2 Overview of the Golden Admiralty
Cao Jinling is the name of traditional Chinese medicine, and published a book "The Theory of Leigong's Processing". It is the dried and mature seed of morning glory or purple morning glory of convolvulaceae [1]. The golden bell flower is shaped like an orange petal, with a length of 4 ~ 8 mm and a width of 3 ~ 5 mm. The surface is grayish black or yellowish white, with a shallow longitudinal groove on the back, and a little hilum at the lower end of the abdominal ridge line, which is slightly concave. Hard, light yellow or yellow-green folded cotyledons can be seen in the cross section, which is slightly oily. Slight breathing, pungent, bitter and numb. The stir-fried golden bell rose slightly, the color deepened, the section was light yellow and slightly fragrant [1]. Medicinal commodities with gray-black seed coat are called black ugliness, and yellow-white ones are called white ugliness, which are collectively called two ugliness [2].
Grass Dolly belongs to the medicine of benefiting water under bad conditions. Bitter taste and cold nature; Toxic [1]. Entering lung, kidney and large intestine meridian [1]. It has the functions of purging water, relaxing bowels, eliminating phlegm, killing insects and attacking accumulation [1]. Can be used for the treatment of water swelling, constipation, phlegm retention, cough and asthma due to adverse qi, abdominal pain due to worm accumulation, ascaris lumbricoides, and parasitic diseases. Goldenrod tends to drain water to reduce swelling and kill insects [1]. Used for abdominal pain caused by water swelling, constipation and insect accumulation [1]. Stir-fried Flos Lonicerae can reduce toxicity, alleviate medicinal properties, avoid damaging healthy qi, easily crush and stir-fry, and be good at promoting digestion and guiding stagnation [1]. Mostly used for dyspepsia, qi deficiency and phlegm obstruction [1].
Pharmacopoeia of People's Republic of China (PRC) (20 10 edition) records the pharmacopoeia standard of this Chinese medicine.
3 Latin name morning glory (La) (Chinese medicine terminology (2004))
4 English name pharbitis seed (Chinese Medicine Terminology (2004))
Caojinzhong is also known as Black Ugly, White Ugly, Erugly and Morning Glory.
Morning glory [2].
Black ugly, white ugly, morning glory, two ugly [3].
6. The prescription of the grass golden bell uses the famous grass golden bell, black ugly, white ugly, second ugly, morning glory, fried grass golden bell, and fried second ugly [1].
7. Admiralty is the dried and mature seed of morning glory or purple morning glory [1].
Medicinal commodities with gray-black seed coat are called black ugliness, and yellow-white ones are called white ugliness, which are collectively called two ugliness [2].
Seeds of Petunia hybrida. Seeds of P. nil(L.)Choisy, a plant belonging to the same genus, are also used as herbs.
The original plant type is an annual twining herb, and the whole plant is densely covered with long white hair. Leaves alternate, broadly cordate, entire; The petiole is almost as long as the total pedicel. Inflorescence has 1 ~ 3 flowers; Sepals 5-parted, lobes ovate-lanceolate, about 1 cm long, apex and tail tip; Corolla white, blue-purple or purple-red, funnel-shaped, 5 ~ 8 cm long; Stamens 5; Ovary 3-loculed. The capsule is spherical. 5 ~ 6 seeds, ovoid, black or yellow-white. The flowering period is from June to September, and the fruiting period is 7-65438+1October.
Born in bushes, villages and roadsides in Shan Ye; Cultivate more. It is distributed all over the country.
9 Harvest and primary processing When the fruit is ripe in late autumn and the shell is not cracked, cut the plant, dry it in the sun, spread seeds and remove impurities [1].
10 Pharmacognosy: Admiralty is shaped like an orange petal, 4 ~ 8 mm long and 3 ~ 5 mm wide ... The surface is grayish black or yellowish white, with a shallow longitudinal groove on the back, and a little hilum at the lower end of the ventral ridge, which is slightly concave. Hard, light yellow or yellow-green folded cotyledons can be seen in the cross section, which is slightly oily. Slight breathing, pungent, bitter and numb. (People's Republic of China (PRC) Pharmacopoeia (20 10 Edition))
165438+ Take the sunken sun-dried, steam it with wine, dry it from beginning to end, and use it to remove the black skin in spring [1]. "
In the Tang Dynasty, there were boiling (the secret recipe of foreign Taiwan), frying and lime frying (the secret recipe of the fairy healing and teasel) [1].
In the Song Dynasty, there were fried and ginger wine systems (Taiping Sheng Hui Square); Fried bran (dustpan); Toilet system ("standby materia medica for political and economic rehabilitation"); Pickling, fried rice, steaming, Evodia rutaecarpa, etc. (Biotechnology General Record) [1].
In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the former method was basically adopted, and Puji recipe also included vinegar boiling and water boiling [1]. The method of soaking with tooth soap juice in Shoushibaoyuan [1].
Now the main processing method is fried yellow [1].
1 1. 1 caojinling1.1./caojinling take the original medicinal materials, remove impurities and mash them in time [1].
1 1. 1.2 Stir-fry the herb golden bell flower. Take the cleaned herb golden bell flower, put it in a stir-fry container, heat it with slow fire, stir-fry until it swells, crackles, deepens in color and the section is light yellow, and you can get [1].
1 1.2 finished product features: the golden bell of grass resembles orange petals, and the surface is grayish black (black ugly) or yellowish white (white ugly) [1]. There is 1 shallow longitudinal groove on the back, and there is a little umbilical cord at the lower end of the abdominal ridge line, which is slightly concave [1]. Hard [1]. Odorless, hard, numb [1].
The stir-fried golden bell rose slightly, the color deepened, the section was light yellow and slightly fragrant [1].
1 1.3 processing effect: the grass golden bell tends to drain water to reduce swelling and kill insects [1]. Used for abdominal pain caused by water swelling, constipation and insect accumulation [1]. Such as Zhouche Pill (Jingyue Quanshu) filled with water control and detumescence; Petunia powder (Shen's life-respecting operation) for treating abdominal pain caused by insects [1].
After processed, Cynanchum komarovii can reduce toxicity, alleviate medicinal properties, and it is not harmful to healthy qi, easy to be crushed, easy to be decocted and taken, and good at promoting digestion and guiding stagnation [1]. Mostly used for dyspepsia, qi deficiency and phlegm obstruction [1]. For example, it can be used to treat weaning, abdominal distension, constipation, excessive phlegm, asthma and cough in children (China Pharmacopoeia) [1].
Storage method: 1 1.4 stored in a dry container, sealed and placed in a ventilated and dry place [1].
12 tropical grass tastes bitter and cold in golden bell; Toxic [1]. Entering lung, kidney and large intestine meridian [1].
13 The efficacy and indications of the herb Chimonanthus fragrans have the functions of purging water, relaxing bowels, eliminating phlegm, killing insects and attacking accumulation [1]. Can be used for the treatment of water swelling, constipation, phlegm retention, cough and asthma due to adverse qi, abdominal pain due to worm accumulation, ascaris lumbricoides, and parasitic diseases.
Working in diarrhea, draining water, eliminating food accumulation and killing insects [2]. Indications: edema, ascites, dysuria, beriberi, excessive phlegm, cough and asthma, constipation caused by gastrointestinal stagnation, severe diarrhea after acute diarrhea, swelling, abscess, salivation and abdominal pain caused by insects [2].
Goldenrod tends to drain water to reduce swelling and kill insects [1]. Used for abdominal pain caused by water swelling, constipation and insect accumulation [1]. Such as Zhouche Pill (Jingyue Quanshu) filled with water control and detumescence; Petunia powder (Shen's life-respecting operation) for treating abdominal pain caused by insects [1].
Stir-fried Flos Lonicerae can reduce toxicity, alleviate medicinal properties, avoid damaging healthy qi, easily crush and stir-fry, and be good at promoting digestion and guiding stagnation [1]. Mostly used for dyspepsia, qi deficiency and phlegm obstruction [1]. For example, it is used for stopping lactation, abdominal distension, constipation, excessive phlegm, asthma and cough in children (China Pharmacopoeia) [1].
Usage and dosage 14 grinding (taking the head end) and swallowing1~ 2g; Decocting: 3 ~ 6g [2].
The chemical composition 15 of Cynanchum komarovii contains morning glory, gallic acid C, D, cis-gallic acid, niacin and so on.
The seeds contain aucubin, gallic acid, rye horn and so on. [2].
Immature seeds contain a variety of gibberellins and their glycosides [2].
Oxalic acid, crotonic acid, etc. [2] is produced by the hydrolysis of oxalic acid.
Petunia rotundifolia seeds also contain Petunia [2].
16 pharmacological effects of "Cao Dolly" Both water extract and alcohol extract have laxative effects on mice [2]. The effective component that causes diarrhea is mainly aucubin, which decomposes in the intestine to cause diarrhea [2].
The grass golden bell also has a certain effect of exciting smooth muscle [2].
Methanol extract can resist oxidation [2].
17 contraindications for pregnant women [2].
18 compatibility taboo grass golden bell should not be used with croton [2]
19 goldenrod poisoning contains goldenrod glycoside and various alkaloids, and its main pharmacological effects are relaxing bowels, exciting uterine smooth muscle, expelling worms, diuresis and exciting intestines [3].
19. 1 Adverse reaction mechanism Its component, oridonin, decomposes into oridonin when it meets bile and intestinal juice in the intestine, which has a strong * * * effect on gastrointestinal mucosa, and can also damage the kidney and central nervous system, leading to speech disorder and coma. [4]
19.2 Poisoning symptoms: The poisoning symptoms of Daphne odora are dizziness, headache, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, bloody stool or hematuria, high fever, coma, weakness of limbs and shortness of breath, which can damage the central nervous system and cause shock and death in severe cases [4].
19.3 treatment points of admiralty poisoning are [4]:
1. Promote poison discharge, induce vomiting and gastric lavage, and take milk and egg white orally. Intravenous infusion, vitamin K and calcium lactate supplementation.
2. Symptomatic treatment: intramuscular injection of atropine 0.5mg, oral administration of compound camphor tincture 2ml, 3 ~ 4 times a day, if necessary, can stop spasm and diarrhea; Correct electrolyte disorder.
The 20. 1 golden bell in Pharmacopoeia Standard 20 is called golden bell.
Qianniuzi
Morning glory
20.2 This product comes from the dried and mature seeds of morning glory or purple morning glory of convolvulaceae. In late autumn, when the fruit is ripe and the shell is not cracked, cut the plant, dry it in the sun, bury the seeds and remove impurities.
20.3 Characteristics The appearance of this product is orange petals, 4 ~ 8 mm long and 3 ~ 5 mm wide .. The surface is grayish black or yellowish white, with shallow longitudinal grooves on the back, and a little hilum at the lower end of the ventral ridge, which is slightly concave. Hard, light yellow or yellow-green folded cotyledons can be seen in the cross section, which is slightly oily. Slight breathing, pungent, bitter and numb.
20.4 Identification (1) Take this product. After soaking in water, the seed coat cracked, and it was obviously sticky when twisted by hand.
(2) The powder of this product is yellowish brown. The epidermal cells of seed coat are dark brown, irregular in shape and wavy in wall. Single cell without glandular hairs, yellowish brown, slightly curved, 50 ~ 240 microns long. There are secretory cavities in cotyledon fragments, which are round or oval, with a diameter of 35 ~ 106 μ m, and the diameter of calcium oxalate clusters is 10 ~ 25μ m, and grating tissue fragments and bright bands can be seen from time to time.
(3) Take this product powder 1g, put it in Soxhlet extractor, heat and reflux it with proper amount of petroleum ether (60 ~ 90℃) for 2h, discard the petroleum ether solution, evaporate the solvent in the residue, add the mixed solution of dichloromethane and methanol (3: 1), stand for 6h, and recover the solvent to 5? Ml, as the test solution. In addition, 65438 0 g of Cynanchum komarovii was taken as the control medicinal material, and the control medicinal material solution was prepared by the same method. Then the caffeic acid reference substance is added with methanol to prepare a solution per 1m 1 containing 1mg as the reference substance solution. According to the test of thin-layer chromatography (appendix ⅵ b of Pharmacopoeia I, 20 10), take the test solution 10 ~ 20μ l and the reference solution 3μl, respectively, and spot them on the same high-efficiency silica gel G thin-layer plate, with dichloromethane methanol formic acid (93: 9: 4) as the developing agent, unfold, take out, dry and spray phosphorus. In the chromatogram of the test sample, the same blue-black spots appear in the positions corresponding to the chromatograms of the reference medicinal materials and the reference substance.
20.5 Check that the water content in 20.5. 1 shall not exceed 10.0% (First Method of Appendix VII H in Pharmacopoeia 20 10).
20.5.2 The total ash content shall not exceed 5.0% (Appendix ⅸ k of Pharmacopoeia I, 20 10).
20.6 alcohol-soluble extract determination method (pharmacopoeia 20 10 edition appendix x? A) Under the cold soaking method, when ethanol is used as the solvent, it shall not be less than 65438 05.0%.
20.7 Chinese traditional medicine decoction pieces: Golden Flower 20.7. 1 Processing to remove impurities 20.7. 1. Mash it with time.
20.7.1.1.1is the same as medicinal materials.
20.7. 1. 1.2 Identification of the same medicinal materials.
20.7. 1. 1.3 Check the same medicinal materials.
20.7. The extract of1.1.4 is the same as the medicinal material.
20.7. 1.2 stir-fry the golden bell. Stir-fry Chimonanthus fragrans (Appendix II D of Pharmacopoeia I, 20 10) to a slight drum. Mash it with time.
This product looks like a golden bell, with a dark brown or yellowish brown surface and a slight bulge. Slightly fragrant.
20.7. The extract of1.2.1is the same as that of medicinal materials, and shall not be less than 12.0%.
20.7. 1.2.2 The test (total ash) is the same as that of medicinal materials.
20.7.2 Sexual taste and bitter and cold meridian tropism; Toxic. Enter lung, kidney and large intestine meridian.
20.7.3 Functions and indications: purging water to relieve constipation, eliminating phlegm, killing insects and attacking accumulation. It can be used for edema, constipation, phlegm retention, asthma and cough due to qi adverse reaction, and abdominal pain due to insect accumulation.
20.7.4 Usage and dosage 3 ~ 6g. Take the pills in powder, each time 1.5 ~ 3g.
20.7.5 Pay attention to the prohibition of pregnant women; Not applicable to croton and croton cream.
20.7.6 Store in a dry place.
20.8 sources