1. Modern poetry, also known as modern poetry, is a mature metrical poem in the Tang Dynasty, with four poetic styles: five-character quatrains and seven-character quatrains. The Tang dynasty called it modern poetry, mainly to distinguish it from the poems before the Tang dynasty. Either modern poetry or ancient poetry.
2. Classical poetry and modern poetry belong to classical poetry. Beautiful language, smooth phonology and beautiful artistic conception.
3. New poetry is a new poetic style created in vernacular before and after the May 4th Movement. It is not limited by metrical rules, has no fixed format, and pays attention to natural and internal rhythm, rhyming or not. The number of words, lines, sentence patterns and tones are relatively free, and the language is relatively popular.
People usually compare classical poetry with modern poetry. Ancient poetry was formed in the late Eastern Han Dynasty and prevailed in Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties. After the Sui and Tang Dynasties, although modern poetry has prevailed, ancient poetry has not declined, and it still develops in parallel with modern poetry. Du Fu's Trencher, Bai Xuege and Bai Juyi's Selling Charcoal Weng are all ancient poems written by the Tang Dynasty. It can be seen that the difference between ancient poetry and modern poetry can not be completely distinguished by the age of poetry creation, but by the age formed by the system of these two kinds of poetry.
Classical poetry is mainly divided into two categories: five-character quatrains and seven-character quatrains. In seven-character ancient poems, some sentences are seven words, the most famous of which is "Snow White Farewell Tian Shuji Wu Guijia Song":
The north wind swept across the earth and messed up Pennisetum, and the weather in August will be covered with heavy snow.
Suddenly, like a night wind blowing, like a pear tree in blossom.
Snowflakes fell into the curtains and wet them. The fur was not warm and the gold cup was too thin.
The general used cold hands to protect his hands. The armored steel was too cold to wear.
The desert freezes over/kloc-0.000 feet, with a crack, and the sky is full of darkness and melancholy.
In the manager's account, this wine is a farewell party, and the Huqin Pipa flute ensemble adds luster to this entertainment.
In the evening, in front of the headquarters gate, heavy snow fell, the red flag froze, and the wind could not drag.
There are seven words in ancient poetry, and there are also three words, four words and nine words, such as "the hut was broken by the autumn wind":
In August and autumn, the wind roared and rolled up my three hairs.
Mao flew over the river and sprinkled on the river, and the highest one hung with a long forest top.
The next person floats to Shentang 'ao. The children in Nancun bully me. I can stand being a thief.
Openly holding the hair in the bamboo, my lips are dry and I can't breathe, and I sigh when I return.
In an instant, the wind will set the color of the clouds and ink, and the autumn will be bleak and dark.
This cloth has been as cold as iron for many years, and Joule has been lying down and cracking.
There is no dry place in the bedside table, and the feet are numb with rain.
How can you get wet all night since you are in a mess and don't get enough sleep!
There are tens of millions of luxury houses in Ande, which greatly protect the poor people in the world from the spring breeze and the wind and rain!
Alas, when I suddenly saw this house in front of me, my family froze to death alone!
This kind of ancient poetry is generally considered as a seven-character ancient poem, which can also be called a miscellaneous poem. There is also an ancient poem that is four words, such as "Watching the Sea":
On the east coast, climb Jieshi Mountain to see the vast sea. The sea is so vast that the islands stand high on the sea.
Trees and paraquat are very lush. Autumn wind makes trees make sad sounds, and the sea is surging. The movement of the sun and the moon seems to come from the vast ocean.
The Milky Way is full of stars, as if it were born in this vast ocean.
Fortunately, even! Sing with ambition.
The number of words in each sentence of ancient poetry is usually neat; Even the miscellaneous poems are symmetrical. For example, Song of Chile:
Chilechuan, under the shady mountain, the sky is like a vault, and the cage covers four fields.
The sky is wild, and the wind and grass move to see cattle and sheep.
This folk song, the number of words in the sentence is neat and symmetrical. The first two sentences are three-character pairs, the last two sentences are four-character pairs, and the last three sentences are three, three and seven characters, which seem to be unpaired, but two three-character sentences are usually regarded as one seven-character sentence, so they form two seven-character sentences, which are still symmetrical. There is a limit to the number of words in a sentence, but there is no limit to the number of words in a poem, whether it is five or seven, such as Peacock Flying Southeast and Song of Eternal Sorrow.
All ancient poems must rhyme, and the four tones can rhyme, and they are not limited to one poem and one rhyme, but can rhyme in the middle. For example: Stone Trencher;
At dusk, officials arrested people at night. The old man climbed over the wall and left, while the old woman went out to watch.
No matter how angry officials are, why do women cry! Before listening to his wife's speech: three men are guarding Yecheng.
One man attached a book, and two men died. Those who drag out an ignoble existence are dead!
There is no one in the room, only a baby and a grandson. And grandma didn't go, and there was no skirt in and out.
Although the old woman is physically weak, please come back at night and be anxious to prepare for cooking in the morning.
The night is long and silent, like crying and choking. Dawn will rise into the future, leaving the old man alone.
This five-character ancient poem has ***24 sentences, and * * * uses 6 rhymes, with one rhyme for every four sentences.
It can be seen that the rules of rhyme in classical poetry are: (1) two sentences must be rhymed; (2) It can rhyme, no matter how much; (3) Ancient rhymes were used in ancient poems before the Tang Dynasty, and most ancient poems after the Tang Dynasty used Tang rhymes (that is, Guang Yun system); (4) Rhyme is also divided into parts. Generally speaking, four tones can't pass.
Modern poetry is a new style poetry formed since Sui and Tang Dynasties, including quatrains and metrical poems. Modern poetry is relative to ancient poetry. The Song Dynasty is similar to the Tang Dynasty, so people in the Song Dynasty called this new body rhythm poem formed since Sui and Tang Dynasties as modern poetry. Rhyme is the basic form of modern poetry. For example, Spring Tour of Qiantang Lake:
From the north side of Gushan Temple to the west side of Jiating, the lake is just level with the embankment, with low clouds and waves on the lake.
Several early orioles raced to the sunny tree, and their new swallows were carrying mud in their nests.
Colorful spring flowers will gradually fascinate people's eyes, and shallow spring grass can barely cover the horseshoe.
I love the beauty on the east bank of the West Lake, and I can't get enough of it, especially the white sand embankment under the green poplar.
It is not difficult to see that, in terms of time, the poems before Sui and Tang Dynasties are all ancient poems, which is certain. Poems since Sui and Tang Dynasties, whether ancient poems or modern poems, have not been selected into textbooks. Therefore, the key to distinguish ancient poetry from modern poetry is poetry since the Tang Dynasty.
Can help students distinguish between classical poetry and modern poetry from the following aspects:
One is to distinguish by the number of words. There are four-character, five-character, seven-character and irregular characters in ancient poetry, and there are also a few three-character and six-character poems. Modern poetry is only popular in five-character and seven-character styles, and the number of words should not be arbitrarily increased or decreased.
The second is to distinguish by the number of sentences. The number of each sentence of ancient poetry can be more or less, from two to hundreds; Modern poetry has a definite number, four quatrains, eight rhymes and more than eight lines.
The third is to distinguish by rhyme. The rhyme of ancient poetry is not strict, and the rhyme foot can be flat or flat. The whole poem can be a flat rhyme, even a rhyme, or it can be changed into other rhymes at will. Every sentence in the poem can rhyme, and the rhyming words can be repeated.
The levels of words are extremely extensive. Rhyme in poetry is not limited to even sentences, and odd sentences can also be used. In poetry, we can communicate with neighboring rhymes and rising tones. Sentences that allow prose. Most modern poems are strict with the word "flat and even".
According to the requirements, a poem is limited to one rhyme. Except for the first sentence, which can rhyme or not, all other sentences rhyme even. Words used for rhyming cannot be repeated. The last word of a sentence doesn't need to rhyme, and a flat tone can't be the same as a rhyming sentence.
The last sentence is the same. You can't use adjacent rhymes except the first sentence. All use flat rhyme.
The fourth is to distinguish by antithesis. Classical poetry does not need antithesis; In addition to quatrains, modern poetry also requires antithesis in a designated position.
The fifth is to distinguish by meters. The number of words in sentences in ancient poetry can be equal, long or short; Modern poetry has strict metrical requirements, either five words or seven words. And there are special requirements for the level of words. For example, The Five Commandments has four basic metrical patterns: 1, and it's plain and plain.
2. Flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat.
3. Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping.
4. Flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat.
The five laws have the following four basic rhythms:
1, Pingping Pingping Pingping.
Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping.
2. Flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat.
Flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat.
3. Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping.
Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping.
4. Flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat.
Flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat.
There are four basic metrical patterns in the Seven Musts:
1, average, average
It is flat, flat, flat, flat.
2. Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping.
Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping.
3. Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping.
It is flat, flat, flat, flat.
4. it's flat and light, flat and light.
Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping.
The Seven Laws have the following four basic rhythms:
1, average, average
It is flat, flat, flat, flat.
Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping.
It is flat, flat, flat, flat.
2. Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping.
Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping.
Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping.
Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping.
3. Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping.
It is flat, flat, flat, flat.
Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping.
It is flat, flat, flat, flat.
4. it's flat and light, flat and light.
Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping.
It is flat, flat, flat, flat.
Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping.
refer to
[1] Notes on Classical Chinese in Middle Schools, edited by Zhang Changshou, Liu Weihua and Cheng Dichao, published by Chen Guang Publishing House in March 1996.
By: I know the team is unarmed.