Wang rail misbehaved and Scott drowned; Officials steal customs and cheat, and compete for sex. Miss the old farmer and cut the thief; Picked up a traitor, power is virtue. Set "rape".
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High officials abuse their powers and neglect their duties, while small officials flatter them; The wise will follow the spirit of the old farmer's aphid picking, expose evil spirits, correct evil officials and benefit the people.
4 1 1, Zhao Guanghan
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Zhao Guanghan is the satrap of Yingchuan. First, the surname of yingchuan hero is in-laws, officials and vulgar cronies. Guanghan suffers from it, and it can be recorded. If you have a case, you will be convicted and punished. Guanghan leaked his words and made him blame each other; He also taught officials to be buckets, wrote books, and cut the main name. However, it is believed that the children of the hero's surname said that since then, the strong families have forged hostilities, traitors have dispersed, and customs have changed greatly.
Guanghan is especially good at taking things. If you want to know the price of a horse, ask the dog, the sheep and the cow first, and then compare the price with the horse, so that you can know the price of the horse according to the class, and it will not be inaccurate. Only Guanghan can do it, others can't.
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In the Han Dynasty, Zhao Guanghan (the famous Jing when Xuan Di proclaimed himself emperor) became the satrap of Yingchuan. At that time, the rich and powerful families in Yingchuan were all connected, and officials were also friends. Zhao Guanghan was very worried about this matter, so he entrusted his trusted subordinates to make trouble on purpose outside and deal with it according to the facts. Once convicted, he will be punished by law. At the same time, he deliberately leaked the confession of his client in order to create suspicion among his cronies.
In addition, officials were ordered to set up suggestion boxes and then send anonymous letters, which were all written by children of wealthy families. As a result, the originally good giants and big families turned against each other in order to attack each other, and soon the small groups formed by the giants and big families were dissolved one after another, and the social atmosphere was greatly improved.
Zhao Guanghan is best at using the "Hook Giant" to spy on information. The so-called "hook giant" originally refers to a barbed crochet needle. Later, metaphor made people fall into deception, so as to spy on secret feelings and know them without asking. For example, if you want to know the price of horses, first ask the price of dogs, then ask the price of cattle and sheep, and finally ask the price of horses. Because of the results of mutual inquiry, we can find a more reliable standard market, and finally we can really know the price of horses.
But only Zhao Guanghan is the best at it, and others are not as good as him in imitation.
4 12, Zhou Chen
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Zhou Wenxiang, the governor of Jiangnan, has a calendar, which he remembers every day and remembers in detail every day, rain or shine. People were confused at first. One day, a county citizen told the grain ship that it had lost its wind in the river, saying that it was the day before noon, and the east wind and the west wind were right and wrong. The case-solving book is qualitative and surprising. I know that Diary of the People is not a book.
Uncle Jiang Ying delivered goods for Jianghuai and tried to set up a flag in front of his office so that the weather would be different. So that all officials in Cao Gang can remember the wind. Take it away every time you arrive, and combine it. Those who accuse it of procrastination dare not take it. Wen Xiang has his roots, too.
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Zhou Chen was the governor of Jiangnan in the Ming Dynasty, and he always carried a notebook with him, which recorded his daily activities in detail. Even the weather every day, rain or shine, is recorded in detail.
At first, many people didn't understand why Zhou Chen went to so much trouble.
One day, a ship owner reported that a grain ship carrying rice grains suddenly sank in the storm. Zhou Chen inquired about the date of the sinking. The shipwreck occurred before noon or in the afternoon. It was easterly or westerly. Zhou Chen opened his notebook and checked them one by one. He found that the reported shipowner was full of nonsense. The reported shipowner confessed his crime in fear.
Only then did everyone realize that Zhou Chen's notebook was not scribbled casually.
[Translated by Feng Ping]
Uncle Jiang Ying, when he was a shipping officer in Jianghuai, once put up a flag in front of the mansion to occupy the wind, and sent people to observe it every day and recorded it. At the same time, the local official of grain transportation is also required to record the daily wind direction of the ship in detail, and check it carefully after the ship enters the port. Those officials who fail to keep records or are careless will be severely scolded, and they will abide by the regulations and be afraid of being scolded.
It seems that the record of weather and wind direction didn't start in Zhou Chen.
4 13, Chen
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Chen is an inspector in Chu. At the beginning of taking office, Jiangxia County sent a document of 1000 yuan, and the publishing house first divided the "detailed photos" and "inspection photos" into two parts. Gong Su heard an ancestor say: "There are rebuttal documents ahead, and if you can't finish reporting them, you must take advantage of the back road to arrive early, bribe officials and muddle through the' inspection'." It took the citizens half a day to personally check the "inspection" documents one by one, but one of them was rejected and the official mixed in. Memorize it first, make a detailed investigation in your life book, and don't be hasty. It's harmless for the bookstore to take bribes. The public chose this one, which is qualitative and has great responsibility. After the "check" file came down, I didn't dare to bully.
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When Chen Chu was appointed as Inspector Chu, Jiangxia County reported more than 1,000 official documents every day, and the clerical officer routinely checked them before they were divided into two batches: qualified and unqualified.
Chen Gong heard from his predecessor a long time ago that many documents submitted before failed to pass the examination, so he would use the opportunity of submitting new documents for the first time to bribe clerical staff in an attempt to trick them into paying the fees. So Chen Gong spent half a day personally checking all the documents one by one. Sure enough, he found that one was rejected and re-presented, while the clerical officer tried to muddle through other documents that passed the examination. Chen Gongxian secretly marked it, then ordered the clerk to check it carefully and warned him not to be careless. Because the clerks accepted bribes, he said they were all qualified. At this time, Chen Gong picked out the rejected documents and questioned the clerical officer. In addition to the heavy penalty, he was fired. In the future, officials will never dare to take bribes again, leaving them alone.
4 14, Xu
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Thieves in Chang 'an suffer more. Zhang Chang saw something bad and asked the elders of Chang 'an. Steal a few chiefs, live in gentle houses, and think they are elders when they get out of heavy riding. Open all the people summoned for questioning, put it in the house because of his sin, and order the thieves to make amends. The chief thief said, "I'm afraid that once I call the government, the thieves will be frightened." I hope everything will be handled well. " Think of all the officials and send people away. When buying wine, the thief came to congratulate him and was drunk, stealing dragons to defile his clothes. Officials read it out from their seats and arrested hundreds of people every day when they saw it dirty. Poverty is robbed.
Thousands of people, including JiNing, the thief of Chao Ge, attacked and killed long officials and gathered for several years. States and counties can't ban them, so they are called Chao Ge's long singers. From the beginning, I visited Ma Ling, the governor of Hanoi. I am willing to make a wrong policy and not arrest anyone. [Side approval: It matters. As for the official, there are three subjects to recruit strong men. From history, we all know that robbers are the best, thieves are the second, and entrepreneurs are the second. He gathered more than 100 people, boasted that he would have a dinner party, and learned his crimes. He lured them into thieves and led them to plunder, but he lay in wait and killed hundreds of thieves. He also sent poor people who could sew to be hired as thieves' clothes, knowing that they were sewn with colored thread. Those who leave the city are caught by officials and thieves are scattered.
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In the Han Dynasty, thieves were rampant in Chang 'an area, and businessmen were miserable. Zhang Chang (Pingyang, with a high word, was Jing Zhaoyin when Xuan Di proclaimed himself emperor, and there were no thieves in the city) became Jing Zhaoyin. After he became Jing Zhaoyin, he found several thief leaders among the elders in Chang 'an. They were all gentle, and when he went out, he took a few followers, like an elder in the city.
Therefore, Zhang Chang summoned them for questioning and offered to pardon them for their crimes. In exchange, they will help the officials wipe out the bandits and immediately turn over a new leaf and make meritorious deeds.
The bandit leader * * * said with a petition: "We were summoned today, probably to alarm our subordinates. In order to clean up smoothly, please trust us. "
So Zhang Chang appointed the leaders of the robbers respectively, let them hold a celebration dinner at home, and informed all the people to congratulate them. While everyone was drunk, the bandit leader secretly made a red mark on the skirt, and then informed the duke to arrest those who saw the red mark on the skirt. As a result, hundreds of bandits were arrested in one day, and Zhang Chang was sentenced according to the severity of each person's crime. The bandits disappeared from Chang 'an.
Chao Ge thief JiNing led thousands of thieves to attack and kill dragon officials, endangering the local area for several years. However, there was nothing the county could do, so the court appointed Seo Woo as the head of the Order of Chao Ge. Before taking office, he made a special trip to visit Maling, the satrap of Hanoi, hoping that Maling would let himself go.
After Seo Woo took office, he first recruited strong men, set up three official standards, and ordered officials to recommend candidates. Anyone who dies because of robbing property is selected as the upper-level service, anyone who is injured because of stealing is the middle-level service, and anyone who is not a producer is the lower-level service. Always recruit 100 people. Seo Woo first hosted a banquet for them and announced on the spot that their crimes would be pardoned. In exchange, they must lurk in the thief camp and lure the thief to leave the camp for looting. Sure enough, these criminals succeeded in instigating thieves to leave the camp one by one, but Seo Woo sent troops to ambush them and finally destroyed hundreds of thieves and robbers.
In addition, he sent spies who could sew clothes for the poor. Many poor people are employed by gangsters to sew clothes. The spies secretly sewed colored lines on the skirts as marks, then informed the officers and men to arrest those who saw the marks, and finally completely disintegrated the thieves.
4 15, Wang Shizhen
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Wang Shizhen prepared troops for Qingzhou, and the Ministry of Civil Affairs fled to catch thieves between Henglai and Weifang. Haidao and Song were in a hurry to return to the world. She has Shi Zhen, and she wants to hide it, but if she tells the king about the arrest of the captain, she will repay her and run away. Shi Zhenyang said, "Keep it." Later that month, Wang Wei caught him stealing. Shizhen knew that he was a power of the times, so she suddenly asked Wang Wei to call him: "What if I don't hide from Lei Ling?" Smell the age catcher under the steps, isn't it evil? "The king was pleasantly surprised and thanked, willing to fly a horse to atone. At the age of Russian, Shizhen said, "You should die, but you can steal what you do and you are born." It also made Wang Wei and the generals steal all the fruits. Shi Zhen is what the Song Dynasty said. [Side batch: Keep it useful. ]
The official school caught seven thieves and escaped one. The name of the person who stole the head and lied about it, and another person was tied to Russia, which is called injustice. It's a far cry from the thief's court, but the man named tie stumbles on the steps and can peek after stealing a few times. The world is full of secrets, and the bound people are the first, so that they can learn from it and enter easily. A thief doesn't know what is easy, that is, silk slippers. Shizhen smiled and said, "You think my official is a thief!" Release the bound person immediately.
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When Wang Shizhen (Cimei) was in Qingzhou in the Ming Dynasty, there was a bandit named Lei Ling among the local tribes, and the court sent cronies to kill him. Seeing that the wind was tight, Lei Ling ran away, and the court handed the task of catching Lei Ling to Wang Shizhen.
Wang Shizhen discovered Lei Ling's hiding place and planned a sneak attack. He accidentally let Wang Wei know. As a result, the spy reported to Lei Ling, and Lei Ling escaped without a trace. Wang Shizhen deliberately said: "Since he escaped, forget it, wait for the next opportunity."
Ten days later, Wang Wei caught a bandit, and Wang Shizhen knew that he had got help from Lei Ling. One day, after Wang Shizhen ordered him to step down, he called Wang Wei and asked him, "Why did you tip off Lei Ling?" Didn't you stand on the steps that day and eavesdrop on our plan to catch Lei Ling? "
Wang Wei immediately admitted his mistake and apologized, and asked to lead the police to arrest Lei Ling personally to atone for his previous crimes. Shortly after Lei Ling was captured, Wang Shizhen said to Lei Ling, "According to your crime, you should be put to death, but if you can catch a thief for me, I will let you live."
So, Wang Wei was ordered to catch the thief with him, and the thief was successfully caught, so Wang Shizhen went to the court to ask for pardon of Lei Ling.
On one occasion, the government arrested seven bandits, but there were still ten bandits at large. The bandit leader deliberately lied about the name of the escaped prisoner. Soon, according to the confession of the bandit leader, a criminal was caught, but the man kept complaining, so Wang Shizhen ordered the bandit to take his headband to a distant court and asked the defender to kneel on the steps for trial. The bandit leader has been spying on the silk shoes worn by the defenders. At this time, Wang Shizhen secretly let a subordinate official cover his face with a cloth, put on silk shoes and dress up as a defender. But the bandit leader didn't know that the man had been replaced, and still claimed that the man in silk shoes was an accomplice. Wang Shizhen said with a smile, "How dare you call my subordinates bandits? It seems that what you have explained before is nonsense. " Release the offenders immediately.
4 16, Wang Shouren
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In Zhenguan, Zuo Cheng and Li Xing's brother explained that his ex-wife was loyal to his stepmother, so she went into hiding in private. She pursued the expert cunningly, and she didn't know it, so she asked. In desperation, the stepmother lied about lying in the street with a scarf. In Chang 'an County, there is a cloud: "Someone lied to me and called me. When a purple man saw him staying overnight, he didn't know his name and took him to the street." Loyalty and fear, private speculation, suspected by bad people, sent to the county. Captain Wang Yun asked questions in the room, but he was not allowed. A shilling squatted under the mattress to listen, and asked a postman to lock the door. The mother and son said, "I won't accept it!" " "In private, when the door opened, the people in the case got up, and the mother and son were frightened and disobeyed the law.
Wang Heshang, the leader of the thieves, climbed out of the gang and killed many countries. Han Xiao is twice as fierce as his thief, and he is convinced of it. Suddenly, one day, Ying Heng's mother sued Bing Dao, criticized Zhou Xia and cited Wang Heshang as evidence. They thought, could it be that money and Xu had lost their ears? So a desk was set up in the back hall, and a door was hidden around the desk, calling all three thieves to review the case before the case. If there are guests in the hotel, the public will leave. After a while, the man came back, when a cloud emerged from under the table: "I heard Wang Heshang say to the two thieves,' Hold on with two sticks, and I'll take them down for you later. "Three thieves worry, kowtow to death.
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During the reign of Emperor Taizong Zhenguan, an incest case happened. Li Xing, the younger brother of Li Xingde, the right prime minister, committed adultery with Jong Li, the son of his ex-wife, and his stepmother. Both of them went into hiding. When the emperor learned of this, he ordered our company to investigate the case quickly.
The stepmother of one of the people involved tied her neck with a scarf and fell on the street. When the yamen in Chang 'an County interrogated me, she lied: "Someone sent me to a place by a fake official order. A purple robe man saw me and forced me to stay overnight. I didn't know my name, so he knocked me out and sent me to the street."
Jong Li heard the wind and was very scared. He asked around, but he suspected that the motive was unknown. After he was arrested, he gave it to Wang Wei, the county magistrate, and was locked in a house with his stepmother. Wang Xuan ordered one of his men to eavesdrop under the bed in advance, while the other pretended to report to Wang Xuan and locked the door.
The mother and son involved take care of each other: "Never admit this case!" And said some secret things in private.
After the king came, the eavesdropper also appeared at this time. The mother and son were so scared that they had to bow their heads and admit their mistakes and accept the sanctions of national laws.
In the Ming Dynasty, Wang Heshang, the bandit leader, recruited two accomplices, namely Ying Heng and Qi Zai. They were twice as brave and tough as other bandits, and the government had arrested them.
10 days later, Du Yingheng's mother sent a 10 petition through the Ministry of War, approving the trial in the next state, and asked Wang Heshang to testify.
After careful judgment, Wang Yangming guessed that Wang Heshang must have colluded, and more than two people promised to be excused, so he ordered to set up a desk in the back hall of the yamen. There was a person in charge of monitoring in the desk, and then three defendants were summoned to the case. Halfway through the trial, Zaoli suddenly reported that a VIP was visiting the front office, and Wang Yangming immediately got up and rushed out.
After a while, Wang Shouren returned to the back hall, and the man hiding under the table came out and reported, "I just heard Wang Heshang say to the two thieves,' Interrogate them once or twice with a stick for the time being, and then I will forgive you. ""Wang Heshang three people frightened to disgrace on the spot, kowtowing to ask for forgiveness.
4 17, Su Huan
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When Su Xun knew about Hengzhou, Leiyang people were killed and stolen by thieves. The captain accused a man of being a thief, but he was careless and suspicious. When he asked what he followed, he said, "The archer saw blood on the clothes and grass, so he asked his friends to come and have a look, so that he could be sacrificed." Huan said, "If an archer sees a bloody coat, he should take credit for it and still be willing to call someone." ? This must be a traitor. "If you believe, it will be a real thief.
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When Su Xun governed Hengzhou, a citizen who came to Leiyang was killed by a thief, but the murderer was never caught. One day, the captors arrested a man and accused him of being a murderer. After investigation, Su Huan found many doubts, so she called the captor and asked him about the process of catching the murderer. The captor said, "It was the archer who first found a bloodstained garment in the haystack, and then asked his companions to check it and found that this man was not far from the bloodstained garment, so everyone arrested him together."
Su Xun mused, "According to common sense, archers will catch the murderer first when they see the bloody clothes. How is it possible to attract companions? This archer must be a thief and a spy. "
After being arrested and interrogated, it didn't take long to catch the real murderer.
4 18, Fan Yun
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Fan Yun will take charge of people and guard Huai 'an. King Jing went out of the Francisco, thieves sought to rob the king, and set up a party from Tianjin to Poyang, with 500 people in and out. One evening, when an official went to work, the concierge informed him that a distinguished guest was staying in Panshiyuan and asked, "Did you hand in the cards?" "No," he was ordered to report, "There are many followers, which is even more different." Suspected to be a thief, Yin chose dozens of healthy soldiers, and clothes were as easy as farmers. He said, "Look at those people who come into the store. Yang drinks and drinks, so you fight and fight." And warned: "don't talk about catching thieves." As soon as the soldiers dispersed, the guests were ordered to cross the street to the west gate, and those who held them complained before, that is, they closed. Compared with the other way around, there are seventeen people. Yang angrily scolded 1, "just arrived, the lawsuit was too busy to eat. Why not have a fight at leisure? " The order was bundled. In the evening, the order was issued as a warning, and the officials had food and needed it. After 20 minutes, he was released from prison, swearing at him and spitting it out. That is, to catch the thief, who has escaped. Legacy, prostitutes also. Then he reported to Xu, Yang and other generals, killed 17 prisoners, and all the thieves were scattered.
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Fan Zhen, Hui Jiren, guarding Huai 'an. Once King Jing traveled, a thief threatened to hijack King Jing. His henchmen spread from Tianjin to Poyang. The thief sent 500 people in and out of the market to get information.
One night, when the yamen was closing, a doorman reported that the royal family had entered the city and now lived in Panshiyuan. Fan Yun asked the doorman, "Does the other party have a token to prove his identity?"
A: "No."
So Fan Yun ordered people to spy on each other's actions. Spy report: "The other side has many followers and frequent visits."
Fan Yun suspected that they were bandits, secretly selected dozens of strong foot soldiers, put on casual clothes and dressed up as villagers. Fan Yun said to them, "When you see those people enter the pub, follow them in and have a drink with them, then deliberately provoke a conflict, fight with them, and then go into the office together." Then he warned them, "Don't talk about catching thieves."
After the fake villagers dispersed, Gong Fan immediately ordered people to prepare a sedan chair to visit the distinguished guests in Ximen. After crossing the market, some troublemakers sued the officials, Fan Yuan ordered someone to be detained, and one * * * arrested another 17 people. At this moment, Fan Yun deliberately scolded: "Wang Yegang has just arrived, and I am busy receiving Wang Ye. How can I control you to fight? " Ordered his men to put everyone in prison.
In the middle of the night, Fan Yun ordered the court to inquire about the case and asked his men to fill their stomachs and prepare for a long trial. After midnight, officials will take a bunch of people to court. After being severely questioned by Fan Yan, they were really thieves as Fan Yan guessed. Fan Zhen immediately led the army to encircle and encircle, only to find that the thief had fled when he heard the news. The so-called separated wives were all prostitutes.
So Fan Fei rode to deliver an urgent document, which was intercepted by local commanders. As for the captured 17 thieves, all of them were put to death, and all the other thieves were scattered.
4 19, General Jurisdiction
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There are thieves in Lin 'an Jiatu Bank, and the trail is not like people coming in and out. The general manager said to his disciples, "I'm afraid it's a monkey in the city. Try threatening it." If you don't lie down, hold on tight; If you don't lie down, it's in your palm. " As he spoke, he felt that he had nothing to vomit, and his face changed for a long time. Is to let the lynx in and take something from the skylight. Or how does the general manager know? He said: "I dare not take what is necessary, but those who are afraid of others will have nothing to spit on." Fortunately they are in the middle ear. "
Another general manager is sitting in Bart's teahouse. There is a customer who sells boiled water, holds two silver cups, and wears a suit like a giant businessman. He drank while walking, and the general manager saw it from a distance and shouted, "I'm here, I can't do anything." I will hold you. " The guest left with shame and apology. People asked him why, and said, "This thief kui is also suitable for soup. He holds the bowl in both hands and covers it with shade to make it wide and narrow, so that the forger can listen easily. "
Brigitte Han suddenly lost some silverware in the palace, and her handmaid let out a cry, because a thief hurt her hand. Zhao ordered the steward to be in charge of the palace. After a long trial, he sent a servant to inform her and get her clothes. Bai Gui Zhao Yun said, "I think the maid's wound is in her left hand. [Marginal criticism: whoever refuses the blade must use his right hand. ] Gai had an affair with his servant, stole his weapon, hurt himself with a blade, and called him a thief by mistake; And this servant has a different meaning, so he understands. "
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There is a thief in Lin 'an. According to the traces left at the scene, it seems that it was not man-made theft. The general manager said to his subordinate officials, "I'm afraid this theft was done by a charlatan who played monkeys in the street." You might as well arrest this man and force him to question him; " If he still does not plead guilty, he will spit on the palm of his hand. "
The subordinate asked the monkey-juggler to spit, but the man found himself thirsty and could not spit at all. His face changed greatly, and he only bowed his head and confessed. It turned out that he instructed the monkey to enter the house through the skylight and steal property.
An official asked the general manager how he knew that monkey tricks were thieves. The general manager said, "I'm not absolutely sure, but the fear in people's hearts will affect the secretion of saliva, so I'll give it a try." Fortunately, I guessed right. "
When another general manager was sitting in a teahouse drinking tea, the teahouse owner took out a silver cup to pour tea and sold it to the guests. A guest dressed as a wealthy businessman walked into the teahouse and picked up a silver cup on the table to drink tea. The general manager sitting in the distance suddenly said to the rich businessman, "You can't play tricks with me, or I'll put you in prison." The fake rich businessman left in shame at once.
Someone asked the Chief Superintendent why, and the Chief Superintendent said, "That wealthy businessman just now really pretended to be a bandit. When he was drinking tea just now, he held a silver cup in his hands. In fact, he is measuring the size of the silver cup and can replace it with a fake one. "
On another occasion, several pieces of silverware were suddenly stolen from the Korean palace. The thief cut her wrist when the maid in charge of silverware called for a thief. At that time, Yin Jingzhao went to the Han Palace to handle a case from the general manager. The general manager observed it for a long time and suddenly arrested a confidant of the prince. After interrogation, the confidant confessed to the facts of the crime.
The general manager returned to the office and reported to Zhao: "I just checked, and the wound of the handmaid is in the left hand." If it is really to resist thieves, the wound should be in the right hand. After the trial, I really admitted that I had an affair with Wang Ye's cronies, so I stole silver for him, cut my wrist with a knife, and deliberately lied that there was a thief. As soon as I saw that this confidant was different from others, I arrested me and was able to solve the case. "
420. Dong Hangcheng
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Dong Hangcheng, Hanoi County, Tang Huaizhou can be a thief. A man stole a pedestrian donkey from Heyang Changdian and put it in a leather bag, hoping to see Huaizhou in the morning. See it in the street and say, "A thief is coming!" " Get off the donkey and lie down. People asked why they knew, and they said, "The donkey was anxious and sweaty, but it didn't last long." Seeing people lead donkeys far away is also timid. It can be seen from this. "Captured, sent to the county, for a while, the donkey owner has arrived.
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In the Tang Dynasty, in Hanoi County, Huaizhou, there was a man named Dong Hangcheng who could tell at a glance whether the other party was a thief or not.
A thief stole a donkey and a purse from passers-by in Heyang Changdian. He arrived in Huaizhou at dawn and happened to meet Dong Hangcheng.
When Dong Hangcheng saw it, he shouted, "Stop, you thief!"
The man immediately got off the donkey and confessed.
Afterwards, someone asked Dong Xingcheng how he could tell that the man was a thief. Dong Xingcheng said: "This donkey is sweating because of the long journey. This person will lead the donkey everywhere when he meets passers-by. This must be because he has a guilty conscience, so I conclude that he must be a thief. "
Soon after the donkey thief was sent to the county government, the donkey owner followed.