Is Qin Shihuang really as cruel and heartless as recorded in historical records? Thank you, everyone.

How to correctly evaluate Qin Shihuang's unification of China has done a lot of unprecedented work, and several influential ones are listed as follows: 1. Unify the written language, making it the foundation of a nation and continuing to this day; 4. Abandoning the enfeoffment system and establishing counties and counties became the standard mode of management after the reunification of China, which lasted for thousands of years; 13. unifying currency and weights and measures will greatly promote domestic business exchanges. 4. The cars are on the same track and the roads are at the same distance. The construction of Qin Zhi Road greatly facilitates domestic traffic; 5. Burn the history books of the six countries, unify thoughts objectively, and avoid splitting the country due to historical problems; However, the destruction of ancient books in various countries has made a considerable number of ancient cultural faults and ancient history in China dating, which is really regrettable; 6. The construction of Lingqu strengthens the control over the Pearl River Basin, making this area the territory of China forever; 7. Build the Great Wall to make it a natural dividing line between agricultural and nomadic peoples, and the Great Wall will become a national border for a long time; 8. Expedite to South Vietnam and bring Fujian, Zhejiang and Guangdong into Chinese territory. 9. Attack the Huns in the north and recapture the Hetao area, making this area the territory of China forever. So far, the basic pattern of China's unified multi-ethnic centralized state has been established. According to the historical evaluation of this passage, he was the first emperor in China, the founder of emperor honorific title and the founder of emperor system in China, which made China enter the era of multi-ethnic centralized monarchy. He also made China achieve political unification for the first time, forming a situation of "cars on the same track, books in the same language", which laid the foundation for the later dynasties to seek reunification. But since ancient times, Qin Shihuang has always been a controversial figure. When Qin Shihuang was in power, he annexed six countries and sent troops to explore the north and south. History contains "a hundred miles of land bowed down", "a thousand miles to the north" and "the king of Qin swept six rivers". According to the map of the Warring States Period, the territory is almost twice the area controlled by the Seven Heroes of the Warring States Period. Moreover, Qin Shihuang "set up a county" and paid attention to the rule of conquered land and system construction, unlike other contemporary conquerors such as Alexander of Macedonia or Caesar of Rome, who only emphasized conquest and did not emphasize system construction; Thus stabilized the unified land rule and laid the foundation for the present Chinese territory. Later generations thought that "his contribution was greater than Qin Huang's Hanwu". It means that Qin Shihuang is ahead of Han Wudi in achievements, which is unparalleled in history. Since Shang Yang's political reform, Qin attached great importance to the rule of law. Qin Shihuang inherited this tradition and admired Han Fei, a legalist figure. He once lamented that "if you walk with him, you will have no hatred." Reward and punish generals according to law. Although Qin Shihuang was autocratic and thought that "we rule the world", he still ruled the country according to law in the Qin Dynasty. Chen Sheng and the uprising, the reason is that "Qin law is harsh", and its crime is capital crime, so it has to be reversed, but the law forces the people to rebel. Nor is it like the "Zhumen wine stinks and frozen bones" in later generations. Because of serious corruption, officials forced the people to rebel. Later Confucianism advocated the rule of man, but not by law. A word was decided by the monarch, but the wind of rule by man and flattery still exists today. Qin Shihuang initiated the post station system and built post roads. It laid a technical foundation for the decree access of the huge empire and the resulting county-based imperial power country. "Building a post road and establishing a county" is a necessary condition for China to adopt the advanced county system to replace the western enfeoffment system. At the same time, Rome can't effectively control the occupied areas, and there is only one powerful governor (the governor is in charge of the military and political power of a place, all of whom are nobles, and the grass-roots organizations rely on the original local organizations), which is still similar to the enfeoffment system, which is a very important reason for the later division of the Roman Empire. The county system is a civilian system, and its military and political leaders are appointed by the emperor. According to their political achievements, their military achievements can be raised or lowered and leveled, which leads to the emergence of professional bureaucrats and professional soldiers. Professional bureaucrats and professional soldiers can come from civilians, and the county bureaucracy effectively guarantees the rights of civilians (cloth) to participate in the discussion of state affairs (for example, Reese and Meng Ao are both cloth, so they can only pay homage to each other according to military merits). Compared with the aristocratic politics of the feudal system, it is undoubtedly a huge historical progress. This is the origin of the civil service system and the military system in modern countries. The Qin Empire established by Qin Shihuang laid the foundation that China's political system was more advanced than that of the West in recent 1700 years. The so-called "Han inherited the Qin system", "its system was unchanged from Qin" and "Qin politics and law were practiced in previous dynasties". China, in the era of imperial power in 2000, basically followed the system of Qin Dynasty in political system.