Archaeology belongs to the field of humanities and is an important part of China's historical science. Most other countries in the world are subordinate to anthropology, and some are classified as art history. Its task is to study the history of ancient human society according to the material data left by ancient humans through various activities. Physical materials include all kinds of relics and relics, most of which are buried underground. Only through scientific investigation and excavation can they be systematically and completely revealed and collected. Therefore, the basis of archaeological research lies in field investigation and excavation.