China's publishing industry has a long history. As early as more than 3,000 years ago, primitive books appeared in the slave society of Yin and Shang Dynasties, and there was editing work in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. At that time, many Confucian classics were compiled and edited. After the invention of block printing in Tang Dynasty, private publishing houses appeared. Imperial academy and Xingwen Department, official engraving institutions in the Song and Yuan Dynasties, had full-time officials, editors, proofreaders, engravers and printers, which were the embryonic form of the later press and printing bureau. In the Ming Dynasty, the national publishing institutions have carved books in different categories (such as Duchayuan, Ministry of Industry, Ministry of Ritual, Ministry of War and other state organs are also responsible for carving books); Compared with Song and Yuan Dynasties, local publishing institutions have developed. All provinces have chief secretaries and governors who engrave books, and many prefectures and counties also publish books and local chronicles. In the early Qing Dynasty, the way of publishing books in the Ming Dynasty was changed, and the official inscriptions were centralized and unified in the Wuying Hall of the royal family. Seal cutting workshop is a handicraft seal cutting institution operated by ordinary booksellers. Appeared in the Tang Dynasty, flourished in the Song Dynasty and became an important force in book publishing. In the Song Dynasty, bookstores were found in major cities in China, with Hangzhou and Jianyang being the most developed. There were more square engravings than official engravings in the Yuan Dynasty. In the Ming Dynasty, there were book-engraving workshops all over the country, including medical books, custom books, novels and operas. Fangke in Qing Dynasty was more prosperous. In addition to official engraving and workshop engraving, there is also a private engraving, also called family engraving, which is a privately funded school magazine book. These people try their best to select excellent rare books and carefully revise and reprint them. Generally, they are of high quality, and many of them have become "rare books" handed down from generation to generation.