After the Jingkang Incident, Li Qingzhao's country was destroyed, his family was destroyed, his husband died, and his personnel were injured. During this period, her works no longer had the freshness and pleasantness of the past, with shallow pouring and singing, but instead became melancholy and sad, mainly describing her longing for her late husband Zhao Mingcheng and her own lonely and desolate situation. This word is one of the typical representative works of this period.
The beginning of this poem is unusual, using seven sets of repeated words in a row. Not only in terms of lyrics, but also in composing music, it is unique. But the benefits don’t stop there. These seven sets of refrains are also full of musical beauty. Song lyrics are for singing, so tonal harmony is a very important content. Li Qingzhao had a profound knowledge of music, so when these seven sets of repeated words are read aloud, it feels like big beads and small beads falling on a jade plate. She could only feel the rasping sound singing back and forth, lingering and depressed, tactfully sad, like hearing a very sad person talking in a low voice. However, before she even opened her mouth, she felt that the audience could feel her sadness, and waiting for her to speak It's over, but the sad mood still hasn't dissipated. An inexplicable sadness filled my heart and air, lingering for a long time with an endless aftertaste.
The poet was in a bad mood, coupled with the warm and then cold weather, the poet couldn't even sleep. If he could fall asleep deeply, he could escape the pain for a short period of time, but the more he wanted to fall asleep, the harder it became, so the poet naturally thought of his deceased husband. Put on your clothes and get up, drink some wine to warm yourself up and talk about it. But coldness is caused by loneliness, and drinking wine is the same as drinking tea. Being alone will only make you feel particularly miserable.
While holding a glass of light wine, on a dark day with low clouds and a strong cold wind, I suddenly heard a mournful cry from a lone goose. That plaintive sound cut through the sky and then again. The poet's unhealed wound has left the white mandarin duck flying without its companion. The poet sighed: Alas, Yan'er, you scream so sadly and resentfully, are you like me, lost in old age? Are you like me, facing thousands of miles of mountains and dusk snow alone for the rest of your life? In the midst of random thoughts and misty tears, I suddenly felt that the lone goose was the one that had delivered love letters to me before. Helplessly, the flowers fall away, and the familiar swallow returns. The old messenger of love is still there, but Qiuniang and Xiao Lang are separated by life and death. People and ghosts are on different paths. Things are different and people are not the same. Everything is over, and the tears that want to speak are shed first. This wonderful thought contains infinite sorrow that cannot be expressed.
When I saw those chrysanthemums, I realized that the flowers were already haggard, and the ground was covered with red. They no longer had the elegance that they had in the past, when "drinking wine in the east fence after dusk, there is a faint fragrance filling the sleeves". The poet thought: In the past, the days when her husband was alive were so wonderful, singing poems and sorting out ancient books, but what about now? I was left alone to suffer from this boundless loneliness. The old objects are still there, but the faces are completely different. "In the old days, the weather and clothes were old, and there were only feelings, not the same as before." Looking at the lone wild goose and the broken chrysanthemum alone, I felt even more desolate. Holding her cheek in hand, tears filled her eyes. Afraid of dusk and endure the day. Facing this gloomy sky, how can a person survive until dusk? Loneliness makes loneliness even scarier. Being alone, even time seems to start to slow down.
We finally waited until dusk, but it started to rain again. Bit by bit, patter, the boundless rain is as fine as sorrow, which makes people's hearts even more upset. Then I saw the two sycamore trees outside the house. Although they were in the wind and rain, they supported and relied on each other. Compared with the two, I was much more miserable alone.
The strong wind and rain, the lonely wild goose and the broken chrysanthemums and sycamores, everything in front of him made the poet's sorrow pile up one after another until it was beyond words. He didn't know how to describe it, and it was difficult to express it. So the poet no longer needs any contrast, exaggeration, or comparison. He simply says: "This time, how can the word "chou" be so good?" Simple and straightforward, on the contrary, it feels more magical, more charming, and more chewable. . In comparison, even Li Yu's "Asking you how much sorrow you can have is like a river of spring water flowing eastward" pales in comparison. Although the spring water of a river is endless, it can still be described. The poet's melancholy cannot be described by pen and ink, so it is naturally better.
Predecessors commented on this word, which is mostly characterized by a series of overlapping words in the first three sentences. But if you only pay attention to this layer, you will inevitably miss the surface. The poem describes the protagonist's melancholy throughout the day, but it starts with "searching, searching, searching". It can be seen that she has been bored since she got up. If she has lost something, she looks around, like a person drifting in the ocean who needs to catch something to be saved. It seems that I hope to find something to express my emptiness and loneliness. The following "desolate and deserted" is the result of "searching and searching". Not only did I find nothing, but I was hit by a lonely and cold atmosphere, which made me feel miserable and sad. So I wrote another sentence "miserable, miserable, miserable". With only these three sentences, a melancholy and sad atmosphere has enveloped the entire article, making readers hold their breath. This is the result of all kinds of feelings bursting out in the body and having to spit them out, the so-called "can't stop".
The phrase "when it turns warm and cold" is also one of the difficulties in this word. This word was written in autumn, but the climate in autumn should be said to be "suddenly cold but then warm". Only the weather in early spring can use "suddenly warm but then cold". This is a morning of a day, not a season. In the early morning of autumn, when the sun first rises, it is said to be "warm at first"; but at dawn the cold is still severe, and the autumn wind is biting, so it is said to be "still cold". As for the word "Shi", some people think that it should be interpreted as "Jiushi" in ancient Chinese; but Liu Yong's "Yong Yu Le" says: "The wind relieves the dullness, the daytime scenery is peaceful, and the time is new." It is renewed by the rain. Ji, belongs to a relatively short period of time. It can be seen that the word "Shi" in the Song Dynasty was no different from modern Chinese.
The sentence "It's the hardest to breathe" echoes the sentence "Looking for a breath" above, indicating that I didn't know what to do from early in the morning.
The following "Three cups and two glasses of light wine can't stand up to the sudden wind", which is consistent with the above "warm and cold" above. The ancients drank wine at Mao hour when they got up in the morning, also known as "Fu Tou Mao wine". It is useless to say that drinking wine is the best way to relieve one's sorrows. As for the "wild goose" in "The wild goose passing by" below, it is the autumn wild goose coming from the south. It was the same one I saw in the north in the past, so it is said that "I am sad, but we are an old acquaintance." "Selected Interpretations of Tang and Song Ci" said: "The wild geese may not know each other, but those who say 'we knew each other in the old days' convey the meaning of nostalgia. Zhao Gu's "Hantang": "The heart of hometown is infinite, and a wild goose crosses the south tower." The poem has a close meaning. ”
The first film starts with a person searching for nothing, and writes about the difficulty of drinking to drown sorrow; the sound of flying geese in the wind only increases the melancholy of homesickness. So the next film moves from the autumn sky to my own courtyard. The garden is full of chrysanthemums, and autumn is in full bloom.
Here "the ground is full of yellow flowers