Stepping into the black bamboo gate facing south, there is a row of flat houses facing west, and the third room is Santan reflecting the moon.
About 345 square meters, the plaque of "Three Tans Printing the Moon" hangs in the middle. Under the plaque is a picture of a pine deer, a tall and straight old pine tree with a fat sika deer squatting under it. There is a square table and a high-backed chair in the middle of the bookstore, which is the seat of Mr. Shou Jason Wu, the teacher of the school. Students' desks are located around the library, near the northeast wall, with a rectangular desk with drawers and a wooden chair with armrests. This is where Mr. Lu Xun used to study. Lu Xun studied there, studied calligraphy and taught his homework, or wrote "Jingchuan Paper" to describe Xiu Xiang in novels such as Dangkou Zhi and The Journey to the West. There is a circular cave door on the south wall of the bookstore, and there is a small plaque inside, which is called "Stop the clouds and take a nap". This is a small room, where Mr. Shou Lao receives guests or rests.
There is a garden behind the bookstore, which is more than twenty feet long from north to south and ten feet wide from east to west. There is a small brick flower bed at the foot of the east wall. There is a Chimonanthus praecox at the northern end of the flower bed and a bunch of Tianzhu at the southern end. There are two osmanthus trees around the garden that are more than a hundred years old. Every year in August of the lunar calendar, osmanthus flowers are in full bloom and the fragrance is intoxicating. When Lu Xun was studying in San Tan Yin Yue, he often came to the small garden to play with his classmates after school.
San Tan Yin Yue is the study of Mr. Lu Xun's teacher Shou. Lu Xun studied here from 12 to 17. Just opposite the Lu Xun Memorial Hall, in the middle of the library is the teacher's square table and wooden chair. A hardwood desk with two drawers in the northeast corner was used by Lu Xun, and the word "made" in the upper right corner of the desktop was carved by Mr. Wang himself. All the furnishings in it have retained their original style.
The theory of "three flavors"
Shou Zhulin, the second son of the teacher Shou of "San Tan Yin Yue", once explained: "Three flavors vividly compare the taste of reading ancient books such as poetry books and hundreds of schools to three flavors. When I was a child, I listened to my father and brother, reading classics like rice, reading history like vegetables, and reading hundreds of books like acyl sugar (xοh m:I) (sugar is a sauce made of meat or fish). But where this code comes from is hard to find. " After exploring Li Shu's "Handan Bibliography" in Song Dynasty, he said: "The poetry book is too thick, the history is broken, and the son is acyl, which is three flavors." It is believed that the "three flavors" may come from this. There are a pair of hugs on the pillars on both sides of San Tan Yin Yue where Lu Xun studied, which read: "Music is silent and filial piety is the only thing, and soup is a poem". It can be seen that the "three flavors" in San Tan Yin Yue should be used in this way. However, there are still many people who have doubts about this: how can a scholar like Shou, who is "a square, simple and knowledgeable person in our city" (see Mr. Lu Xun's article "From Baicaoyuan to Santan Reflecting the Moon") describe reading with "Yao Zhuan" and "Meat Sauce"? If it is a plaque in a restaurant or pub, it can also be used as a plaque in a bookstore. This explanation seems far-fetched.
At the same time, Shouyu, the son of Shoushou, said: "This explanation has played down the spirit of ancestors' resistance to the Qing Dynasty. In his article, he said, "I have heard the explanation from my grandfather Shou Jason Wu more than once. Grandfather's explanation of the meaning of' three pools printing the moon' is' warm clothes, fragrant roots and long poems'. "'Buyi' is the common people, and' Buyi Wen' is willing to be a common people and not willing to be an official." "Vegetable root fragrance" is satisfied with simple food, not envious or yearning for the enjoyment of food; "Poetry has a long flavor" refers to carefully understanding the profound content of poetry, so as to obtain a deep and long flavor. This first point "warm clothes" is very important. This is the ideological core of my ancestors Feng Lan Gong and Gong. The failure of industry made them see the decadent nature of the Qing Dynasty. They think that being an official in the Qing dynasty, harming the country and the people, is to harm others and harm themselves. Therefore, the direction of running a school is also regarded as the life guide of his descendants, and his descendants are not allowed to take the exam to be an official. They should be content with warm clothes, fragrant dishes and a taste of poetry. "Shou Yu said that Shou Jason Wu had told him before his death:" The meaning of these three flavors can't be told to outsiders, let alone seen in words. This is the family rule set by our ancestor Qiao Yun, because the spirit of' Sanwei' has obvious anti-Qing tendency, and once spread, it may lead to fatal disaster. "
In addition, some people think that it is borrowed from Buddhist language. "Sanwei" is a transliteration of Sanskrit Samadhi. Its original meaning refers to three realms of reading Buddhist scriptures and understanding the meaning of the scriptures: one is "determination", the other is "acceptance" and the third is "holding", which means to stop distracting thoughts before reciting, so as to make the mind stable and focused; The attitude of understanding Confucian classics must be correct, and there must be all kinds of respect and piety; In the process of learning, you should concentrate on it and keep a consistent spirit. With the integration of Buddhist thought and Chinese culture, "Samadhi" gradually extended to a summary of the essential spiritual meaning of things, and some expressions such as "Samadhi" and "Samadhi" appeared to describe the accuracy and profundity of knowledge.
Some people think it is more than three in Dong Yu's biography of the Three Kingdoms: "Those in winter are at leisure, those in the night are at leisure, and those in the rain are at leisure." Later, it was changed to "three flavors". Some people verified that "three flavors" are "public surplus, meal surplus and tea surplus", but this hypothesis has been constantly questioned.
The story of Lu Xun and San Tan Yin Yue
When Lu Xun was a child, the place where he studied was near his yard, which was called "Three Tans Printing the Moon". Every day, Lu Xun studies and plays with several classmates, and invites a gentleman named Shou to teach. Mr. Shou's integrity, good teaching and local fame.
There are five tables and a coffee table in the bookstore. The table in the middle belongs to Mr. Shou, and there is a ruler on it. The other four sets of desks and chairs are "partners" who study with students, scattered in four corners of the classroom; And that coffee table is behind the teacher's desk, with a landscape painting on it. A wooden desk in the upper left corner is where Lu Xun once studied. It is said that Lu Xun used to be near the gate, but several students ran around the door after class, which was very naughty. He felt that it was too noisy and affected his study and rest, so he asked to change his seat.
On the lower right of Lu Xun's desk, the word "made" is engraved, and there is an interesting story about this word! It turned out that once, Lu Xun was late for bed and was slapped by the teacher with a ruler. This tastes bad! So, Lu Xun learned his lesson and carved an eye-catching word "early" on the lower right of the table (although he can't scribble on the table now, he didn't seem to be so particular before) to remind himself not to be late again.
Lu Xun also made a bookmark in twos and threes and put it in his book. The bookmark says "There are three ways to read: heart, eyes and mouth". He always tells himself that the heart, eyes and mouth should be used together when reading, so that the effect will be good.