1909 (Xuantongyuannian) 10, (Shanxi University Hall) "Inspector Xie Rongqi resigned and the Ministry of Education became the inspector." (Centennial Memorabilia of Shanxi University) (Note: the time when Qu was appointed as the supervisor of Shanxi University was recorded as Qu1907 in China Dictionary of Modern Celebrities; The centennial chronicle of Shanxi University is 1909 (Xuantongyuan Year) and 10 month; Sanjin Range Rover Qujia Courtyard records the 30th year of Guangxu (1904). "When the university hall is organized by outsiders, it is difficult for people to participate. You have been in office for many years, and there is nothing to say at home and abroad "("Qu Epitaph ") shows that although Qu has not been in office for a long time, he has also made positive efforts. In Guangxu 3 1 (1905), the imperial examination was abolished, and it was agreed with the squire to donate more than 20,000 taels of silver to set up the original "Zhao Yu Academy" as a middle school for seven sages, with a Mongolian school attached. Deposit the collected funds in a reputable company to earn interest for the school to use every year. In order to cultivate talents, Qixian Middle School personally formulated rules and regulations at the beginning of its establishment, and spared no expense to hire excellent teachers, set up student scholarships and train underachievers. In the thirty-third year of Guangxu, when Meng Buyun, a native of Qixian County, founded a private Guanghua girls' school in Taiyuan, Qu also donated money to sponsor it.
Holding "Shuang Fu Match Company"
In the 28th year of Guangxu (1902), Qu joined hands with Qiao Diansen and others to take over the government-run Taiyuan Match Factory ("Match Promotion Bureau"), which was renamed as "Shuang Fu Match Company", which was the earliest national industry in Shanxi. Shuang Fu Match Company has introduced western production technology and management experience, and its business is booming. Shuang Fu Match Company controlled by Qushi is the predecessor of Pingyao Match Factory today.
Jinbao Mining was born in his hands.
Shanxi is famous for its rich coal and iron resources, which imperialism has long coveted. In the late Qing Dynasty, Liu E (the author of Lao Can's Travels) colluded with the government to sell the mining rights of Yuxian, Yangquan and Pingding to the British Fu Company. When the news came out, it caused an uproar in the land of Sanjin. Thousands of students from Shanxi University took to the streets and surrounded the governor's yamen. Li Peiren, a student from the State of Jin, felt hopeless in saving the country in Japan and committed suicide by jumping into the sea. Li Peiren's death caused a strong shock in China. 1906 On the Double Ninth Festival, his body was transported back to China by miners and a public sacrifice was held in Haizi, Taiyuan. After that, Taiyuan launched the National People's Congress * *, and the mine protection movement reached * * *. British wealth companies were impressed by the strength of Shanxi people and had to bow their heads and give in. But cunning British businessmen also suggested that Shanxi must pay 2.75 million taels of silver. The terminally ill * * * can only take out1.5000 taels, and there is still a gap of1.25000 taels. At the critical moment, Qu took the lead in launching a fund-raising initiative, which was responded by many rich households. Everyone made the same effort and finally redeemed the mining right from the British businessman. Shanxi people set up their own "Jinbao Mining Company", with Qu as the first general manager. From then on, Shanxi people began to develop their own mineral resources to benefit the people of Sanjin. The lightning protection campaign, which lasted for several years, finally achieved a complete victory. As one of the leaders of this movement, Qu defended the justice of the country and became a man of the Three Jin Dynasties. The mining company, the largest mining enterprise in Shanxi in modern times, was born in Qu's hands.
Cut off from society
1909, Qing * * * used a fake title to win over, and for the first time served as "the candidate of Sanpin Jingtang". Later, he was awarded the title of "directly studying etiquette". 19 1 1 Wuchang Uprising, Shanxi responded, Qing * * * wanted to use his prestige to save the failure of the Qing regime in Shanxi, and appointed him as the ambassador of Shanxi Xuanwei, but failed to make a speech. The North-South peace talks were successful. After the abdication of the Qing emperor, he lived in seclusion in Tianjin and was no longer born. When Yuan Shikai "Hong Xian" proclaimed himself emperor, he also tried his best to make a senior official an official, but Qiao Ben always insisted on not accepting it. Since then, I have devoted myself to collecting and writing, while buying rare ancient books and famous calligraphy and painting, while collecting documents, sorting them out and publishing them. Lin Qinnan was invited to make a hidden painting of the foothills, and Liu Fenxi's "The Legacy of Ivy Hall" was published in 19 15. 19 16 years, at the request of Chang Zanchun, jointly published Dai Ting-style semi-collection and warehousing; It is also planned to print Li's "Meng Huaxuan's Poetry Draft", and imitate the style of "Ink Painting" to print and comment on the collected calligraphy and painting. There was also an attempt to compile a new Qixian annals (unsuccessful).
Childhood life and entrepreneurial industry
Qu was talented and studious since childhood. Before he was 20 years old, he gained the reputation of "child prodigy" and was proficient in classics and history. In the 11th year of Guangxu (1885), he won the top prize. The following year, I auditioned in Taiyuan and won the first prize, which was appreciated by Shanxi at that time. In the interview, the original name of "Qiao Ben" was changed to "Qiao Ben" and the word "Chun 'an" was added, which became a much-told story. In the 14th year of Guangxu (1888), at the age of 26, Xie Yuan won the first place after having obtained the provincial examination. In the eighteenth year of Guangxu (1892), he took part in the national examination, was a scholar, and served as cabinet secretary. At that time, he was 3 1 year-old, and realized the wish of "a night banquet in the forest" and "a successful spring breeze" in the imperial examination era. In the 26th year of Guangxu (190O), Eight-Nation Alliance invaded and Cixi fled to xi 'an with Emperor Guangxu. In order to resist aggression and save the nation, Qiao Ben took part in this national disaster. Guangxu twenty-nine years (1903), was sent to Yokohama, Japan, as a foreign manager. 1904, produced by Shanxi University. When the Imperial Examination was abolished and the school was promoted, it was agreed with the squire to donate more than 20,000 taels of silver to establish the original "Zhao Yu Academy" as the Seven Sages Middle School, with a private school attached. In the thirty-second year of Guangxu (1906), it invested 5,200 taels of silver to take over the official Shanxi Match Promotion Company and renamed it "Shuang Fu Match Company" (located in Sanqiao Street, Taiyuan City), thus creating a national capital industry. It is particularly worth mentioning that when 1906 Qing Dynasty * * * sold the coal mining rights of Yangquan and Lucheng in Shanxi Province to British Fu Shang Company, Shanxi Province established "Shanxi Jinbao Mining Corporation" in Yangquan, and all walks of life in the province elected Qiao Ben as the general manager of the company. He came forward to raise 6.5438+0.5 million taels of silver, redeemed the mining right and established the coal mining industry in Shanxi Province. He defeated the imperialists' plot to plunder Shanxi coal mines with United group strength, and obviously inherited the patriotic and anti-imperialist spirit of Shanxi businessmen from economic struggle to political struggle.
1909, Qing * * * took the position of "Sanpin Jingtang Alternate" for the first time with a false title. Later, he was awarded the title of "directly studying etiquette".
Collections and works
During the revolution in 19 1 1, Qiao Ben was appointed as a member of the North-South Peace Conference. Soon after, the Peace Conference ended, the Qing emperor abdicated and his political career came to an end. In his later years, Qiao Ben devoted himself to collecting and writing, extensively collecting precious ancient books and famous calligraphy and painting, and collecting documents, sorting out and publishing them. 19 15 published Liu Fenxi's poems, and wrote a preface and a short biography, which was placed at the forefront. The following year, at the request of Chang Zanchun of Yuci, he helped to print Dai Ting's Semi-Keji. 19 19, died suddenly in a banquet for friends. His own writings have not been published, and some manuscripts have been lost, but some pages can be seen in Dai Ting's Half Corky and Liu Fenxi's The Legacy of Ai Weiwei.
Revitalize national industry
Qu is a capitalist of Sanjinyuan, Baichuantong and other banks, with millions of family assets. 1906, the British invaded Shanxi's minerals, and the Jin people set off a mine redemption movement, and established the "Shanxi Mining Company", with Qu as the first general manager and recovering the mining rights. But the British blackmailed Shanxi for 2.72 million taels of silver. In the case that local finances are quite tight, they use their power and influence. "All tickets are borrowed first, so as not to lose faith with outsiders and protect the reputation of Shanxi Province." Redemption is delivered as scheduled. Later generations sighed with emotion: "If it weren't for the help of ticket merchants, I am afraid that the mining area is still in the hands of Fu Company today, and the British business forces have long been rampant in Shanxi!" When Qu was competing for the mine, he and Qiao Jia * * * invested to take over the Shanxi official match factory and renamed it "Shuang Fu Match Company", which was the first modern national industry in Shanxi Province.
Social Evaluation Throughout his life, Qu is a special figure who combines officials, businessmen and gentry, an active patriot and an energetic social activist. First of all, he is a scholar and passed the examination of Jinshi. Qing * * * appointed him as China's deputy consul in Yokohama. He used to be the supervisor of Shanxi University and the president of Shanxi Chamber of Commerce, and his vision and thinking far exceeded that of the older generation of Shanxi businessmen. Qu's business is very different from his ancestors. No matter banks, pawn shops and teahouses, they have been operating traditional businesses. Due to the establishment of national industry and commerce, Qu injected new blood into Shanxi merchants' business with the help of western industrial civilization. Secondly, Qu's career is mixed with many political motives, and there are more or less elements of saving the country through industry. Qu did not know the corruption of the imperial court. He thought of the intertwined political situation, "every worry will be born", which means that he also vaguely felt that the court seemed to have reached the point of hopeless. But as a scholar who grew up under the background of Confucian culture, plus years of experience in officialdom, he can't be a bystander. He couldn't see through it, but he saw through it and had no other way, so he had to die with himself. Lin Qinnan, a master of modern Chinese studies, praised him in the Table of Seven Xianqu Cemetery: "There are fewer standards and more references to literature and history. Since the country has changed, it's boring and uneven. Put it in wine, I miss it, looking at chongling in the west, with blood and tears all over my chest. "