Introduction
Chang'e is also known as Chang'e. female. Characters in mythology.
Extraordinary beauty, she flew to heaven and became an immortal, living in a fairy palace on the moon.
The tomb of Chang'e is located on Tiantai Mountain in Rizhao City, Shandong Province, next to the tomb of Dayi. It is said that Dayi and Chang'e pioneered monogamy. In order to commemorate them, later generations performed the story of Chang'e flying to the sky.
According to historical records, Dayi unified the various tribes of Dongyi and formed a powerful country. Because this country is composed of many tribes that worship the sun, it is called the "Ten-Sun Kingdom" in the "Book of Mountains and Seas".
The Diwang of the Ten Days Kingdom is located in the south of Rizhao City, Shandong Province on the coast of the East China Sea (see the article "Research on the Diwang of "The Classic of Mountains and Seas"). The ruins of King Yao's City, which is now a national historical relic protection unit, was the capital of the Ten Days Kingdom. Tiantai Mountain on the south side of Yaowangcheng ruins (now part of Rizhao Tanggu Sun Culture Source Tourism Scenic Area). In the Rizhao Tanggu Sun Culture Source Tourist Scenic Area, there are also many sun worship relics such as the Sun Stone, the Sun God Mausoleum, the Old Mother Temple, the Ancestor Statue, and the Sundial.
Dayi and his wife Chang'e (later interpreted as the flying Chang'e) were buried on Tiantai Mountain in the Tanggu Sun Culture Source Tourist Scenic Area in Rizhao after their death. The locals call it the Mausoleum of Dayi.
Edit this paragraph Chang'e flies to the moon
There are many versions about Chang'e flying to the moon, and there are many contradictions
This is one of the versions:
According to legend, one year in ancient times, ten suns appeared in the sky. They were so scorching that the earth smoked and the sea water dried up. It seemed that the people could no longer live their lives.
This incident alarmed a hero named Hou Yi. He climbed to the top of the Kunlun Mountains, used his supernatural power, drew his magic bow, and shot down nine superfluous suns in one go.
Hou Yi accomplished extraordinary feats and was respected and loved by the people. Many people with lofty ideals came here to learn from him. The treacherous and evil-minded Peng Meng also sneaked in.
Soon, Hou Yi married a beautiful and kind-hearted wife named Chang'e. In addition to spreading his skills and hunting, Hou Yi stayed with his wife all day long. People envied this loving couple with talent and beauty.
One day, Hou Yi went to Kunlun Mountain to visit friends and seek enlightenment. He happened to meet the Queen Mother who was passing by, and asked the Queen Mother for a package of elixir. It is said that if you take this medicine, you can immediately ascend to heaven and become an immortal.
However, Hou Yi was reluctant to leave his wife, so he had to temporarily give the elixir to Chang'e for collection. Chang'e hid the medicine in the treasure box on the dressing table, but Pengmeng saw it.
Three days later, Hou Yi led his disciples out for hunting. Peng Meng, who had evil intentions, pretended to be sick and stayed.
Soon after Hou Yi led everyone away, Peng Meng broke into the backyard of the inner house with a sword and forced Chang'e to hand over the elixir.
Chang'e knew that she was no match for Peng Meng. In the critical moment, she made a prompt decision, turned around, opened the treasure box, took out the elixir and swallowed it in one gulp.
Chang'e swallowed the medicine, and her body immediately floated off the ground, rushed out of the window, and flew to the sky. Because Chang'e cared about her husband, she flew to the moon closest to the world and became an immortal.
In the evening, Hou Yi returned home, and the maids cried about what happened during the day. Hou Yi was frightened and angry. He drew his sword and went to kill the villain, but Peng Meng had already escaped. Hou Yi was so angry that he beat his chest and stamped his feet and screamed. The grief-stricken Hou Yi looked up at the night sky and called his beloved wife's name. At this time, he was surprised to find that today's moon was particularly bright and bright, and there was a swaying figure that looked like Chang'e.
Hou Yi hurriedly sent people to Chang'e's favorite back garden, set up an incense table, placed her favorite sweetmeats and fresh fruits, and offered sacrifices to Chang'e who was attached to him in the moon palace.
After the people heard the news that Chang'e flew to the moon and became an immortal, they set up incense tables under the moon and prayed to the kind-hearted Chang'e for good luck and peace. From then on, the custom of worshiping the moon during the Mid-Autumn Festival spread among the people.
Another version is:
According to legend, Hou Yi and Chang'e were both people from Yao's time. The myth says that during Yao's time, ten suns appeared in the sky at the same time. The land was scorched, the crops were withered, and people were breathless from the heat and fell to the ground unconscious. Because of the scorching heat, some strange birds and beasts also ran out of the dry rivers and lakes and flaming forests, killing people everywhere.
The disasters on earth alarmed the gods in heaven. Chang Jun, the Emperor of Heaven, ordered Hou Yi, who was good at archery, to come down to earth to assist Yao in eliminating the suffering of the people. Hou Yi came to the world with a red bow, a bag of white arrows given to him by the Emperor of Heaven, and his beautiful wife Chang'e.
Hou Yi immediately began to fight against Japan. He took off the red bow from his shoulder, took out the white arrows, and shot them one by one at the arrogant sun. In an instant, nine of the ten suns were shot away, just because Yao believed that one sun should be left behind for the people. It was useful and stopped Hou Yi from continuing to shoot. This is the famous story of Hou Yi shooting the sun.
However, Hou Yi's great achievements were jealous of other gods. They went to the Emperor of Heaven to slander him, so that the Emperor of Heaven finally alienated Hou Yi and finally demoted him to the human world forever. After being wronged, Hou Yi and his wife Chang'e had no choice but to live in seclusion in the world and rely on Hou Yi to hunt for a living.
How did Chang'e fly to the moon? There are various versions in ancient books.
According to the record in "Huainanzi", Hou Yi felt sorry for his wife who had been relegated to the mortal world due to his involvement, so he went to the Queen Mother of the West to ask for the elixir of immortality, so that they could live harmoniously in the world forever. Chang'e couldn't get used to the poor life. When Hou Yi was not at home, she secretly took all the elixir of life and fled to the moon. Another theory is recorded in Qu Yuan's "Tianwen" (about 340 BC), which states that Hou Yi later became unfaithful to Chang'e and had an affair with Hebo's wife, which caused great dissatisfaction to Chang'e and left her. Hou Yi ran to heaven. After Chang'e flew to the moon, she quickly regretted it. She thought of her husband's daily kindness to her and the warmth of the world. Compared with the loneliness in the moon, she felt even more desolate.
Li Shangyin of the Tang Dynasty wrote:
The candle shadow on the mica screen is deep, the long river gradually sets and the dawn stars sink;
Chang'e should regret stealing the elixir, the blue sea and blue sky at night Night heart.
Su Shi of the Song Dynasty wrote in the lyrics of "Shui Diao Ge Tou":
"When will the bright moon come? Ask the sky for wine. I don't know the palace in the sky. What year is it today? I want to take advantage of it. When the wind blows away, I am afraid that it will be too cold in the high places. I dance to clear my shadow, when will I be in the world?"
Chang'e was originally called Chang'e in the Western Han Dynasty to avoid Emperor Liu of the Han Dynasty. Heng's taboo was changed to Chang'e. Some people combine Li Shangyin's poetry with Su Shi's lyrics. Make a couplet to summarize her flight to the moon: "The elixir must have not been stolen. Looking at the blue sea and blue sky, where can I place my heart every night? When will the bright moon come? I am afraid of the beautiful buildings and jade buildings, so I can't stand the cold in the high place."
Edit the relationship between Chang'e and "Journey to the West" in this paragraph
Marshal Tianpeng in Tianhe was demoted to the lower world and mistakenly reborn as a pig because he was drunk and molested Chang'e, becoming Zhu Bajie later. Chang'e's Jade Rabbit descended to earth and became a monster and caused mischief. Later, she was subdued by Taiyin Xingjun and Chang'e and took back to the Moon Palace, eliminating a problem on the way to the West for Buddhist scriptures.
Edit this ancient poem
Chang'e
Author: Li Shangyin
The candle shadow on the mica screen is deep, and the long river gradually sets and the dawn stars sink.
Chang'e should regret stealing the elixir, and her heart will be filled with blue sea and blue sky every night.
All notes
1. Chang'e: the moon fairy in ancient mythology. "Huainanzi·Lan Mingxun": "Yi asked the Queen Mother of the West for the elixir of immortality, and Heng'e stole it and flew to the moon." Heng also acted as a concubine.
2. Mica screen: a screen inlaid with mica stone. This says that Chang'e was alone in her room in the Moon Palace. At night, she was accompanied only by the shadow of candles and the screen.
3. Long River Sentence: The Milky Way gradually tilts to the west, the dawn star will also disappear, and another lonely night has passed.
4. Blue sea: "Ten Continents": "Fusang is on the east coast of the East China Sea. The shore is straight. It can be reached by land for ten thousand miles. There is a blue sea in the east. The sea is as wide and narrow as the East China Sea. The water is It's neither salty nor bitter, it's pure blue."
Rhyme translation:
The mica screen is dyed with a thick candle shadow,
The Milky Way gradually tilts. The falling star has also sunk.
Chang'e must have regretted secretly taking the elixir.
Now she is alone with the blue sea and blue sky, and feels chilled every night.
Appreciation
This article satirizes those who believe in gods and seek immortality. Taking Chang'e as an example, it is said that after she secretly took the elixir of immortality and became an immortal, she would always taste the loneliness in the moon palace. While satirizing falsehood, the poet raised an important philosophical question of life: What is the meaning of life? The question that arises from this problem is: How should people live? What is the purpose of longevity or even immortality? Between love and immortality, what should a realistic person choose? The author obviously does not agree with Chang'e's sacrifice of this worldly life in exchange for immortality. He believes that such a lonely and eternal life is actually torture and destruction of life. Rather than this, it is more meaningful than the children of the world to love with joys and sorrows, and to persevere with gatherings and separations.
The artistic skills of this poem are also very mature. The whole poem aims to reveal the philosophy of life, but it does not use conceptual language at all, but tells a touching story and inspires people to think.
Predecessors have said various things about this poem, including self-inflicted injury, cherishing others, mourning death, and satirizing women's crowns. Liu and Yu's "Jijie" says: "The theory of mourning is the most incomprehensible. ... Although the three theories of self-harm, cherishing others, and women's crowns seem to be unrelated, they are actually connected. ... Inferring Chang'e's psychology is actually very dark. The author's own situation and state of mind. Chang'e stole medicine and flew to the moon, staying away from the hustle and bustle of the world. Although she was extremely pure and quiet, the blue sea and sky every night were hard to get rid of. Innocence and intolerance to loneliness are very similar to the poet's contempt for vulgarity, yearning for nobility and falling into physical and mental loneliness. It is quite natural that Chang'e, Nü Guan and the poet are all in one. "The environment is similar and the mind is connected."
Edit this paragraph "Chang'e" project
After the State Council officially approved the lunar exploration project, the lunar exploration project leading group named the project "Chang'e" Project" and named the first moon-orbiting satellite "Chang'e-1". The "Chang'e-1" satellite was developed by the China Academy of Space Technology. It is mainly used to obtain three-dimensional images of the lunar surface, analyze the distribution characteristics of relevant material elements on the lunar surface, detect the thickness of the lunar soil, and detect the Earth-lunar space environment.
Chang'e-1 was launched at 18:05 on October 24, 2007!
The humanistic significance of "Chang'e-1" lunar exploration
The successful launch of "Chang'e-1" shows new achievements in China's satellite launch technology, and also shows another step forward in China's aerospace technology. A huge progress, but from a humanistic perspective, the "Chang'e-1" lunar exploration may be more practical and meaningful.
Let’s learn astronomy knowledge. In the vast universe, what celestial bodies do the earth, the sun and the moon represent? What is the relationship between the three? What is the relationship with other celestial bodies? How big is the universe? Why is the earth very small even though it is large? With the help of With the recent curiosity and joy about the "Chang'e-1" lunar exploration, mastering more astronomical knowledge will help us better understand the astronomical significance of the "Chang'e-1" lunar exploration.
Let’s review aerospace knowledge. What are artificial satellites? What are the categories of artificial satellites? To what extent have artificial satellites developed? What are their orbits? When was the first satellite launched by various countries in the world? What are the uses of artificial satellites? What is the historical origin of China's artificial satellites? Review these artificial satellite knowledge and understand why the "Chang'e-1" lunar exploration is implemented from the perspective of aerospace.
Let’s have a cultural thought about the moon. Throughout history, at home and abroad, many historical allusions, legends and works related to the moon have been left behind. The moon has become a humanistic and spiritual celestial body that is closely related to human beings. In memory of the culture attached to the moon, we will Let us admire the moon more poetically. The moon is also the moon of culture. The humanistic attributes of the moon have great enlightenment on our humanity.
Let’s look up at the stars. Many of us have become accustomed to the busy pursuit of fame. We have become accustomed to looking straight up and down at the road ahead of us. However, we are not accustomed to looking up at the stars. A person who is not good at looking up at the stars often lacks a tolerant and cool heart. , and lack a sense of awe for the universe and life, which makes us feel lost and confused. Without understanding the profound beauty of the starry sky, it will be difficult to truly understand career and life. If you move forward at a different pace, then look up at the starry sky. .
Let’s think about wasting energy. Human beings are keen on exploring the moon. A very important reason is that the energy our earth relies on for survival is already very limited. However, there are two resources on the moon that will make significant contributions to the earth and provide new ideas for solving the energy problems faced by mankind. First, the moon can receive abundant solar energy; second, the moon is rich in mineral resources, especially the nuclear fusion fuel helium-3, which will likely become a long-term, stable, safe, clean and cheap fuel resource for human society.
The process of "Chang'e-1" lunar exploration is a process in which we improve our scientific literacy and cultivate the spirit of scientific exploration. It is also a process in which we spread the wings of scientific imagination and fantasize, and it is also a process of rational thinking. View the lunar exploration from the humanistic significance of the "Chang'e-1" lunar exploration. We can not only gain scientific literacy, but also gain a rational attitude towards life and life insights. This may be more meaningful than blind applause and excitement.
"The candle shadow on the mica screen is deep, the long river is gradually setting and the dawn stars are sinking; Chang'e should regret stealing the elixir, and the blue sea is clear every night." This seven-character quatrain by Mr. Li Shangyin, a famous poet in the late Tang Dynasty, is deep and delicate It vividly depicts a beautiful woman, a theft suspect, her lonely and regretful thoughts, and her bitter and sad thoughts.
Chinese mythology is not as systematic as ancient Greece or ancient Egypt, resulting in many different versions of "Chang'e flying to the moon" being circulated. The differences in some details may be insignificant, but some contrasts lead to completely different images and completely different themes.
From Armstrong, Aldrin to Yang Liwei, we know the desolation of the moon. Legends are of course unverifiable, and the characters may be nothing more than symbols with symbolic significance, and there is no truth at all. However, comparing the different opinions and different plot developments over thousands of years, and using today's thinking habits and aesthetic tastes to analyze and compare (after all, the legends of various ethnic groups not only belong to culture, but also belong to the category of aesthetics), this may be the only visible reality. significance. In fact, this significance becomes even more insignificant considering that even definite historical events often make later generations lament that "the world is impermanent".
Beautiful Spring
Ms. Chang'e is also called Chang'e, and some also call her surname Chunhu and her given name Chang'e.
There are many theories about Chang'e's life experience. One theory is that Chang'e and Chang Yi are the same person. "Chang Yi, the wife of Emperor Jun." Emperor Jun was Emperor Ku. He could speak when he was born and named himself "Jun". Chang Yi was one of his four concubines, and the son he gave birth to later ascended the throne, and Chang Yi died before Emperor Ku. Even if the concept was open at that time, it was impossible to remarry Yi, who was a minister. (One woman marries two husbands?) The reason why later generations will confuse Chang'e and Chang Yi is that there is another legend that Chang Yi was named Yue Guan by the Yellow Emperor. Emperor Ku is the great-grandson of Huangdi, so Chang Yi should be his great-grandson's wife. As mentioned before, the inheritance relationship between Chinese gods is very vague and lacks logic, so it is not suitable to delve into it. In short, it is a mess.
Another theory says that she is the daughter of Emperor Ku and Chang Yi. It is generally believed that Chang Yi only gave birth to two children for Emperor Ku, one boy and one girl, of which the boy was the evil Emperor Zhi. The history of girls' names has been lost, and they are generally called "emperors' daughters".
Legend has it that the emperor's daughter lived with a five-colored spirit dog named Panhu in Nanshan for three years, and later gave birth to six sons and six daughters (multiple twins?!). These children later became husband and wife to each other. They also had "good clothes in five colors, and they were all tailor-made in the shape of a tail." They are regarded as the ancestors of the "barbarians", as the saying goes, "red beards, horizontal skirts, descendants of Panhu." Of course, Chang'e may be the adopted daughter of Chang Yi, or an illegitimate daughter born before entering the palace, but it is just I guess it's not in the book.
Perhaps, our Chang'e may not have any background, but is just an ordinary Xiaojiabiyu or even a village girl. Her temperament and character are completely different in various versions of the legend, either greedy or loyal. But the only thing that can be determined is that Chang'e is a very beautiful woman. This is a prerequisite for most stories and one of the reasons why it can be passed down to this day.
How to be beautiful? Without rock paintings and pottery sculptures, people today have no idea and cannot have an intuitive understanding. Moreover, aesthetics are constantly changing over time. The beauties in ancient Greece had straight waists and regular body measurements. They considered fertility as beauty. In modern times, beauty-loving women would not hesitate to remove a few ribs to create a willow-shaped waist. Even in modern times, Europe began to advocate small apple-like breasts in the early days (see the French Fontainebleau School and the old Lucas of Germany); look at today's Gaudi. Spieth (British model Jordan) has breasts that are almost artificially grown as watermelons. China's traditional aesthetics has been deeply impacted and has been seriously westernized. From this point of view, Chang'e may be bloated and fat, with a face covered with tattoos, a flat eyelid, a flat nose and high cheekbones, but such an imagination would be too disgraceful. The author relied on the Book of Songs. The article "Shuo Ren" in "Wei Feng" describes the grace of Ms. Chang'e: "Hands are like catkins, skin is like gelatin, collar is like a cricket grub, teeth are like gourd rhinoceros. With a slender head and eyebrows, a charming smile, and beautiful eyes. .
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