Due to the loss of the author's surname, there are various speculations about whether it is a pre-Qin military book or even the specific time of its completion. After He Qufei first questioned Liu Tao in the Northern Song Dynasty, Ye Shi in the Southern Song Dynasty identified it as a fake book. Since then, scholars since the Song and Ming Dynasties have responded like mushrooms after rain. Song Lian, Hu Yinglin, Jiao 'an and Zhang Xuan in the Southern Song Dynasty, Yao Jiheng and Yao Nai in the Qing Dynasty, Liang Qichao in modern times and Huang in modern times all considered Tamia Liu as a fake book. There are also different opinions about when to falsify: First, it is said at the weekend that "Tamia Liu said it was a riding war, and his book should come from the weekend"; Secondly, Chu and Han said that "the six towers and three views of this biography were supplemented by the meddlers between Chu and Han"; Third, Tamia Liu in the later Han Dynasty was "fabricated by the later Han people"; Fourth, Wei and Jin said, "Han Zhiyou has six searches. I didn't know Taigong was dead. His book died at the end of Tokyo. In the Wei and Jin Dynasties, we talked about soldiers and collected the rest, namely Sui Zhi and Liu Tao. " In the early 1970s, bamboo slips "Tamia Liu" and "Taigong" were unearthed in Yinqueshan Han Tomb in Linyi, Shandong Province and Dingxian Han Tomb in Hebei Province. According to experts' research, the burial time of these two Han tombs was at the latest before Emperor Wen ascended the throne (BC 179), and it may also be at the time of Qin Chu (209-203 BC). The latter was broken by Emperor Gaozu in the third year (the first 55 years). Obviously, the writing time of bamboo slips should be before the tomb, and the writing time must be before the writing time; Since the burial date is the early Han Dynasty or Qin and Han Dynasties, the so-called forgery after Qin and Han Dynasties is self-defeating, and it is certain that Tamia Liu is a pre-Qin military book. This book was written in the pre-Qin period, which can not be solved by Han bamboo slips. In recent years, some textual research articles have been published, and there are two main opinions: one is the Spring and Autumn Theory, which holds that "the Six Roads era is likely to be in the Spring and Autumn Period of social change"; First, the Warring States said. Comparatively speaking, the Warring States theory is more reasonable, because: (1) Liu Tao began to adopt the thoughts of Confucianism, Taoism, France and Mohism, and this trend of integration and unification of various thoughts can only occur after the Warring States period, but not before the Spring and Autumn Period. (2) Liu's Tao Bingzhou Road quoted the Yellow Emperor's Yue 16 times, and the legend of the Yellow Emperor was first seen in Zuo Zhuan, Guoyu and Yizhou Book. These three ancient books are all works of the Warring States period. Although the materials may be earlier, the legend of the Yellow Emperor was popular in the Warring States period, especially after the middle of the Warring States period. Therefore, books quoting the words of the Yellow Emperor can only be published after the Warring States Period. (3) Six Towers describes in detail the formation of cavalry units, the selection of knights and the methods of riding and fighting. Its highest tactical unit is 200 riders, and the ratio of chariots to riders is one to six or one to ten. Its main task is to invite the enemy, chase, surprise attack and tickle the enemy. These situations did not occur in the Spring and Autumn Period, nor after the Han Dynasty, because the cavalry of the Han Dynasty had leapt to the top of all arms, and Han Xin used 2,000 cavalry to defeat Zhao. Emperor Wen used 100 thousand cavalry at a time, and the ratio of chariots to riders reached one to one hundred. Therefore, the riding war reflected in Liu Tao can only be the situation during the Warring States period. (4) The contents in Six Pagodas, such as "avoiding the main hall", "being a general", "being the master of a thousand riders" and "a million people", all reflect the characteristics of the Warring States period.
Shadow of Six Roads