Koulu Zhang Qingyang Chen Xiaoqin Yue Wei
study
Nalan Chengde was a famous Manchu poet in Qing Dynasty. Among his 349 poems, 133 used reduplicated words.
Seeing overlapping words has an extremely important influence on Nalan Chengde's ci creation.
Keywords: overlapping words in Chengde dialect of Nalan
Nalan Chengde was a famous Manchu poet in Qing Dynasty, whose original name was Chengde and later renamed.
Rong Ruo was born in Zhenghuangqi, Manchuria, during the reign of Emperor Kangxi.
Jinshi, official to first-class bodyguard. The collection of side hats (later renamed as the author of Beverage)
Water collection), green water pavilion miscellaneous knowledge and so on. , once edited "Tongzhitang Jingjie". he
Ci enjoys a high reputation not only in the literary world of Qing Dynasty, but also in the whole literary history of China.
It also has a place with Nalan Ci.
That is published by Beijing Publishing House Group and Beijing Ancient Books Publishing House.
LanChengDe collection * * * received three hundred and forty-nine words, including thirty years of kangxi (male
Yuan 169 1 year) published "Tongji", with 300 words, which was collected in volumes 6 to 9.
Que, the four que in Drinking Water Poetry compiled by Kangxi in the autumn of thirty years.
Guangxu six years (AD 1880), the 40th edition of Nalan Ci in Xu Zeng Garden.
Tan, 1937, Chen Naigan's Famous Sentences in Qing Dynasty, Volume 4, Tong
The word "Three Ques" was written by Mr. Zhao Xiu's good friend Zhu Yizun in 2004.
One of the ninety-ninth articles of Nalan Cong Hua published by the library.
"Overlapping" means repeating the same word or monosyllabic word without interval.
Heaped rhetoric is a unique revision of ancient Chinese and poetry.
The way you talk. The use of reduplicated words in ancient poetry can coordinate tones and enhance language.
The sense of rhythm, music, image and lyricism of words create artistic conception and increase
Aesthetic implication. At present, there is no definition and classification of reduplicated words in grammar.
Final conclusion. According to whether monosyllabic words have the function of independently forming morphemes and monosyllabic words
There are two criteria to judge, that is, whether the semantics of nodes and reduplicated words are consistent, and reduplicated words are divided into reduplicated words.
Simple words and overlapping compound words.
Among the 349 existing Nalan Ci poems in Bian Que, Bian Que's You 133 are used.
Reduplication involves gradual, subtle, small, whispering, serving the pulse, year after year, and silk.
Silk, vivid, indifferent, carefree, embarrassed, small, life, Yi Yi and so on ***85
In a word. Among these words, there are both overlapping simple words and overlapping compound words.
First, the expression of reduplicated words in Nalan's ci.
The main forms of reduplication in Nalan Ci are AA and AABB.
Overlapping monosyllabic words are mainly subordinate, and AABB hardly exists, such as:
(1) The wind is from Zhejiang, and the rain is sunny, so it is no wonder that spring worries are added in detail. (Practitioner 29)
(2) The guanidine pulse tickles the diamond wire, which makes Wu Ji's eyes tender. (check 60)
(3) The longest night was sentenced, and the number of nights was all due to fainting and rain. Raw tea seeds at℃ 6 1)
. .
(4) Jade leaks away, and cold flowers separate Yu Di in the dream. (Caisang 1 12)
(5) When the ice meets the river, there is a vast sadness. (Bodhisattva Xia 1 36)
(6) The oblique wind and drizzle make the curtain hang down. (Ruan Langgui 16 1)
(7) people are embarrassed and think about Yi Yi, and there is no tree crow. (Partridge Day 203)
In addition, the phenomenon of homophone substitution also exists in the reduplicated simplified words in Nalan Ci.
The functional distinction of homophones is not obvious. For example:
(8) The wind is rustling, and the rain is rustling, as thin as snuff for another night. (sang Cai
Children 1 1 3)
(9) boring to pick up the residual lights, dark rain empty court. Rainy days are unbearable. (waving.
Tao Sha 19 1)
(10) midnight is sad, reminding you to dream before the stars. (Operator Simon 107)
(1 1) Sorrow, bleak yellow flower festival. (a wound cable 15 1)
This phenomenon is determined by the nature of monosyllabic words, because monosyllabic words
The main function of pure words is to simulate sounds and describe shapes, as opposed to overlapping.
As far as compound words are concerned, their meanings are vague and they are used subjectively and casually.
More sexual.
Overlapping compound words are also used in Nalan Ci, mainly as follows
Slave type, AABB type. For example:
Subordinate type:
(1 2) It's easier to see a divorce than to see a difficulty. It's hard to forget the past
General (Huanxisha 83)
(1 3) Silver garlic curtain is silent, and Hosta knocks on bamboo. (Huanxisha 84)
(14) It was another eventful February wind, and a wisp of goose yellow was cut off. (Operator Yong)
Liu 106)
(1 5) Come and go in a hurry, who wants to wait for the dawn bell to break? (Xiao looking for
Temple dream 184)
(16) Hugh fell off the Hosta and both of them were taken aback. (Yuxiangzi 208)
(1 7) It rained a little at night, and the frozen clouds and trees hung low. (Linjiang d4242)
AABB type:
(19) The night is generous and sad, urging you to dream before the stars. (I- Calculate-R Simon 107)
(19) After a few bamboo shoots, the leaves rustled. (Caisang 1 12)
(20) Sadness, bleak yellow flower festival. (A twined rope 15 1)
(2 1) Pingshan Liuqu deep courtyard has ups and downs every day. (Qingpingle 156)
(22) Chutian's soul and dreams fade, and Qingshan withers. (He blasphemed God 178)
Wanfang data (23) sells Cui quilt cover, and the curtain is shocked, and it is a little bit.
Tears. (autumn water listening to rain 288)
(24) Lonely is Qiu Lai, with a little extreme voice, helping others leave. (Sulfur
Shadow banana 299)
Second, the multifunctional and part-of-speech characteristics of the overlapping words in Nalan Ci.
In Nalan Ci, reduplication has many grammatical functions. The same reduplication
Can appear in different positions of a sentence and form different syntactic components. For example:
(25 y leaves rustling, country roads far away, Liuqu Pingshan and Mengyao. )
Mulberry wine El 1 17)
(26) The cool moon turns to the carved aperture, and the rustling leaves sound dry. (He blasphemed God 178)
(27) Listening to the rustling of the phoenix tree, the autumn sound is heavy today. (Cut the phoenix tree, since
Du Qu 297)
(28) Life must be carpe diem, you know? It's easy to get cold feet (Romantic
Son, autumn suburb 300)
(29) Rolling the rustling trees in the Yangtze River, sending the white geese in the distant sky to mourn. (Jiang
Say goodbye to the west and give it this gift (3 18)
(30) No matter how safe it is, the water will flow every year, and the sound of "water control" will be short in autumn. (Red
Bridge nostalgia, Wang Ruan 100)
(3 1) Don't think about the past of the bright moon, you can also know how to reduce the years. (Lin Jiangshan is lonely
Wild goose 247)
(32) Liang Yan came back from double, with long pulse. (Bodhisattva Xia 126)
(33)-I am deeply in love and bitter, and my pulse sinks in the sun. A bunch of flowers are swimming.
Ice iron lotus 259)
Who can know the pulse of this situation and say goodbye to the old friend? (Nian Nujiao 283)
(35J) Only colored lines and fragrant incense will last forever. Touch the fish, it rains in the afternoon.
See 323)
In Nalan's 349 poems, * * * used the words "Gui Gui" and "Fan".
Language application research Through the list, we can divide these reduplicated words into the following categories:
(1) noun. Such overlapping words include "year after year" which means time.
Day after day, more and more, and so on, and the noun "everyone, cloud" that means things.
Clouds, wind, rain, stars, etc.
(2) adjectives. There are many such reduplications, among which reduplication is relatively simple.
The words are "sad, unintentional, generous, yingying, invisible, flying" and so on, which are overlapped into words.
And "one after another, carefully, quietly" and so on.
(3) verbs. There are not many such reduplications, such as "go, go,
Hang down, shake "and so on.
(4) Onomatopoeia. There are few such overlapping words, such as "rustling, swishing,
Sao Sao "and so on.
(5) adverbs. There are few such reduplications, only one is "hurry".
(6) quantifiers. This kind of reduplication is small, including "Shuang Shuang" and "pian".
Fragments, water drops, dots, etc.
As can be seen from the above classification, adjectives in reduplicated words are the most, with names.
The number of parts of speech such as words, verbs and adverbs is relatively small. The reason why this happens.
The situation is mainly related to their part of speech characteristics. If adjectives have descriptions.
Sex, while nouns mainly refer to and name objective things, without shapes to describe them.
The meaning of adverbs is vague, mainly used to express scope, degree and emotion.
State, tone, etc.
Thirdly, the function of the overlapping words of Nalan words on the expression of the subject's emotions.
Reduplication, as a unique lexical phenomenon in Nalan Ci, has a great influence on the subject of the word.
The expression of body emotions has a very important influence.
Overlapping words have a strong image, and using overlapping words can center the words.
The body's emotions are clearly expressed. The generation of subject emotion is often the subject.
The product of the fusion of internal consciousness and objective things outside the subject. And subjective feelings
The expression of feeling is often based on the description of objective objects, so it is objective.
The more vivid the description of eighty-five objects such as Fan, Lingling, Tingting, Mighty, Dull and Shanshan, the more vivid the feelings of Cantonese people can be expressed.