Silicon dioxide is a raw material for making glass, timely glass, water glass, optical fiber, important parts of electronic industry, optical instruments, handicrafts and refractories, and also an important material for scientific research.
2. Silicon: chips, integrated circuits, semiconductor devices and solar cells.
Metal silicon is mainly used for producing silicon, preparing high-purity semiconductor materials and preparing special-purpose alloys.
Extended data
In the silica crystal, the silicon atom is located at the center of the regular tetrahedron, and four oxygen atoms are located at the four corners of the regular tetrahedron. Many of these tetrahedrons are connected by oxygen atoms in the corners, and each oxygen atom belongs to two tetrahedrons, that is, each oxygen atom is combined with two silicon atoms.
The simplest form of silicon dioxide is SiO? But what about SiO It does not represent a simple molecule (it only represents the ratio of the number of atoms of silicon and oxygen in the silicon dioxide crystal). Pure natural silica crystal is a hard, fragile and insoluble colorless and transparent solid.
Except fluorine gas and hydrofluoric acid, silicon dioxide does not react with halogen, hydrogen halide and inorganic acid, but can be dissolved in hot concentrated alkali, molten strong alkali or sodium carbonate. In addition, silica can be reduced by coke and magnesium at high temperature.
Strong alkali solution and SiO? Will slowly react to form silicate, so the glass bottle for storing strong alkali solution cannot use frosted glass stopper (glass contains SiO? ), otherwise it will produce sticky sodium silicate Na? SiO？ , make the bottle stopper and bottle mouth stick together. Because of SiO? It can react with hydrofluoric acid, so it can't be put in a glass container.