Pear is people's favorite fruit. As early as the Wei Wendi period from 220 to 226 AD, Zhaozhou Sydney was a household name in China, and emperors of all dynasties regarded it as a first-class tribute with golden fruit. According to Buddhist scriptures, Tang Xuanzang went west to learn Buddhist scriptures and passed through Berlin Zen Temple (formerly known as Kannonji), the holy temple of Buddhism in Zhaozhou. He practiced here for another year and tasted Zhaozhou Li Ru (Zhaozhou Sydney), a specialty of Zhaozhou. Thus, in 630 AD, Tang Xuanzang wrote "The Tale of the Western Regions of Datang", which recorded that around the second century AD, China merchants brought pear to India for planting, and the fruit was huge and delicious. The story of the Indian king calling pears "Prince Han" is still widely circulated in the eastern part of Punjab, India. Li Shizhen's Compendium of Materia Medica in the Ming Dynasty also recorded that pears are called "quick fruit, fruit family, fruit family, jade milk, honey father, etc.".
Pear belongs to Rosaceae in botanical classification, and there are only two kinds of pears planted by human beings: China pear and Xiyang pear. China Pear, also known as Oriental Pear, originated in China and distributed all over the country, with the most abundant cultivation in Hebei, Shandong, Shaanxi, Liaoning, Henan and other places. The total output of pears in China accounts for about 1/5 of the total fruit output in China. There are many varieties of pears, including Sydney, Yali, dangshan pear, QiuPak Lei, Xiangshui, Shari, Dahuang and Crispy, all of which are excellent varieties, but Zhaozhou Sydney has the best nutritional and dietetic effects.
2 the nutritional value of pears
2. 1 Pear is rich in nutrition. Modern medical research believes that pears are rich in fructose, glucose, malic acid, vitamins and minerals. Because there are many varieties of pears, different varieties have different nutritional components. According to the latest information, in the food composition table of 199 1 (calculated by the weight of 100 g edible food) compiled by the Institute of Food and Nutrition, Chinese Academy of Preventive Medicine, the nutritional composition of Sydney is determined as follows. (See table 1)
2.2 Among various pear varieties, Sydney is one of the varieties with high nutritional value. Pear can promote the secretion of gastric juice, help digestion, stimulate appetite, lower blood pressure and calm down. Because Sydney is rich in sugar and vitamins, it can protect the liver and help digestion. Patients with hepatitis and liver cirrhosis often eat pears, which is of great benefit. In addition, because pears have the function of relaxing bowels, eating pears often can prevent constipation.
Chinese medicine believes that pears are sweet in taste and cold in nature, and have the effects of clearing away heat and purging fire, promoting fluid production to quench thirst, nourishing yin and moistening lung, resolving phlegm and relieving cough. Raw pears can relieve phlegm and cough, and cooked pears can nourish yin and replenish fluids. Suitable for fever, thirst, upset, sore throat, or lung heat cough, yellow and sticky phlegm, cough with little phlegm, hemoptysis and shortness of breath. In the 30th volume of Compendium of Materia Medica written by Li Shizhen in the Ming Dynasty, it is recorded that pears are "all top grade, which can cure diseases" and "mainly treat hot cough and quench thirst". Slice paste soup fire injury, pain relief is not bad, treat fever, stroke speechless. Treat typhoid fever, drive away Stan's hot air, frighten evil spirits, facilitate defecation, remove thief wind, stop anxiety, asthma and fever. Make the pulp spit wind phlegm. Those who die in the dark and don't talk will be beaten into juice. Those with fever in the chest should eat more. Moistening lung and cooling heart, resolving phlegm and reducing fire, relieving sore poison and alcohol poison.
2.3 There are some other ancient medical books that recorded the health care function of pears, for example, in the 6th century Tao Hongjing's "A Bielu of Famous Doctors". "Pears are sweet and cool, slightly sour, and have the effects of moistening dryness, clearing heat and resolving phlegm. It can cure fever, polydipsia, panic, hiccup, constipation and other symptoms. " In addition, for example, "Open House Materia Medica" contains: "Pear can cure fever, stroke, typhoid fever, relieve the heat of Dan Dan Shi, frighten evil spirits, and facilitate urination and defecation." Eating some pears while taking medicine can play an auxiliary role in treating and relieving the disease. "Daily Materia Medica" records: "Taking pear juice to remove Chinese bacteria can clear the heart and moisten the lungs, reduce fire and promote fluid production, and cure summer heat, polydipsia, cough, hematemesis and furuncle." In addition, it is recorded in New Theory of Materia Medica: "Pear can clear the heart and reduce fire, nourish kidney and yin, promote fluid production to quench thirst, remove annoyance and remove dampness." All of the above are about the functions of pears, and pears, peels and leaves also have medical functions. For example, "Compendium of Materia Medica" records: "Pear flowers can remove black powder from the face. Pear leaves are mainly used to treat cholera and vomiting, and can be boiled and decocted to treat cold hernia in children, mashed to get juice and relieve bacterial poisoning and water poisoning. Pear peel relieves typhoid fever and licorice can cure typhoid fever. "
Doctors in past dynasties called pear juice, water chestnut juice, lotus root juice, aloe juice and Ophiopogon japonicus juice as famous "five-juice drinks", which can be cold or hot, and can cure many diseases such as fever, insufficient body fluid and polydipsia after drinking.
3 pear diet
3. 1 Used for treating cold, cough and acute bronchitis. When there is a dry cough due to yin deficiency and no phlegm, use 1 big Sydney, wash and chop it up, and stew it with rock sugar. Or use 1 pear to cut a piece, remove the pear core, add 3 g of Fritillaria Fritillariae Cirrhosae powder, still cover the pear slices and steam them in a bowl for about 1 h, and eat pears with soup, one day 1 pear.
3.2 Promote fluid production to quench thirst, moisten lung and clear heat, and relieve cough and phlegm. Take pear juice to drink or take Sydney cream, each time 1 spoon, 2 ~ 3 times a day, or boil it with honey and bottle it, and mix it with hot water or cold water from time to time. Chewing pears is also wonderful.
3.3 Treatment of vomiting and indigestion. 1 big Sydney, put 15 petals into the pear, wrap 4 ~ 5 layers with wet paper, and cook the cooked food.
3.4 Eliminating phlegm and relieving cough. Mash pear juice and add ginger juice and white honey, or add ginger and white honey to pear paste.