Other husbands got together, and Meng Jiangnv's husband built the Great Wall.
This song "Singing the Spring Tune", which is popular in the south of the Yangtze River, tells the story of Meng Jiangnv Wan Li crying and marrying the Great Wall. This story is widely circulated among the people in our country and is a household name. It is listed as one of the four major folklores in China along with Cowherd and Weaver Girl, Legend of the White Snake and Liang Zhu.
According to legend, Meng Jiangnv is a descendant of Qin Shihuang. Because her husband Fan Xiliang was forced to build the Great Wall, Wan Li sent cold clothes and cried at the door, which led to the collapse of the city. Her husband's bones were found and he died after being thrown into the sea. It reflects the female images in folklore who are loyal to love and resist tyranny. The story of Meng Jiangnv was first seen in Tong in the Tang Dynasty. "Tong Ji Xian" said that Yan Qiliang "avoided the battle of the emperor to build the Great Wall and fled into the backyard of Meng Chao; Meng Chao's daughter Zhong Zi (Meng Jiangnv) bathes in the pool and looks up at her. Please do something for his wife ... after the ceremony, the husband and wife returned to do good deeds, and the Lord angered her for running away, killing her and building the city. After learning this, Zhong Ziqi cried to the city. The bones of the deceased crossed each other and could not be identified. It means that blood drops into the bone, drains into good bone, and blood flows into the bone, so it will be buried. "
It is generally believed that Meng Jiangnv's story may be attached to the story of Qi Liang's wife crying and her husband dying in the Spring and Autumn Period in Zuo Zhuan, and later spread widely among the people through rap, stories, dramas, songs and other literary forms.
The story of Meng Jiangnu, from the wife of Qi Liang in the Spring and Autumn Period, gradually evolved into the legend that Meng Zhongzi cried and buried her husband's body on the Wanli Great Wall, and even developed into the plot that Meng Jiangnu confronted Qin Shihuang head-on and drowned, which concentrated on the tyranny of the landlord ruling class in feudal society and the working people's dissatisfaction and resistance to the cruel slave labor of the ruling class. This is an important reason why the story has a long history and is deeply rooted in people's hearts.
Because Meng Jiangnv's story has a long history, the content and plot are really different and have changed greatly, reaching an alarming level. Meng Jiangnv's names include Qi Liang's wife, Jiang Meng, Mencius and Meng Zhongzi. Qi Liang's names are Qi Liang, Liang Fan, Jiao Liang, Fan Qiliang, Wan Qiliang, Fan Xiliang, Wan Xiliang, Fan Xilang and Fan Shi Lang. Yujiangnv's birthplace includes Changqing, An Su, Tongguan, Sizhou, Wuzhou, Zhapu, Huating and Jiangning. Her death is beneficial to the theories of DuDu, Tongguan, Lizhou, Tongguan, Shanhaiguan, Suizhong, Donghai and Yalu River. She died by crying to death, exhaustion, hitting a wall, splashing water, jumping into the sea, touching rocks, climbing clouds, throwing cremation smoke, and living to 99 years old. The length of her crying down the city is 5 feet, 23 Li, more than 3,000 feet, 800 Li, Wan Li, 10 Wan Li. The cities where she cried and collapsed were Qicheng, Jucheng, Great Wall, Mulingguan, Tongguan, Shanhaiguan, Hancheng, Suizhong and Chang 'an. The route she took to find her husband was Hui River to the north, Qinling Mountain to the northwest, Sizhou to the Great Wall, Zhenjiang to Shanhaiguan and Qichengguan to Tongguan. There is really no agreement.
In addition to these minor problems, there are also great differences in the academic circles on the source and prototype of Meng Jiangnv's story.
In China academic circles, Mr. Gu Jiegang is the first person to study the story of Meng Jiangnv. He is not only a famous historian, but also has outstanding research results in folk literature, especially Meng Jiangnv's story. Some people say that Mr. Gu is the founder of the school. This is practical. The Story of Meng Jiangnv has been published for half a century, but it is still an important work about the story of Meng Jiangnv.
Mr. Gu thinks: "It is the wife of Qi Liang in Zuo Zhuan." Legend of "Zuo Zhuan" in the twenty-third year of Xianggong: In the Spring and Autumn Period, Qi Hou (Zhuanggong) attacked the State of Ju, and Qi Liang was the pioneer and was killed. When Qi Hou returned. When I met Qi Liang's wife in the suburbs, I expressed my condolences to her. She disagreed and said, "Qi Liang is guilty and there is no need to hang him; If he is not guilty, he still has a home. I shouldn't be hanged in the suburbs. " Qi Hou went to his house to offer condolences. This was in 550 BC. Mr. Gu's statement is: the name of her husband coincides with the name of the hero in Zuo Zhuan; The heroine cried for her husband to go to town, which was first seen in Zuo Zhuan.
Many scholars agree with Mr. Gu.
Some researchers also doubt Mr. Gu's judgment that Meng Jiangnu's story since the Tang Dynasty evolved from Qi Liang's story in the Spring and Autumn Period.
Japanese scholar Iikura Zhaoping pointed out in the article "About Meng Jiangnu": "The legend of the wife of Qi Liang is different from the story of Meng Jiangnu, which was finally formed between the Six Dynasties and the Tang Dynasty. The mysterious novels produced under the influence of Taoism and Buddhism during the Six Dynasties had a great influence on the story of Meng Jiangnv. " (Japanese Literature 1958 No.8)
In 196 1 The Legend of the Great Wall in Wan Li and the Genre of Chinese Folk Literature, the Soviet scholar Bao Fuqing pointed out: "Mr. Gu Jiegang's conclusion that the legend of Meng Jiangnv originated from ancient books is unacceptable." "The legend of Meng Jiangnv was actually produced by the people, and it was later written into a book, but due to various specific historical conditions, its plot has changed. It can be considered that the legend of Meng Jiangnu has nothing to do with the legend of the wife of the warrior Qi Liang. "
Lu Gong, a scholar in China, also believes that the two legends of Qi Liang's wife and Meng Jiangnu are fundamentally different in content, and their protagonists are also different in many ways.
However, Mr. Wang, an expert in folk literature, said: "Some researchers of Meng Jiangnu's story have doubts about Mr. Gu's judgment that Meng Jiangnu's story evolved from the story of Qi Liang's wife in the Spring and Autumn Period since the Tang Dynasty. On this point, I agree with Mr. Gu's conclusion. The reason, it's a long story, and we'll have to discuss it later. Two months ago (i.e. 198 1 year 10), I met the visiting Soviet sinologist Dr. and told him my views on Mr. Gu's judgment. He said that he was very young when he wrote Meng Jiangnv's thesis (only 49 years old now), which means that he may not have considered the problem comprehensively enough. It seems that he doesn't stick to his early views. "
The story of Meng Jiangnv has been circulated in China for more than 2,000 years. It is a treasure of Chinese folk literature, which has attracted the attention of academic circles at home and abroad and deserves our in-depth study in many aspects.