The finless porpoise, commonly known as Zhu Jiang, is a cetacean endemic to the Yangtze River in China. It used to be common on the main roads of the Yangtze River. Today, finless porpoises belong to the national quasi-first-class protected animals, living in the main stream of the Yangtze River, Poyang Lake and Dongting Lake. Finless porpoises like chasing waves, so they are often described as pigs chasing waves. However, it also poses a certain threat to finless porpoises, because shipping vessels will set off waves when driving, which will lead to finless porpoises chasing and being easily injured by propellers. The finless porpoise, like the baiji, mainly relies on sonar echo positioning. The sound of the ship's propeller will mislead the finless porpoise and eventually lead to being hoisted or strangled by the propeller.
Second, the Chinese alligator
The Chinese alligator has a history of about 230 million years. It is also the oldest creature in the Yangtze River, second only to the paddlefish. It is a crocodile that lives in the northernmost part of the earth and has the habit of hibernating to avoid the cold season. It is a reptile endemic to the Yangtze River in China. Because the Yangtze River is also called the Yangtze River, it is named Chinese alligator. It is one of the most endangered of the 23 crocodile species in the world, and it is also a national first-class wild protected animal in China.
At present, China has established many Chinese alligator protection and breeding bases, and the number of Chinese alligators in artificial breeding environment has reached more than 20,000. At present, the number of successful Chinese alligators in the wild is about 200. Like the South China Tiger, the lack of suitable wild environment is the biggest difficulty for the Chinese alligator to be wild.
Three, Chinese giant salamander
Also known as the giant salamander, it is a unique species in China and the largest amphibian in the world. Once widely distributed in the Yangtze River, Yellow River, Pearl River and other provinces. 1988 Chinese giant salamander is listed as a national second-class protected animal. 1995 was listed in the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora; 1998 is listed as a critically endangered (CR) species by the Red Book of Endangered Animals in China. In 20 16, it was listed in the Red List of Vertebrates in China as a critically endangered species.
Due to long-term capture, the number of wild giant salamanders is scarce, and most of them are artificially cultured. Giant salamander mainly lives in rivers with relatively clear water quality, preys in shallow waters, and feeds on crabs, fish and shrimps. It is a fierce freshwater predator. It can grow to more than 2 meters at most, and its cry is very strange, just like the cry of a child.
Fourth, mullet.
Known as the Asian Mermaid, it is a national second-class protected animal, living in the Yangtze River system, also known as Yellow Pai, Blood Pai, Pink Pai, Roasted Sparrow, Muyepan, Red Fish, Purple Sparrow, Sparrow, Fire Pai, Chinese Sailfish and so on. The growth rate of mullet is very slow, generally it can live for about 25 years, and it can grow to more than one meter and weigh 30 kilograms. Shallow water spawns and hatches, and deep water overwinters.
Five, long and thin loach
Commonly known as loach, loach and so on. They live in the middle and upper reaches of the Yangtze River, and feed on small fish and shrimp in rapids and streams. These small fish and shrimp are carnivorous fish.
Endemic to China, it is listed as vulnerable in the Red List of Species in China and the Red Book Fish of Endangered Animals in China.
Six, the Yangtze River fish king-Chinese sturgeon
Chinese sturgeon, also known as: sturgeon, sturgeon, sturgeon, Chilong, sturgeon, sturgeon shark, wax, big wax, etc. It is one of the most important fish in the Yangtze River in China, and is called the fish king of the Yangtze River. There is a proverb among fishermen in Sichuan that "a thousand kilograms of wax is like ten thousand kilograms of elephant". Wax refers to Chinese sturgeon, which grows fast. Generally, the mature male fish weighs more than 80 kilograms and the female fish weighs more than 240 kilograms.
Acipenser sinensis preys on food such as insect larvae, mollusks, oligochaetes and fish, and is a typical migratory fish in Haihe River. Every summer and autumn, the Chinese sturgeon, which grew up in the sea, gathers in the Yangtze River estuary. It takes a year to swim upstream for more than 3,000 kilometers, and spawn and breed in the fast-flowing Jinsha River area.
In 1970s, the number of Chinese sturgeon in the Yangtze River basin exceeded 1 10,000. It dropped to 2 176 in the 1980s. In 2000, it dropped to 363. 20 10 years decreased to 57.
At present, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) has listed Chinese sturgeon as an extremely endangered species.
Seven, Yangtze sturgeon
Yangtze sturgeon is also called sturgeon, commonly known as "salad". It is a kind of freshwater settled fish unique to the Yangtze River basin in China, and it is a national first-class protected animal, which is as important as the giant panda in the water. The life span of ACIPENSER Changjiang is over 65.438+0.5 billion years, mainly distributed in the lower reaches of Jinsha River and the upper reaches of Yangtze River, and the individuals are relatively large. The largest individual recorded is one and a half meters long and weighs 50 kilograms.
The Yangtze sturgeon used to be an economic fish, but its output has dropped sharply in recent decades and is now on the verge of extinction.
Baiji dolphin, Yangtze white sturgeon, Chinese sturgeon, Yangtze sturgeon and finless porpoise, etc. Only when we know them better will we realize the importance of protecting them. Maintaining the ecology of the Yangtze River and protecting aquatic fish are the responsibilities of all residents in the Yangtze River basin.