(2) Xiate Ancient Road
(3) Taibai Ancient Road
(4) Jianmen Shudao
(5) Huizhou-Hangzhou Ancient Road
(6) Yin Ping Ancient Road
(7) Yuntai Ancient Road
(8) Jingxi Ancient Road
(9) Jingde Ancient Road
(10), Meiguan Ancient Road
Ten ancient hiking trails in China
In the dust of Chinese civilization for thousands of years, there were some ancient roads. They are sandwiched between ancient wild mountains and rivers, full of unknown dangers and poetry. Along them, Zhang Qian once went to the Western Regions, Princess Wencheng married far away, and Genghis Khan went on an expedition to the European continent ... These roads meandered through mountains, deserts and boundless grasslands. These roads carry not only the goods on horseback, but also the civilization at this end and that end of the road. (Excerpted from Le Tu)
The following are the top ten hiking routes compiled by Fuxi's descendants according to their hiking experience and related materials. Considering the walkability and actual situation, the Silk Road, the Tang-Fan Ancient Road and the Loulan Ancient Road are not among them.
First, the ancient tea-horse road
The ancient tea-horse road refers to the folk international trade passage which exists in the southwest of China and takes caravan as the main means of transportation. It is a corridor for ethnic economic and cultural exchanges in southwest China. The ancient tea-horse road is a very special place name and a unique tourist route with the most spectacular natural scenery and the most mysterious culture in the world. It contains inexhaustible cultural heritage.
The ancient tea-horse road originated from the tea-horse exchange in the southwest frontier of ancient times, and flourished in the Tang and Song Dynasties, Ming and Qing Dynasties and the middle and late World War II. The ancient tea-horse road is divided into Sichuan-Tibet and Yunnan-Tibet, connecting Sichuan-Yunnan-Tibet and extending to Bhutan, Nepal and India until the Red Sea coast of West Asia and West Africa.
The ancient Sichuan-Tibet tea-horse road began in the Tang Dynasty, starting from Ya 'an, a tea-producing area in the Asian and Zhou Dynasties, passing through Arrow Furnace (now Kangding), reaching Lhasa, Tibet, and finally reaching Bhutan, Nepal and India. It has a total length of nearly 4,000 kilometers and a history of over 1300 years. With profound historical accumulation and cultural heritage, it is an indispensable bridge and link between ancient Tibet and the mainland.
The ancient tea-horse road in Yunnan and Tibet was formed in the late 6th century. It starts from Simao and Pu 'er, the main tea-producing areas in Yunnan, passes through today's Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture, Lijiang City and Shangri-La, then enters Tibet and goes straight to Lhasa. Some also re-exported India and Nepal from Tibet, which was an important trade channel between ancient China and South Asia. Pu 'er is a unique commodity producing area and transit distribution center on the ancient tea-horse road with a long history.
Second, the Chater Road
Saudi Arabia, called Sandy Land Amantai in Qing Dynasty, is located at the foot of Hantengli Mountain in the southwest of Zhaosu, which is the traffic hub from Yili to Aksu. The Xiate Ancient Road starts from Xiate Ranch in Zhaosu County, Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture in the north and ends in Shuchengzi, Wensu County, Aksu Prefecture in the south. Connecting the north and south of Tianshan Mountain, with a total length of120km. It is a shortcut from Yili to southern Xinjiang and the most steep and famous ancient pass on the Silk Road. With the completion of the highway between northern and southern Xinjiang, this ancient road has long been neglected, and people have to approach the 2000-kilometer traffic line from Wensu County to Zhaosu County in northern Xinjiang. Due to the complicated geological conditions of the ancient road and numerous mountain passes, rapids and glaciers, building a road running through the ancient road has become a dream of a generation.
The ancient Saudi road is a high-risk hiking adventure route integrating archaeology and exploration. During the crossing, the fragmented Muzate Glacier, ice cracks, glaciers and the turbulent Nanmusat River all pose great threats to the explorers. In addition, horses can't pass through Muzate Glacier, and explorers have to carry all their own equipment and food. Marching in high-altitude mountainous areas is also a severe test of physical strength.
Third, Taibai Ancient Road
Taibai Mountain Ancient Road Scenic Area is located at the northern foot of Taibai Mountain, the main peak of Qinling Mountains, and its entrance is located in Chaihushan Village, Ying Ge Town, Taibai County, 45 kilometers away from Taibai County and 0/40 kilometers away from Xi/kloc. Celebrities such as Li Bai, Du Fu, Han Yu, Su Shi and Yu Youren have visited Taibai Mountain many times from this ancient road, and they have traveled all over the mountains of Taibai Mountain, leaving a lot of wonderful poems praising the scenery of Taibai Mountain. Entering from the mountain gate of Taibai Mountain, there is a temple every ten miles along the way. Now there are temples or sites from bottom to top, such as Lower Baiyun, Upper Baiyun, Great Hall, Camel Tree, Doudou Palace, Heianji, Xingsu Temple, Yang Fang Temple, Xiaowengong, Dawengong, etc. Lassendai Temple is at the top of Taibai Mountain at an altitude of 3,767 meters. This ancient road has changed its scenery, and the vegetation belt is clear. Glacier remains abound in the fourth season, and the landscapes such as pine forest, stone sea, stone river and ice bucket lake are breathtaking. "The ancient road remains the same, and this scene invites Deng Jun."
Fourth, Jianmen Shudao
Sichuan has "four wonders"-the wonder of Jiuzhai, the beauty of Emei, the seclusion of Qingcheng and the danger of Jianmen. The first three have all become tourist attractions. Although the sword gate is magnificent, it is like a forgotten corner. But it has always been a favorite place for Japanese and Southeast Asian tourists, and it was once a stop for Phoenix TV's "Millennium Journey" to visit civilization. What attracts people's pious footsteps and makes it a dignified page in the historical picture?
There are three Shu roads in the north of Guchuan: Jinniu Road, Yin Ping Road and Micang Road. The most important Jinniu Road is Jianmenguan Road. Zhuge Liang, the prime minister of the Shu and Han Dynasties in the Three Kingdoms, named Jianmenguan in the middle of Dajianshan (Jianmen Mountain), and built a flying Liangting Road between the big and small Jianshan Mountains, hence the name Jiange. The sword gate is like a wall, and the road is like a door. If one person keeps it, ten thousand people can't, which has become a battleground for military strategists in past dynasties and also the throat of the ancient Shu Road. From Fengzhou to Jianzhou, there are more than 90,000 bridge pavilions in the section of 1 10, all of which were built on cliffs, but now they are gone. Just a few years ago, a chengguan was rebuilt on the site of Menguan in Gu Jian, which became a brand-new symbol of the ancient road behind it.
Under the sword gate, the poet Li Bai lamented: "The danger is high, and it is difficult to go to the sky!" Jianmen Shudao. This ancient road starts from Xi in the north and ends in Chengdu in the south. It used to be the throat of the Central Plains to the southwest. However, it is located in the center of Jianmen Shudao and Guangyuan, Sichuan, and it is a battleground for the military strategists. Anyone who is interested in being king in Sichuan must first capture this natural barrier. Putting down the sword door is like taking Sichuan. Since the Three Kingdoms, Jianmenguan has been an extremely dangerous ancient battlefield. Jianmenguan spans the Shu Road and is a conglomerate peak stretching for hundreds of miles. The so-called "sword gate without land" refers to the extra-large conglomerate of sword gate. Seen from the front, this stone wall is like a natural battlefield, with iron walls blocking the thousands of miles of mountains in the Qinling Mountains and blocking the steps of the Central Plains. From the side, it looks like a huge wave, surging; From the back, it looks like a group of galloping horses, which makes all intruders daunting.
This dangerous pass is caused by nature. The ancient Sichuan basin is an inland sea. Crustal movement in Cretaceous, seawater falling, seabed rocks rising, forming hard conglomerate mountains. This mountain has 72 peaks, like a sword. Two mountains, large and small, face each other like doors, so they are called sword doors. Jianmen Shudao winds through the crack of the door.
During the Three Kingdoms period, when Kongming explored the Central Plains in the north, he passed by here. Seeing that the terrain was easy to defend but difficult to attack, he built a pass here and closed the sword gate. Now at Jianmenguan, there is also a Feiliangting Road at the mouth of the canyon, which was built to send military supplies; However, the Three Kingdoms Pass is magnificent, with a three-story watchtower and Jin Duo hanging from the cornices, clanging around the clock. The current Guguan Building was rebuilt by 1989.
The seventy-two peaks on the sword gate have witnessed the blood flowing for thousands of years. In history, no militarist captured the sword gate from the front. Only in 1935, under the command of Li Xiannian, the Red Army crossed the Jialing River, closed the door after detour, attacked Yingpanzui and conquered Jianmenguan. In countless battles, the story of Jiang Wei guarding Jianmenguan in the Three Kingdoms has been passed down through the ages. At that time, Jiang Wei, the general of Shu and Han Dynasties, turned away 100,000 troops of Wei Wargo with only 30,000 troops. Because the Romance of the Three Kingdoms is deeply rooted in the hearts of Japan and other Southeast Asian countries, "Jianmenguan" has become a scenic spot where people travel thousands of miles to remember history.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) Huizhou-Hangzhou ancient road
Huizhou-Hangzhou Ancient Road starts from Fuling Town, Jixi County, Huizhou in the west and ends in Ma Xiao Township, Lin 'an City, Zhejiang Province in the east. Located on the north side of Qingliangfeng National Nature Reserve, it faces Huangshan Mountain in the north and Tianmu Mountain in the south, with a total length of 25 kilometers. It is an important link between Huizhou and Hangzhou in ancient times. The most intact section is the Panshan Stone Steps Trail in Jixi County, which is the essence of the ancient Huizhou-Hangzhou road. According to historical records, this ancient road was built as early as the Tang Dynasty. The ancient road between Huizhou and Hangzhou is an important channel for exchanges and trade between Huizhou merchants and Zhejiang merchants in history. The important scenic spots near the Huizhou-Hangzhou ancient road are: Zhangshan Grand Canyon, Hu's Ancestral Hall, Qingliangfeng National Nature Reserve, Jiangnan First Pass, etc.
Sixth, Yin Ping ancient road.
Since ancient times, Yinping Ancient Road has been a dangerous and rugged road. Except for local farmers walking, this road is only used for necessary war needs. Fu Youde, a general of the Ming Dynasty, led his troops through this road. During the Long March of the Red Army, Li Xiannian walked this road as a non-staple food of the Red Army. Later, the PLA walked this road in Qingchuan. The most dangerous place on Yin Ping Road is Motianling. The slopes in the north and west of the ridge are relatively gentle, and the south is a cliff, so there is no way. It was from here that Wargo wrapped in a felt and went straight into Jiangyou Pass, ready to destroy Shu. Now Lingnan has opened up a winding road leading to a secluded place, which is called "Nine Inverted Turn" by local people.
On the Motianling at an altitude of 2730 meters, there is a large lawn with unique grass growth. Every summer, red flowers bloom everywhere, and the mountain wind blows, flying like a huge and bright red flag on the mountain. Some people say that this grassland has been blooming with red flowers. Since the Red Army fought here, this land has been dyed red by the blood of revolutionary martyrs, and these grasses have also blossomed red flowers. Therefore, local farmers named this lawn "Honghua Grassland", but its original name was "Dazhuyazi", which shows the people's nostalgia and gratitude for the Red Army.
On the top of Motianling Mountain, there used to be Zhuge Liang and Kongming temples. Due to disrepair, the temple has now collapsed, leaving only the walls. At that time, the Kongming Monument also stood here. "Longan Fuzhi" records: "There is a Kongming tablet in Motianling today, and the handwriting is indelible." The Romance of the Three Kingdoms (1 17) said: "Wargo, Deng Zhong, 2,000 troops, as well as the pioneers, have all arrived at the Motianling. Just finishing the armor and equipment, I suddenly saw a stone tablet engraved with the name of "Prime Minister Zhuge Liang" by the roadside. It says:' When the second fire broke out, someone crossed it, and they struggled to keep their balance and died soon'. Of course, the author of the romance of the Three Kingdoms deified Zhuge Liang. However, Zhuge Liang is an outstanding strategist in history. He may have foreseen the possibility of Wei Jun attacking Shu from Yinping Road and fortified the Motianling. This is the performance of Zhuge Liang's genius. Li Xiannian saw this monument when he was fighting here in 1935, and it is recorded in his memoirs. Although there is no monument now, it is also clear that the monument has indeed experienced thousands of years of wind and rain on this mountain top.
Turn nine times, cross the Motianling Bridge, and you will arrive at the Nantianmen. Here, surrounded by mountains, deep valleys, flowing water and cicadas, you will feel that you are in a fairyland. There is a stone wall under the worse gate, which looks like a mirror. According to the old people, on this stone wall, Wargo once wrote four big characters: "Wargo crossed this". As long as the wall is washed with water, the handwriting will appear, and when the water is dry, the handwriting will be hidden. Unfortunately, part of it was destroyed when the road was being built.
There are many remains left by Wargo on Yinping Ancient Road, such as the grindstone worn by Wargo, the Yinhe Mountain that was trodden, the land mountain where Wargo soldiers shook their shoes when resting, the clothes ditch where Wargo lost their clothes, and the archery range where Wargo trained. Almost every place has ruins and many legends that can be explored.
Seven, Yuntai ancient road
Yuntai ancient road (spiritual official road) is an ancient commercial road that has long been abandoned. Located in Yuntai Mountain Scenic Area, 5-year scenic area. It is said that this ancient road was built in the Song Dynasty in 908 AD, and it was the nearest avenue from Shanxi to the capital city of Bianliang. You can imagine how prosperous this ancient road was at that time, and how much effort it took to dig such a ravine and pave such a road without large tools and mechanical equipment.
There are picturesque alpine meadows here, walking in Yuntai meadow, endless, feeling a broad and open-minded. There is an ancient post station with a long history, and you can see the steep scenery of Taihang Mountain along the way. The ancient official road passes through the alpine meadow of Yuntai Mountain. Guguan Road, the road surface is about 3 meters wide, paved with bluestone strips, and there are anti-slip stone strips at the steep slope. There are also equidistant large stones on the roadside to prevent the subgrade from collapsing. There are ancient post stations on the roadside that don't know which dynasty and which generation.
Eight, Jingxi ancient road
The mountains in the west of Beijing are collectively called Xishan. Among the mountains, Wu Jin is everywhere. Since the Yuan and Ming Dynasties, millions of people in Beijing have paid for the Carboniferous Period. In addition, that stone and burnt glass produce here are even more famous in Beijing. camel and horses hauling coal and freight travel in droves, day aft day, year after year on the mountain road. Over time, a road of business travel has been formed from Beijing to the western mountainous areas, and then as far away as Inner Mongolia and Shanxi.
Gujing West Road takes "Xishan Road" as the main line, connecting north and south branches, of which middle road, south road and north road are its main components. Ancient beacon smoke, ethnic exchanges, religious activities, building cities to defend the border, ancient roads, westerly winds, thin horses, countless magical stories scattered or left on both sides of the ancient roads. They are concrete symbols of the economy and culture of that era, from which we can deeply feel the changes of the times and the pace of history. Gujing West Road has a history of thousands of years, and its rich cultural heritage and splendid Yongding River basin culture are superimposed into splendor.
100000 years ago, there were human activities in the western hills of Gyeonggi. Mentougou District is connected to the valley in the north, Zhuo Yi in the south, Dai Di in the west and Yanji in the east, and its strategic and traffic position is very important. Starting from Afghanistan, the capital of the Yellow Emperor, the "Mountain Crossing Passage" began in Xishan, and the road of Xishan Road has been repeatedly trimmed to become a large-scale Guanshan Avenue. Most of these projects are funded by private organizations and implemented by local people. The distant ancient road has been winding around Mentougou District for a long time, forming an unparalleled cultural spectacle in harmony with nature. From business travel to temple sacrifices, from offensive and defensive defense to trade, from the construction of ancient capitals to national cultural exchanges, if there is anything that can be connected across time and space? Only these ancient roads are hidden in the mountains.
As a kind of culture, Jingxi Ancient Road is more and more exotic. Jingxi ancient road is an important symbol and historical witness of Jingxi ancient civilization.
Nine. Jingde ancient road
Jingde Ancient Road: Located in Jingde County, Anhui Province, in ancient times, there were four inter-county post roads: Jingjing, Jingjing, Jingning and Jingtai, which were used by passing cars and horses. In the past, they were all stone roads. Because of the propaganda and emblem, it has become a battleground for military strategists. Most sections have been transformed into expressways, and a few sections have been abandoned.
X. meiguan ancient road
Meiguan Ancient Road: Located at the top of Meiling, about 30 kilometers away from Nanxiong, Guangdong. According to legend, its name comes from the surname of Mei Juan, the leader of the Vietnamese people who moved south. Since the development of the Yue people, Meiling has become the foothold for the Han people in the Central Plains to move south. Another way of saying that Meiling is named is that there are many plum trees here, so it is called "Meiling". Nanxiong Xiongmeimei Pass is the main traffic route between the north and the south, and it is a battleground for military strategists. Historically, it was called Nanxiong. The establishment of Meiguan Ancient Road began in Qin Dynasty.