Reflections on seal cutting teaching in primary schools

Selection and use of seal cutting tools and materials in primary schools: seal cutting printing is a complex technological process. "If a worker wants to do a good job, he must sharpen his tools first." There are many kinds of tools and materials for carving. Beginners can choose some, and there is no need to be greedy. 1. Flat knives are generally used to carve lithographs, which is a summary of previous experience. Beginners can choose a seal cutting knife with a moderate size and easy to master, and the shape is as shown in the figure. The material length of the tool rest can be selected according to your own preferences. The key is to choose a good blade and use two angles when carving. If the knife angle is greater than 90 degrees, the knife will slip and the strokes will not be carved accurately. If the cutting edge is less than 90 degrees, the knife will not move smoothly. If the blade angle is too small, the strokes produced by the blade are sharp and smooth; If the angle is too large, the blade will be dull and the carved strokes will be brittle. When choosing a knife, you should also pay attention to the material of the blade: generally, Bai Gang and tool steel are used. The higher the hardness, the better. It's normal for carving to be dull for a long time, and different lines can carve different sharpness. A dull blade can be ground on an oilstone of about 600 meshes. There are many materials available for printing, such as gold, silver, copper, jade, ivory, aquatic products, bamboo and stone. Since ancient times, stone is the most ideal printing material. Lithography is easy to be cut, and it is delicate, moist and fragile. The sand is hard and uneven. There are stone materials for printing in many parts of the country, such as Qingtian stone and feldspar stone in Zhejiang, Shoushan stone in Fujian, Laishi stone in Yexian and Pingdu in Shandong, Balin stone in Inner Mongolia, Liao stone in Liaoning, and stone printing materials in Qinghai, Xinjiang. Among them, Shoushan stone, Qingtian stone, feldspar stone and Bahrain stone are called "four famous stones". (1) Shoushan Stone Shoushan Stone is a high-quality stone with the longest mining history, rich drums and the most varieties in China. The mining area is located in the north of Fuzhou, Fujian Province. The most precious is "Tian Huangshi", which is dozens of times as heavy as gold. Litchi jelly, hibiscus stone and alpine jelly are all famous products. High-grade Shoushan stone is gorgeous but not vulgar, psychic and calm, with an elegant and rich atmosphere. (2) Qingtian Stone Qingtian Stone is produced in Fangshan in the southern suburbs of qingtian county, Zhejiang Province, and the mining history in Shankou area is long. "Light Frozen", "Green Gate", "Jade Frozen" and "Blue Star" are the most precious. Light yellow and pure; The door is sealed with fine bluestone and psychic. Qingtian stone is not hard, dry, brittle, soft and moist, and is generally a pink-green ordinary stone. Opaque and inexpensive, it is a good practice material. High-grade Qingtian stone, beautiful and graceful, quiet and elegant, has the air of seclusion and purity. (3) Fossils are found in the deep mountains in the suburbs of Changhua County, Zhejiang Province, with five colors: red, yellow, white, gray and black. Among the fossil fossils, "bloodstone" is the most famous, and this variety is expensive because of its bright color, various colors, integration or block. The texture of common Chang fossils is warm and greasy, and the sense of carving is not as refreshing as Qingtian and Shoushan. (4) Balin stone Balin stone is produced in Chifeng, Inner Mongolia, so it is also called'. "Inner Mongolia Stone" and "Chifeng Stone". The history of mining is not long, and it has flowed to the whole country in recent ten years and has been accepted and loved by people. Balin stone has many colors, and its texture is transparent, translucent and opaque. Compared with the previous ones, the top-grade Bahrain stone is fresh in color, high in transparency and slightly less calm and heavy. 3. The inkpad for seal cutting should be a special inkpad for painting and calligraphy, and it is best to use a professional inkpad workshop such as Xilong Printing Society. Don't use ordinary office inkpad and inkpad. 4. Bell printing paper Bell printing paper should have a fine, smooth and absorbing surface. Such as thin rice paper, special printing paper and cigarette paper. It is best to use historical paper, especially long paragraphs. 5. Pen, ink, inkstone, writing brush and mirror Yin Gao needs pen, ink and inkstone. The pen should be Xiao Langgui (about No.3); Ink can be replaced by calligraphy and painting ink; The inkstone can be replaced by small dishes and other utensils. Brushes are used to remove the dust in the process of lithograph engraving, which can be replaced by old toothbrushes. Mirrors are used to look at Yin Gao or print, and to pour words, Yin Gao and lettering.