The return year of the service calendar adopts the length of the calendar, 365.2425 days, which is exactly the same as the Gregorian calendar used now.
Qi Yao Min Shu is the most complete agricultural ancient book in China. This was written by Jia Sixie, an official of the Northern Wei Dynasty. It was written after the second year of Wuding in the Eastern Wei Dynasty (544), and it is said to be between 533 and 544.
The book consists of 65,438+00 volumes and 92 articles, covering agriculture, horticulture, afforestation, sericulture, animal husbandry, veterinary, breeding, brewing, cooking, storage and methods of controlling famine in China 65,438+0,500 years ago. There are nearly 200 kinds of ancient books quoted in the book, including the Fan Sheng Zhi Book, the Moon Order for Four People and other important agriculture in the Han and Jin Dynasties.
Since its publication, this book has been attached great importance by successive governments in China for a long time, and it has often become a classic to study the changes of ancient species since it spread overseas. When Darwin was studying the theory of evolution, he once consulted an ancient encyclopedia of China, which is said to be the Book of Qi Yaomin. The Book of Qi Yaomin can be interpreted as a way for civilians to make a living and a way to govern people's livelihood.
The Collection of Agriculture and Mulberry, with seven volumes, was compiled by the Agriculture Department of Yuan Dynasty according to Qi Yao Min Shu and Wu Ben Shu Xin, which was completed in the tenth year of Yuan Dynasty (1273).
The Collection of Agriculture and Mulberry mainly describes the technology of agriculture and mulberry in northern China. It is generally believed that Meng Qi [1], Chang [2] and Miao [3] participated in the editing [4], and * * * has more than 65,000 words. The Collection of Agriculture and Mulberry is divided into ten sections: training, cultivation, sowing, mulberry cutting, sericulture, melons and vegetables, fruits, bamboo and wood, medicinal materials and breeding animals. The contents are quoted from Qi Shu, Poems Must Be Used by Farmers, Wu Ben, Shi Si's Compendium, Han Shizhi's Commentary, etc. , to get rid of its superstition and nonsense, take its essence. In the 23rd year of Zhiyuan and 5th year of Yanyou (1286 ~ 13 18), Chang and Miao were revised successively, and the techniques of planting mulberry and raising silkworms in the south were added.
This book was reprinted many times in the Yuan Dynasty and was very popular in the north. Comments on the summary of the catalogue of Sikuquanshu: "Detailed but not trivial, simple and important, it is the best copy for farmers." Gennosuke Amano, a Japanese scholar, called this book "Five Ancient Agricultural Books in China" together with Qi Yaomin's Book, Wang Zhennong's Book, A General Examination of the World and Agricultural Administration. The current version was compiled from Yongle Dadian when compiling Sikuquanshu in Qing Dynasty, but there are many mistakes and omissions, so the original version shall prevail. Shi Shenghan has a proofreading book.
Wang Zhen's Nongshu, also known as Nongshu, is an agricultural work in Yuan Dynasty. Wang Zhen wrote it. * * * Twenty-two volumes. Written in the second year of Qing dynasty (13 13).
Wang Zhen Nong Shu is divided into three parts: Nong Sang Tong Ji, Gu Bai Pu and Nong Qi Tu. The History of Agriculture Mulberry is a general introduction, including agricultural history, time, place, farming, harrowing, sowing, weeding, fertilization, irrigation, harvesting and so on. Baigupu describes the planting methods of various crops. Atlas of Agricultural Machinery includes pictures and texts introducing agricultural tools, agricultural machinery, irrigation tools, transportation tools and textile machinery.
The book Agricultural Management was written by Xu Guangqi, a scientist of Ming Dynasty in China. This book summarizes many agricultural production experiences and technologies of the working people in ancient China. More than 300 ancient books and documents were cited. The book talks about the influence of climate, geography and fine varieties on agricultural production, introduces agricultural production technology, and expounds water conservancy projects and three agricultural measures in detail. This book was introduced to Emperor Chongzhen by his son Ji Xu after Guangqi's death, and was officially published in the 12th year of Chongzhen (AD 1639).