There was a great artist and collector among the emperors of the Song Dynasty in China. Who is this man?

Eleven sons of Song Shenzong, the painter of the Northern Song Emperor in China and the younger brother of Zhezong, died of illness. Empress Dowager made him emperor, the eighth emperor of Song Dynasty (reigned1100 ~125), who reigned for 25 years, died of torture after being captured, at the age of 54, and was buried in You Yongling (now Zhejiang).

During his reign, Cai Jing, Tong Guan, Gao Qiu, Yang Jian and other treacherous court officials were used to plunder people's wealth, and set up an article bureau for the royal family to enjoy. He also looked for exotic flowers and stones everywhere and transported them to Kaifeng, known as the "Flower Stone Gang", in order to build Yanfu Palace and Genyue. He believes in Taoism, calling himself "Emperor Daojun, the leader of the school" and has built great projects. In the second year of Xuanhe (1 120), the emissary made an agreement with the rulers to attack Liao. In the seventh year of Xuanhe, Jin Jun went south to attack the Song Dynasty. He was transferred to Zhao Huan (Qinzong) and claimed to be the emperor's father. In the second year of Jingkang (1 127), he was captured by the Jin army together with Qinzong.

During Song Huizong's reign, he extensively collected antiquities, calligraphy and painting, expanded the Hanlin Painting Academy, and asked civil servants to edit books such as Xuanhe Pu Shu, Xuanhe Painting Spectrum and Xuanhe Bo Gu Map, which greatly promoted and advocated the art of painting. He is good at playing the piano, painting and calligraphy, singing songs and writing lyrics. He has written many works in his life, all of which have been lost. The surviving painting is "Lotus Brocade"

Before he became emperor, he liked painting and calligraphy, and he interacted with painters such as Xu captain and imperial clan Zhao. After he ascended the throne, he was politically incompetent, but he made great achievements in painting and calligraphy, and made important contributions to the development of China's painting. One of them is his emphasis on and development of the Academy of Painting. He stayed in Chongning (165438+) for three years. Painting is divided into six branches: Buddhism, Taoism, figures, landscapes, birds and animals, flowers and trees, and houses and trees. The poems of the ancients were selected as examination questions. After being admitted, they are divided into "scholar flow" and "miscellaneous flow" according to their status. They live in different places, are cultivated and constantly evaluated. Those who enter the painting academy are given the right painting, art, imperial edict, sacrifice and sacrifice. In addition, as a painter and painter, Hui Zong gave guidance and care to the creation of the Academy of Painting, which made the creation of the Academy of Painting in this period the most prosperous. Under his instructions, the royal collection was also greatly enriched, and the paintings and calligraphy collected in the palace were compiled into "Xuanhe Shupu" and "Xuanhe Shupu", which became important materials for studying the history of ancient painting today.

Evonne's own creative features are not as detailed as he asked the painters in the Academy of Painting, but rough ink paintings. Many of the works handed down from generation to generation are his autographed works, but the paintings are more detailed. For example, Dragon Stone Map, Golden Rooster Map, Listening to Songs Map, Snow River Returning to the Mountain Map (all in the Palace Museum), Ruihetu (in the Liaoning Provincial Museum) and Bamboo and Two Birds Map (in the Metropolitan Museum of America) are all masterpieces recognized by experts, only in Nielsen, USA.

The famous Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival is also related to the painting and calligraphy emperor. After Zhang Zeduan finished this long scroll praising the history of peace and prosperity, he first presented it to Song Huizong, so Song Huizong became the first collector of this painting. As a master of calligraphy and painting in the history of China, Song Huizong couldn't put it down. He wrote the words "Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival" on the painting with his famous "skinny" calligraphy, and made a small seal of Ssangyong (now).