river to mobilize for defense. Every time the troops were mobilized, the troops were ordered to concentrate in Liyang (which is today's Anhui Province and counties). He also specifically ordered that when the three armies are concentrated, they must display a large array of flags and place them all over the police tents to make a show of force to confuse Chen Guo. Sure enough, it was difficult for Chen Guo to distinguish the true from the false. At first, he thought that a large army was approaching, so he sent out all his soldiers and horses to prepare for a face-to-face battle with the enemy. However, soon after, it was discovered that the Sui army's garrison troops were adjusting their defenses and not attacking, so Chen withdrew the assembled troops to fight.
This happened five times and three times. The Sui army adjusted its defenses frequently, and no clues were revealed. Chen Guo was also accustomed to it, and its vigilance was lax. Until the Sui general He Ruobi crossed the river with his army, Chen Guo was not aware of it. The Sui army was like a force from heaven, catching Chen Bing off guard, and took Chen's southern Xuzhou (today's Zhenjiang City, Jiangsu Province) in one fell swoop.
The second plan is to besiege Wei and rescue Zhao
This refers to besieging the capital of Wei to rescue Zhao. Now it refers to the tactic of overtaking the enemy's rear to force him to withdraw his troops.
Original Canon
***It is better to divide the enemy ①, and to fight Yang than to fight Yin ②.
Notes
①It is better to divide the enemy than to defeat it: ***, concentrated. To divide, to disperse, to disperse. Meaning of the sentence: To attack a concentrated enemy, it is better to try to disperse it and then attack again.
② Enemy Yang is not as good as enemy Yin: enemy, verb, attack. The meaning of the sentence is that it is better to attack the enemy with strong momentum first than to attack the enemy with strong momentum later.
Explanation
It is better to attack a concentrated and powerful enemy than to disperse and weaken the powerful enemy before attacking. Attacking the enemy's strong parts is not as effective as attacking the enemy's weak parts.
A brief explanation
The so-called besieging Wei and rescuing Zhao means that when the enemy is strong, we should avoid a decisive battle with the powerful enemy and adopt roundabout tactics to force the enemy to disperse his forces and then seize the enemy's The weak link launches an attack and kills the enemy.
Notes
Managing an army is like managing a flood: the sharp avoid the front, like guiding the troops; the weak, plug the weak, like building a weir. Therefore, when Qi was rescuing Zhao, Sun Tzu said to Tian Ji: "If you resolve a complicated dispute, you don't control your fists; if you save a fight, you don't fight; if you criticize the strong and suppress the weak, and restrain the form and force, then you can solve the problem yourself."
Analysis
Fighting against the enemy is like controlling water: when the enemy is strong, it is necessary to avoid the impact, such as using diversion to divert the flow. For weak enemies, seize the opportunity to destroy them, just like building embankments and cofferdams to prevent water from flowing away. So when Qi rescued Zhao, Sun Tzu said to Tian Ji: "If you want to straighten out the tangled silk and knotted ropes, you can only use your fingers to slowly untie them, and you can't clench your fists to beat them; to resolve fighting disputes, you can only use words to persuade, not hands. Participate. To the enemy, we should avoid the real situation and focus on the weak points, so that the enemy will be frustrated and restrained, and the siege can be solved."
Story
In 354 BC, Zhao State attacked Wei State and forced Wei State to surrender to it. The Wei State originally joined the Wei State, but now it was attached to the Zhao State. King Wei Hui couldn't help being very angry, so he decided to send Pang Juan to attack the Zhao State. In less than a year, Pang Juan captured Handan, the capital of Zhao. Handan is in danger. The king of Zhao State, Zhao Chenghou, tried his best to hold on and sent people to Qi State for help (at this time, Zhao State formed an alliance with Qi State). King Wei of Qi appointed Tian Ji as the general and Sun Bin as the military advisor to lead the army to rescue Zhao. Sun Bin came up with a plan to use Qicheng and Gaotang, the two most incompetent troops in the army, to pretend to attack Xiangling, Wei's strategic military location, in order to paralyze the Wei army. But the army took a detour and went straight into the main beam. Pang Juan received the order from King Hui of Wei and had to return to the country quickly for rescue. The Wei army is a tired army, how can it defeat Qi's elite army, which is waiting for work. So a big defeat.
The third plan is to kill someone with a borrowed knife
It is a metaphor for using someone else’s hand to harm someone without showing up.
Original Canon
The enemy is known, but the friend is not yet determined ①, leading the friend to kill the enemy without using his own efforts, deduced from "Loss" ②.
Notes
①Undecided friends: "Friends" refers to military allies, that is, a third party other than the enemy and ourselves, who can temporarily form an alliance and borrow powerful person, group or country. Undecided friendship means that the allies still have a hesitant and wait-and-see attitude towards the two parties involved in the main battle, and their opinions are unclear.
② "Loss": From the hexagram "Loss" of "Book of Changes": "Loss: Fu, good luck, no blame, chastity, good fortune and good fortune." Fu, credit. Yuan, big. Zhen, upright. That is to say, if you act in the way of restraint and reflection, as long as you are sincere, you will have great auspiciousness, make no mistakes, and follow the right path. If you act in this way, everything will go well. There is also the loss hexagram of "Xiang": "Loss: Loss below and benefit above, and the path goes up." It means the transformation relationship between "loss" and "benefit". Borrowing the power of allies to attack the enemy will inevitably cause losses to allies, but The loss of an ally can be exchanged for one's own gain.
Explanation
The enemy's situation has been made clear, but the friendly attitude has not yet been determined. Use the power of your allies to destroy the enemy without having to expend any effort on your own. This is a strategy deduced from the hexagram "Loss".
A brief explanation
The so-called killing with a borrowed knife means that when dealing with an enemy, you do not take action yourself, but use the power of a third party to attack the enemy to preserve your own strength; Furthermore, the enemy's internal contradictions are cleverly exploited to cause them to kill each other in order to achieve the goal of killing the enemy.
Notes
The enemy has been exposed, and another force has become more active and is about to do something, so we should use this force to destroy the enemy. For example: When Duke Huan of Zheng wanted to attack Hao, he first wrote down the names of Hao's heroes, good ministers, wise and courageous people, selected fertile land in Hao to bribe them, and wrote down the names of their officials and nobles, because he set up a mandala and Guo Gate. Bury it somewhere, provoke it with chicken satin, like an alliance. Jun Xie thought it was difficult, so he killed all his good ministers. Duke Huan attacked Xi and captured it.
Zhuge Liangzhi and Wu resisted Wei, and Guan Yu besieged Fan and Bao. Cao wanted to move to the capital. Yi and Jiang Ji said to Cao: "Liu Bei and Sun Quan are not close relatives at home and abroad. Guan Yu has succeeded, but Quan is unwilling. You can send people to spy on him." Later, Xu ceded Jiangnan to enfeoff power, and then Fan Wei was released. "Cao followed, and Yu was captured.
Story
Liu Xiu borrowed a knife to kill Li Tie.
The fourth strategy is to wait for work at leisure
It refers to not attacking first in battle, but to recharge your batteries to deal with tired enemies coming from afar.
Original text
When the enemy is trapped ①, do not fight; loss of strength and gain of softness ②.
Notes
① Entrapment: forcing the enemy into a besieged situation.
② Loss of strength and gain of softness: The phrase comes from "The Book of Changes. Loss". "Hardness" and "softness" are two relative phenomena. Under certain conditions, the two opposite parties can transform into each other. "Loss", the name of the hexagram. This hexagram is a superposition of different hexagrams (Duixia Genshang). The upper hexagram is Gen, and Gen is mountain. The lower hexagram is Dui, and Dui is Ze. Going up the mountain and down by the marsh means the image of the big swamp eroding the roots of the mountain. In other words, there is water infiltrating the mountain and damaging it, so the hexagram is called "loss". "Lossing strength and benefiting softness" is based on this hexagram to describe "hardness and softness" By inference, the main principle is change. This strategy is based on the principle of the "loss" hexagram. "Strong" is used to describe the enemy and "soft" is used to describe oneself. This means that the trapped enemy can use active defense to gradually wear down the enemy. The effective force can make it change from strong to weak, and I can make myself passive to active by taking advantage of the situation. It does not have to be a direct attack, but I can also win.
Notes
This is the way to defeat the enemy. The Book of War says: "Those who are in the battlefield first and wait for the enemy will be at ease, and those who are behind the battlefield and are eager to fight will be tired. Therefore, those who are good at fighting will harm others without harming them. "The military book discusses the enemy, this is the discussion of the situation, and its purpose is not to choose a place to wait for the enemy; it is to use simplicity to control complexity, to remain unchanged to adapt to changes, to use small changes to respond to big changes, to use immobility to respond to movements, and to use small movements to respond to big movements. For example, Guan Zhong kept military orders in the internal affairs and made effective preparations; Sun Bin ambushed Pang Juan on Maling Road; Li Mu guarded Yanmen for a long time, but made effective preparations and defeated the Xiongnu in battle.
Story
During the Three Kingdoms period, the state of Wu killed Guan Yu. Liu Bei was furious and personally led an army of 700,000 to attack Wu from the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. , winning more than ten battles in a row, with great vigor, reaching the area of ??Yiling and Xiaoting, penetrating five to six hundred miles into the hinterland of Wu State. Sun Quan appointed the young general Lu Xun as the commander-in-chief and led 50,000 people to fight. After analyzing the situation, he believed that Liu Bei was becoming more aggressive and condescending, making it difficult for the Wu army to attack, so he decided to implement a strategic retreat to see how the situation would change. In this way, the Shu army would have difficulty in deploying in the mountainous area of ????five to six hundred miles. In a passive position, unable to fight, the soldiers were tired and blocked. After half a year of stalemate, the Shu army's fighting spirit was weakened. Lu Xun saw that the Shu army's front line stretched for hundreds of miles, and it was difficult to see the end of the camp. The time was ripe for Lu Xun to set up camp in the mountains. He ordered a full-scale counterattack and caught the Shu army by surprise. Lu Xun set fire to the 700-mile company camp of the Shu army. The Shu army was in chaos and suffered heavy casualties. Lu Xun created a famous example in the history of war of winning with a small number and striking early. /p>
The fifth strategy is to take advantage of the fire
This refers to taking advantage of someone's fire to grab something.
Original code
The enemy's harm is great ①, take advantage of the situation, and be firm and soft ②
Notes
① The enemy's harm is great: Harm refers to the difficulties and dangers encountered by the enemy.
②Gangjuerouye: The hexagram "Yang" in "Yi Jing" is the hexagram that overlaps (the upper hexagram is Dui). Dui is Ze; the lower hexagram is Qian, and Qian is Tian. Dui Shang Qian Xia means there is a sign of flood rising to the sky. Hardness determines softness. "Jue" means to rush through, rush away, and get rid of. Because the Qian hexagram is the first hexagram of the sixty-four hexagrams, Qian is the sky, which is a good fortune and auspicious divination, so the original meaning of this hexagram is to strive for the top, to be strong and unyielding. The so-called Hardness and softness are the masculine hexagram of Qian and the feminine hexagram of Chongjue. This strategy uses "hardness" to describe oneself and "softness" to describe the enemy, which means taking advantage of the enemy's danger and taking advantage of the situation to win.
Notes
If the enemy is inside, the country will be robbed; if the enemy is outside, the people will be robbed; if the enemy is inside and outside, the country will be defeated and robbed. For example: The king of Yue took advantage of the crabs in Wu. He did not leave any seeds behind and planned to attack them. When Wu Bei met the princes in Huangchi, the country was empty, so he attacked them and won a great victory. Entering the Pass indiscriminately.
The sixth plan is to attack the east, but in fact it is a tactic that creates a false impression on the enemy. >
Original Canon
The enemy's will is in chaos ①, but he is not aware of ②, and the image of Kun's lower body is matched with upper ③, which makes him take it involuntarily
Comments
< p> ① The enemy's will is chaotic and cui: Quoting the word "Xiang" in the hexagram "Cui" of the Book of Changes: "It is chaos, and his will is chaotic." Cui means that the enemy's emotions are chaotic and haggard. Haggard.②Buyu: Unexpected,
③Kun Xia Dui Shang: Cui hexagram is overlapping (Kun Xia dui Shang). , Dui is Ze; the lower part is Kun, and Kun is earth. It has the image of Ze water flooding the earth, and floods flowing across it.
This strategy is based on the hexagram "Kun Xia Dui Shang", which means that "the enemy's will is in chaos", resulting in a situation full of mistakes and dangers. I want to seize the enemy's inability to control himself. The chaotic situation, flexible and flexible use of time east and west, seeming to attack and seem to leave, not attacking but showing off to attack, wanting to attack but showing off not to attack, etc. tactics, further causing the enemy's illusion, and unexpectedly winning in one fell swoop. .
Note
In the Western Han Dynasty, the seven kingdoms rebelled, but Zhou Yafu stood firm and refused to fight. Wu soldiers rushed to the southeast corner of the wall, and Yafu prepared for the northwest. However, the elite troops of the King of Wu attacked the northwest and were unable to enter. This enemy's will is not disturbed and he can go away on his own. At the end of the Han Dynasty, Zhu Jun surrounded the Yellow Turbans in Wan, built a siege and built a fortress, raised a mountain of earth to approach the city, and beat the drums to attack the southwest. All the Yellow Turbans went to attack, and Jun himself sent five thousand elite soldiers to cover the northeast, and took advantage of the opportunity to enter. This enemy's will is chaotic and chaotic, so there is no danger. However, the strategy of attacking in the east and attacking in the west depends on whether the enemy's will is disordered. If there is chaos, you will win; if there is no chaos, you will be defeated. This is a dangerous strategy.
Story
Han Xin crossed the Yellow River with wooden poppies.
[Edit this paragraph] The second set of enemy tactics
Strategies for a situation where the enemy is evenly matched. Or leap into the abyss.
The seventh strategy is to create something out of nothing
This refers to saying that there is something that does not exist in the first place. Now described as fabricated out of thin air.
Original Canon
It is not a lie, it is actually what it is. Shaoyin, Taiyin, Taiyang ②.
Notes
① Lie, not lie, actually lie: lie, cheat, deceive. Reality, reality, realness, here is the verb of intention. The meaning of the sentence is: Use illusions to deceive the other party, but not just one lie to the end, but to let the other party regard the deceived illusion as the truth.
②Shaoyin, Taiyin, Taiyang: The "Yin" refers to the illusion, and the "Yang" refers to the truth. The meaning of the sentence is: Use large and small illusions to cover up the truth.
Note
To show that something exists when there is nothing is to lie. Deception cannot last long and is easy to detect, so everything can eventually disappear. When something is created out of nothing, it is true from deception, and reality from emptiness. It is impossible to defeat the enemy, and the enemy is defeated when something is created. For example: Linghu Chao surrounded Yongqiu, Zhang patrolled the Song Dynasty with more than a thousand people, covered with darkness, and hung down the city at night; Chao soldiers fought to shoot it and got hundreds of thousands of arrows. After that, they waited for the rest of the night, and the Chao soldiers laughed, and without any equipment, they cut down the Chao camp with 500 dead men, burned the barrier, and chased them for more than ten miles.
Story
Zhang Yi tricked Chu into helping Qin.
The eighth plan is to secretly infiltrate Chencang
The latter often refers to carrying out some kind of activity secretly (mostly referring to the affair between men and women).
Original Canon
To show it by moving ①, it helps it to be still and have a master, "it benefits from movement and becomes auspicious ②".
Notes
① Show it by moving: show it to others. Movement refers to military operations such as frontal feints and feints to confuse the enemy.
② Yidongerxun: The words come from the "Book of Changes". "Benefit" hexagram. Yi, the name of the hexagram. This hexagram is a superposition of different hexagrams (Zhenxiaxunshang). The upper hexagram is Xun, and Xun is wind; the lower hexagram is Zhen, and Zhen is thunder. It means that the wind and thunder are stirring, and their power is getting stronger and stronger, so the hexagram is called Yi. The meaning of the hexagram "Shu" is in opposition to each other, forming a unified group. The word "彖" in "Yi Gua" says: "As the sun moves, it moves, and the sun advances without borders." This means that the shock of the Yi Gua is thunder and movement, and the sunda is the wind and smoothness. Then, moving and reasonable is the natural land. Long, the benefits are endless.
This strategy is to use the enemy to be deceived by my "showing him to move", and I will take advantage of it to achieve a surprise military victory.
Notes
Strange things come from the right, and there can be no surprise without right. If you don't know how to build a plank road, you can't cross Chencang secretly. In the past, Deng Ai's camp was north of Baishui; Jiang Weiyuan and Liao Hua's camp were south of Baishui, and they set up camp. Ai said to the generals: "We ordered the soldiers to return, but our army is small. We should come to cross over without building a bridge. This Wei envoy will support me. The order cannot be returned. We must attack Taocheng from the east." Ai then hid his army at night. , all the way to Taocheng. Vigo comes to cross over. But Ai arrived first and occupied the city, which was not broken. This is because Jiang Wei was not good at using the strategy of crossing Chencang secretly; but Deng Ai knew about his plan to attack the east and attack the west.
Story
Han Xin’s extraordinary troops conquered the Three Qin Dynasties.
The ninth plan is to watch the fire from across the river
Watch the fire from across the river. It is a metaphor for not helping others in distress but just watching the fun.
Original Canon
Yang is in disorder ①, Yin is waiting for reverse ②. Violent and willful Sui ③, its potential will kill itself. Shun Yi moves Yu, Yu Shun moves ④.
Notes
① Yang is in disorder: Yang means public. Obedient, disobedient, uncoordinated. This refers to the intensification of internal conflicts within the enemy, to the point where it openly manifests chaos and strife in many aspects.
② Yin is waiting for the reverse: Yin, dark. Rebellion, rebellion. This refers to secretly watching the enemy's changes and waiting for the enemy's situation to deteriorate further.
③ Violence: Violence, violence, violence. Sui, do whatever you want.
④Shun Yi moves Yu, Yu Shun moves: the language comes from the Book of Changes. Hexagram "Yu". Yu, the name of the hexagram. This hexagram is a superposition of different hexagrams (Kun is at the bottom and is at the top). The lower hexagram of this hexagram is Kun, which is earth, and the upper hexagram is shock, which is thunder. Thunder is born from the ground. Thunder emerges from the ground, breaks through the ground, and flies freely in the air. The word "彖" in "Yu Gua" says, "Yu, just respond to the will and move, and follow the movement." It means that the meaning of Yu Gua is to move with the time. Just because the meaning of Yu Gua is to move with the time, the heaven and the earth can move. Just go with it and do things naturally.
This plan is to use the philosophy of this hexagram to act in accordance with the times, saying that if you sit back and watch the enemy's internal changes, I will not rush to take offensive measures, let it change, "sit on the mountain and watch the tiger fight", and finally Let the enemy kill himself. When the time comes, I will reap the benefits and succeed in one fell swoop.
Notes
If you are aggressive, you will be attacked if you push, and if you retreat, chaos will arise. In the past, Yuan Shang and Yuan Xi went to Liaodong with thousands of riders. At the beginning, Gongsun Kang, the governor of Liaodong, was dissatisfied. When Cao Cao broke Wuwan, or Cao Sui conquered it, Shang brothers could capture it. Cao Cao said: "We will send Shang and Xi to their heads with beheads, so we won't bother the troops." In the ninth month, Cao Cao led his troops back from Liucheng, and Kang immediately beheaded Shang and Xi and passed on their heads. When the generals asked him why, Cao Cao said: "He is afraid of Shang. If I rush, I will use both forces; if I slow down, I will follow the plan, and the momentum will be the same." Or he said: This is the way of attacking with fire, according to the book of war. The first paragraph of "Fire Attack Chapter" talks about the method of fire attack, and the second paragraph talks about the principle of careful action, which is also consistent with the meaning of watching fire from the other side.
Story
Guo Jia plans to destroy the Yuan family.
Plan 10: Hidden sword in smile
It is a metaphor for being kind on the outside but sinister on the inside.
Original Canon
Believe it and be at peace with it ①, use the shadow to figure it out ②, be prepared and then act, don't let it change. Hard in the middle and soft in the outer. ③.
Notes
① Believe and be at peace with it: Believe, make believe. An, to make peace, to be safe, this means not to be suspicious.
② Yin is used to illustrate: Yin, secretly.
③Hard in the middle but soft in the outer: soft on the surface, hard and sharp on the inside.
Notes
The Art of War says: "Those who resign themselves to be humble and get better prepared are advancing; ... those who ask for peace without an agreement are plotting." Therefore, all the enemy's clever words, commands, and looks are murderous intent. Exposed. Cao Wei of the Song Dynasty knew about Weizhou and ordered Mingsu, which made the people of Xixia fear him. One day when Wei Fang was playing chess against a guest, there would be thousands of traitors who would flee to the Xia Kingdom. When the cavalry (mounted scouts) reported their arrival, all the generals turned pale when they looked at each other, and the official smiled as usual. Xu said that he was riding on the sun. "My order is that you should not speak out." When the Xixia people heard this, they thought they were attacking themselves and killed them all. This is also used to adapt to circumstances. If things go wrong with Gou Jian. It means that it will be safe for a long time.
Story
Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty wisely destroyed Nanchen.
The eleventh strategy: Li Dai Tao Zhan
Originally refers to peach and Li *** being in trouble. It is a metaphor for brothers loving and helping each other. Later it was used to refer to contradicting each other or taking the blame for others.
Original Canon
There is bound to be a loss. Lose Yin to gain Yang①.
Notes
① Lose Yin to benefit Yang: Yin: This refers to some subtle and local things. Yang, this refers to things that have an overall meaning and are global. This means that in terms of military strategy, if the final victory can only be achieved at the cost of some loss or defeat, the commander should make a decisive decision and make some partial or temporary sacrifices to preserve or strive for an overall and overall victory. This is a military strategy formulated based on the ancient Chinese Yin-Yang theory that Yin and Yang complement each other, restrain each other, and transform into each other.
Notes
The feelings between us and our enemies have their own strengths and weaknesses. In war, it is rare to win completely, and the secret of victory or defeat lies in the comparison of long and short, which is the secret of using short to defeat long. For example, the lower Siu is against the upper Siu, the higher Si is against the middle Si, and the middle Si is against the lower Si. This is the unique and cunning plan of a sincere military strategist, which is very reasonable and predictable.
Story
Sancha used a plan to protect the orphan.
The twelfth strategy is to lead the sheep easily
To lead the sheep easily. It is a metaphor for something that can be obtained without any effort and by taking advantage of the opportunity. Nowadays, it mostly refers to theft by taking advantage of others' things.
Original
Every small gap must be multiplied by ①; every small profit must be obtained. Shaoyin, Shaoyang ②.
Notes
① Micro gaps must be multiplied: Micro gaps, tiny gaps, refer to certain loopholes and negligence of the enemy.
②Shaoyin, Shaoyang: Shaoyin refers to the enemy’s small omissions, and Shaoyang refers to our small gains. This sentence means that we must be good at seizing opportunities, waiting for gaps and exploiting weaknesses, and turning small omissions of the enemy into small gains for ourselves.
Note
Where a large army is moving, there are many gaps. Take advantage of the gaps to gain advantage, not necessarily victory. It can be used for victory and defeat.
Story
Chasing the deposed Emperor Zheng He on his voyages to the West.
[Edit this paragraph] The third set of offensive tactics
A strategy for being in an offensive situation. The flying dragon is in the sky.
The Thirteenth Strategy: Strike the Grass to Alert the Snake
Move the grass to alert the snake hiding in the grass. Later, it is used to refer to not doing things carefully and acting carelessly, which makes the other party aware of it.
Original Canon
If there is doubt, tap it to confirm the truth ①, observe and then act; if it is complex, it is also the matchmaker of yin ②.
Notes
① To confirm the doubts: knock, ask, investigate. It means that if you find any doubts, you should investigate and investigate clearly.
② The compounder is the matchmaker of yin: the compounder is to do it repeatedly, that is, to knock on the substance repeatedly and then move. Yin refers to certain hidden things and situations that are not yet obvious or exposed. Medium, medium. The sentence means to repeatedly investigate and then take corresponding actions. It is actually an important means to discover hidden enemies.
Notes
The enemy's power is hidden and the conspiracy is deep. You cannot advance lightly and you should explore its front.
The Military Book says: "If there are dangers, wells, reeds, mountains and forests beside the army, you must be careful to search for them. They are hidden by traitors."
Story
The Wei army was defeated at Mumen Road.
Plan 14: Resurrection through corpses
Superstitious people believe that the soul of a person can attach to the corpse of another person and be resurrected after death. It is later used to describe something that has died or declined, and then reappears under another name or in another form.
Original text
Those who are useful should not borrow ①; those who cannot be used, please borrow ②. Borrow what cannot be used and use it. The bandit asks Tongmeng, and Tongmeng asks me③.
Notes
① What is useful cannot be borrowed; it means that many things in the world that seem to be very useful are often not easy to control and are used for one's own purposes.
② If you can’t use it, ask for a loan: This sentence means the opposite of ① sentence. That is to say, some things that seem to be of no use can sometimes be used to make a difference for me. Just like if I want to "resurrection", I have to use the seemingly useless "corpse".
This term about the art of war means that a military strategist must be good at seizing every opportunity, even seemingly insignificant ones