long summer stands for moral: Farewell to spring, the beginning of summer.
long summer is the seventh solar term in the twenty-four solar terms of the lunar calendar, and the first solar term in summer indicates the official start of the summer season. When the sun reaches 45 degrees of the yellow longitude, it is the solar term in long summer. The bucket refers to the southeast, and the dimension is long summer. Everything has grown up so far, hence the name long summer.
twenty-four solar term: "April Festival in long summer. Set up a word to understand spring. Summer, vacation. Everything is false and big at this time. " In astronomy, long summer said that it was the beginning of summer to bid farewell to spring. People used to regard long summer as an important solar term when the temperature rises obviously, the summer heat is coming, the thunderstorm increases and crops enter the peak season.
The solar term long summer was established at the end of the Warring States Period (239 BC), which indicates the change of seasons and the beginning of summer in all seasons.
In fact, according to the standard of climatology, if the daily average temperature rises above 22℃ steadily, it will start in summer. Before and after the long summer, only the area south of Fuzhou-Nanling line in China is really the summer when the trees are dark and the terraces are reflected into the pond, while some areas in the northeast and northwest have just entered the spring, and the average temperature in most parts of the country is around 18-2℃. In May, Sophora japonica is in full bloom in many places. In long summer, everything is flourishing.
Interpretation of long summer's Ancient Books
long summer, April Festival. Set up a word to understand spring. Summer, vacation. Everything is false and big at this time.
croak. Worm, bug, burrowing in the soil, good night out, today people call it a local dog; A mole, a stone rat, and a _ Yin Hu, the dialects vary from place to place. "Huai Nan Zi" said, "The sound of the cricket, the sound of the autumn, the beginning of the yin qi and the response of the two things. "Xia Xiaozheng": March _ then Ming is also. And there are five abilities, but not one skill: flying can't cross the house; Edge can't be poor; Can't swim across the valley; Acupoints cannot cover the body; You can't go ahead. Therefore, Shuowen called _ a mouse with five skills. "Notes on Ancient and Modern Times" is also named _, and the mouse knows. "Ya Ya" and "Materia Medica" all thought bugs, while Lu Deming and Zheng Kangcheng thought frogs were neither.
earthworms come out. Earthworms, that is, lumbricus, is also a famous song _, "Li Jie" says: those who bend in yin, take advantage of yang and stretch out to see.
Wang guasheng. As the "Illustration" says, Wang Gua can be found everywhere, with wild life, fields and walls, leaves like Trichosanthes and Lindera, roundness, hair like thorns, creeping, yellow flowers in May, seeds like projectiles under flowers, green and ripe, roots like Ge, thin and numerous, also known as Tu Gua, a crow melon, today. In the Book of Rites, Zheng Yuan noted: That is, the curse. "Materia Medica" was written by Chinese cymbals, and Tao lived in seclusion to distinguish its fallacies, saying that Chinese cymbals had their own article, but Wang Gua also had its own article. It was ridiculous for the Confucian scholars to speak without checking the books at that time.
Other historical materials
Yi Zhou Shu Shi Xun Jie says, "On the day of long summer, it sounds like a cricket. On the fifth day, earthworms came out. Another five days, Wang Guasheng. " That is to say, in this solar term, firstly, you can hear the chirping of grubs (that is, slugs) in the fields (frogs), and then you can see earthworms digging in the earth, and then the vines of Cucumis melo begin to climb and grow rapidly, which describes the phenological scene at the beginning of summer.
long summer's custom of welcoming summer
Our country has always been founded on agriculture, and transplanting rice seedlings in spring is the beginning of millet. In summer, weeding and ploughing fields are also important farming activities, otherwise it is difficult to have a good harvest in autumn and winter storage, so all dynasties and generations attach great importance to the solar term of long summer. In ancient times, the emperor welcomed long summer to the southern suburbs, which was originally a sacrifice; "In the second year of Emperor Yongping of the Han Dynasty, he was twenty years old, and he first welcomed the gas in the five suburbs." (See "As a Mirror") "Welcome to the summer in the southern suburbs, and sacrifice to Chi Di and Zhu Rong. The cars and clothes are all red, the songs are unknown, and the dance is like Spring Festival." (see "The Book of Continued Han Dynasty")
In the summer, the people mainly hold activities such as offering sacrifices to the gods, tasting new festivals, calling people and brew tea. Taste the fresh when you taste the new, such as summer wheat ears, cauliflower, cherry, plum, green plum and so on. The gods and ancestors are invited to enjoy it first, and then relatives, friends and neighbors give gifts to each other.
long summer cooking new tea is a custom since the Song and Yuan Dynasties, and it is actually a folk tea art competition. Every family chooses good tea, mixes auxiliary materials, draws running water, and cooks it in the furnace. The tea is also mixed with jasmine, cinnamon, rose, sandalwood, Su Xing, etc., with fine fruits, which are given to each other and tasted by each other. Scholars will hold a "tea-fighting party" to enjoy tea and fruit, and rhyme and compose poems to celebrate. (According to "Danqing Mo Yun" and "Xuanji Ci" edited by Hongliang, etc.).
long summer called people, which was popular in the south. It is said that it originated from Shu in the Three Kingdoms period. After Liu Bei's death, Zhuge Liang sent Adou to Zhao Zilong to Jiangdong, and asked Liu Bei's stepwife Sun to take care of him. It was long summer on this day. Mrs. Sun weighed Adou in front of Zhao Zilong and took good care of it. long summer will weigh it again next year to see how much weight she gained. Since then, it has spread and become the custom of calling people in long summer. Of course, long summer said the origin of man, and there are other statements.