Wen Zi
Xuan Tong is a real person, Wen Zi, a representative of Huang Lao Neo-Confucianism at the end of the Warring States Period. His surname is Ming Xinming and Ji Ran. His name is Zheng Long, and he is a master of Kuiqiupu. I used to be the teacher of Lao Zi and Fan Li. Ming Xin absorbed hundred schools of thought's strengths in Wen Zi and continued to develop Taoist thought. He gave full play to Laozi's theory of Tao and thought that "Tao" was "Qi". For example, "Nine Poems" says "Tao": "I am invisible, muddy and one ... heavy and turbid gas is the ground, subtle gas is the sky, refined people, and clear gas is the worm." "Wen Zi Friedrich Hirth": "Yin and Yang edify everything, all born in one breath." Secondly, I think Laozi's inaction "is not to sit still and wait for death, but to rule out subjective assumptions and act according to objective laws." In the chapter "Nature", he pointed out that "inaction" does not mean that you can't draw, push, force, feel motionless, flow or disperse, but that your private ambition is not correct, your lust is not abolished, and you can do it rationally. He also advocates relying on the strength and wisdom of all people to do things. For example, in the next chapter, he said, "Therefore, what you do is invincible;" What all people's wisdom does is nothing. "Nature said:" With everyone's wisdom, the military fire is insufficient; Take advantage of others, the world is not enough. Therefore, a saint may do something because he has capital. "His thoughts were highly respected by the society at that time. In the first year of Tianbao, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, Xuan Tong was named as a real person, and the title was Xuantong Zhenjing.
Liezi
Xu Chong is a real person, a Taoist scholar from the late Spring and Autumn Period to the early Warring States Period. Liezi was named Yu Kou, also known as Lu Kou, Lu Kou and Zheng Guoren. He has been poor and hungry, but he refused the food given by Zheng's cruel ruler. He once asked Guanyin for advice and was famous for his good archery. He often learns the experience and methods of archery from Guanyin. Liezi, an important classic of the early Huang family, advocates quietism's thought of independent life, which can be summarized as "valuing emptiness" and "valuing righteousness". "Lu Chunqiu Two Chapters" said: "Liezi is precious." This kind of thought advocates getting rid of the fetters of the world seeking dignity and fame and fortune, letting nature take its course, treating objective existence as nonexistent and governing by doing nothing. For example, "Emperor Zhuangzi": "Nothing is a corpse, nothing is a government, nothing is a job, and nothing is a master." In the Warring States Policy, Han Zell called Liezi's words "Gao Zheng", which was close to the name of Confucianism. In the first year of Tianbao, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, it was named "Xu Chong Zhen Jing" with the title "Xu Chong Zhen Jing". In the fourth year (1004- 1008) of Jingdezhen, Song Zhenzong, the word "Zhide" was added, and the number was "Xu Chong Zhide Zhenjing". Song Huizong was called "a great real gentleman" after his death.
Zhuangzi
There is a real person in South China. Zhuang Zhou, a Taoist in the pre-Qin period, was named Zi Xiu, and Guo Song was a Mongolian. At the same time as Liang and Liang, he was an official of the lacquer garden. Song in the early Spring and Autumn Period and Warring States Period, and Liang in the late Warring States Period. Therefore, Liu called it Bielu: "Song Yiyu also." Lu Deming's Preface to Classic Interpretation says: "People from Liang County." Since then, he has lived in seclusion and poverty, but he is knowledgeable and wrote Zhuangzi. Sima Qian's Biography of Lao Zi and Zhuangzi's Biography of Shen Han said that his book "has more than 100,000 words, which is probably a fable." He wrote Fisherman, Stealing Foot and Turtle House to despise Confucius' disciples and to show Lao Zi's skill. "In fact, Zhuangzi is the best inheritor of Lao Tzu's thought. In history, Laozi and Zhuangzi also said that * * * built an ideological system with "Tao" as the core. However, Zhuangzi's thought is different from Laozi's. Laozi is noble and soft, and advocates avoiding surplus and preventing surplus in order to seek long-term protection for himself in the real relationship. Zhuangzi, on the other hand, thinks that the realistic relationship is a serious constraint on human nature and advocates being free and unfettered outside the realistic relationship. Zhuangzi also regards "Tao" as a natural noumenon, but he thinks that this does not mean that "Tao" has materiality, but a spirit that exists independently of matter. He repeatedly stressed that Tao is the noumenon that produces all things, but it is immaterial, and gave an example that "Tao is connected with Qi", but Tao is not Qi, and Qi originates from Tao. Finally, Zhuangzi concentrated Tao on "emptiness", and he said in "The World on Earth": "Only Tao focuses on emptiness. Empty people, the heart also fasted. "That is, to pursue the highest spiritual realm of" Tao "and work hard on" emptiness "to achieve the goal of externalization, externalization, exogenous, thorough and independent, so as to cultivate Buddhism and gain the Tao. And then push Laozi's thought to a new height. In the first year of Tianbao (742-756) of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, Zhuangzi was posthumously named the South China True Classic, and Zhuangzi was called the South China True Classic. Song Huizong named it "the exquisite real army of Tong Yuan".
Geng Sang Zi
Kang Cangzi, a real person in Dong Xuan, is said to be an ancient fairy and one of the representatives of the Huang family, also known as Zi and Geng Sang Zi. According to legend, Kang Cangzi (The True Classic of Dongling) was written by him. Legend has it that his surname is Geng Sang, Chu and Chen Guoren. Zhuangzi Geng Sangchu called Lao Dan's disciple Geng Sangzi "partial to Lao Dan's way". The Mirror of the Immortal Way in the History of the World, Volume 4, says that Chen Rengeng Sang Zi learned the old gentleman's way and could hear with his ears and eyes. Living in a mountain of fear, his ministers went there, and his concubines were separated for three years, which made him afraid. After swimming to Wu, he hid in the tomb peak and became an immortal, becoming a disciple of Laozi. Legend has it that he is an allegorical figure in Zhuangzi, so old-fashioned that he can be heard with his ears. Live in seclusion at Piling Peak and meet the immortal.
Kangcangzi mainly explains Laozi's words, expounds Laozi's thoughts, and inherits and develops Taoism's "Tao" theory. Tianbao in Tang Dynasty is considered as one of the four true classics of Taoism. Kang Cangzi believes that Tao is the root of all things. "Kang Cang Zi Quan Dao" said: "There are things, so they are raised. Confused people in this world often nourish things with sex, but they don't know the importance. Therefore, saints taste the sound, and donate it if it is beneficial or harmful. This is also the omnipotent way. " He also said: "Therefore, the system of saints and all things is also heaven, and heaven is god." God is omnipotent, careless, unplanned, idle, devoted to the universe, virtuous as heaven and earth, but not arrogant as emperor, not arrogant as husband. This is an all-powerful man. "This is to achieve a natural quiet state, get rid of all the worries of honor and disgrace, be in the Tao, and thus get the real Tao. His thoughts are consistent with Lao Tzu's main idea.