People love chrysanthemum at first, not because of its unique ornamental value, but mainly because of its medicinal and practical value. As early as the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Qu Yuan once wrote a famous sentence in Lisao, which read "Mulan in the morning, chrysanthemum in the evening". It can be seen that someone had eaten chrysanthemums as vegetables at that time. In the Han Dynasty, people paid more attention to the medicinal value of chrysanthemum, and the Shennong Materia Medica Classic listed chrysanthemum as the top grade, saying that "long-term service of benefiting qi and blood, keeping fit, and prolonging life". It is suggested that chrysanthemum has anti-aging and beauty effects. Tao Hongjing in the Northern and Southern Dynasties believed that taking white chrysanthemum "can make the head not white"; Tao Yuanming of Jin Dynasty also spoke highly of the efficacy of chrysanthemum wine. He wrote in his poem: "There is no shadow in the swallow, but there is sound in the wild goose. Wine can eliminate all worries, and chrysanthemum can solve aging. " Li Shizhen in Ming Dynasty wrote in Compendium of Materia Medica: "Chrysanthemums bloom in spring, autumn flowers bloom in winter. Suffering from four qi first frost, the leaves are bitter and sweet, and the nature is peaceful. It used to be said that it can dispel wind and heat, benefit liver and tonify yin, but many elites don't know that it is golden water, which can benefit two organs of golden water (note: golden water refers to the lungs and water refers to the kidneys). Replenishing water can make a fire, benefiting gold can make the wood flat (note: wood refers to the liver), and the wood flat can calm the wind and reduce the fire to remove heat. It is used to treat the leaders of various winds, and its purpose is profound and subtle. Yellow people enter Jinshui Yin point, white people enter Jinshui Yang point, and red people enter female blood point, all of which can be used as medicine, refreshing and obedient. Its seedlings can be used as vegetables, leaves can be sipped, flowers can be used as bait, roots can be used as medicine, bags can be used as pillows, and brewing can be drunk. From beginning to end, it is useless. " From this passage, Li Shizhen explained the function of chrysanthemum in detail. "Once"? According to county records, there is a valley in the mountains of Lixian County, Nanyang. Chamomile is everywhere on both sides of the valley, and petals often fall into the water. Over time, the taste of this stream is particularly fragrant and sweet. More than 30 families living on both sides of the lower reaches of the valley have lived by drinking this stream for generations, and they have lived a long life for generations. Long-lived people are 120 to 30 years old, middle-aged people are 100 years old, and the shortest life expectancy is 70 to 80 years old. During the tenure of several governors in Nanyang, Lixian people were appointed to send chamomile water to the stream for drinking on time. The book Legend of Immortals also records examples of Kang Fengzi and Zhu Ruzi taking chrysanthemums to become immortals. Although it is not credible that taking chrysanthemum can become immortal, the effect of chrysanthemum on prolonging life and making people look young and long-lasting is certain.
Modern research has confirmed that chrysanthemum has the function of regulating cardiovascular function and anti-aging, which is closely related to the fact that chrysanthemum contains many trace elements (selenium is the most anti-aging substance), vitamin A and vitamin B 1.
Pharmacological research also confirmed that chrysanthemum contains about 0. 13% of volatile oil, and contains stevioside, adenine, choline, stachydrine, amino acids, flavonoids, class A microbial substances, vitamin B 1 and Robinia pseudoacacia. Chrysanthemum morifolium has certain inhibitory effect on gram-positive bacteria and human tuberculosis in vitro, and also has inhibitory effect on some skin pathogenic fungi. In addition, chrysanthemum preparation can dilate coronary artery, increase coronary blood flow, thereby alleviating cardiac ischemia, enhancing myocardial contractility and increasing oxygen consumption, and enhancing the resistance of capillaries.
There are several kinds of medicinal chrysanthemums, such as Huang Ju (the best quality is Chrysanthemum morifolium), Chrysanthemum morifolium (also known as chamomile) and Chrysanthemum indicum, but not all chrysanthemums are edible. Edible chrysanthemum, also known as real chrysanthemum, is mainly produced in Guangdong and is the ingredient of dishes. Chrysanthemum brain, widely eaten by southerners in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces, is a variety of wild chrysanthemum. At present, it is planted in front of and behind houses, which is a good raw material for people to make soup in summer.
Chrysanthemum morifolium, a compositae plant, has a sunscreen effect and has a certain effect on preventing ultraviolet rays from damaging the skin. Sunscreen and sunscreen lotion made from chamomile extract can prevent normal skin from tanning, and can prevent and treat eczema, allergic dermatitis and other disfigured diseases. It can also be made into children's cosmetics such as children's cream, baby cream, baby shower gel, etc.
Nature and taste: flowers, roots and seedlings are cool, bitter and sweet. Leaves, flat, pungent and sweet.
Chrysanthemum has the effects of expelling wind, clearing away heat, detoxifying and improving eyesight. Indications: headache, dizziness, wind-fire, red eyes, heart heat, furuncle and toxic swelling. Roots and water are used to treat furuncle and swelling. Miao medicine can clear liver and improve eyesight, and is mainly used for dizziness and blurred vision due to head wind. Leaves are used for clearing away heat, improving eyesight and benefiting five internal organs, and are mainly used for treating furuncle, carbuncle, head wind, dizziness, red eyes and tears.