Every night in late summer and early autumn, a very bright star appears over the southeast of Lhasa. At this time, the Tibetan people began the annual bathing festival. Legend has it that the star only appears for seven nights. Why do people designate the seven nights when the stars appear as a bathing festival? A long time ago, there was a famous doctor on the grassland. His name was Yuto Yundangombo. His medical skill is so brilliant that he can cure any intractable diseases. Therefore, Chisong Dêzain, the king of Tibet, asked him to be a physician, specializing in treating Tibetan kings and concubines. However, after Yuto entered the palace, he still couldn't forget the people on the grassland. He often uses the time of going out to collect medicines to treat the people. One year, a terrible plague prevailed, and many herders were bedridden, and some were killed. At this time, Yutuo ran on the vast grassland to treat sick herders. He collected all kinds of medicines from snow-capped mountains and old forests, and whoever took the disease would get better. I don't know how many dying patients have recovered. The name of Dr. Yuto is recited everywhere on the grassland, and people call him the king of medicine. Unfortunately, Dr. Yuto passed away. After his death, there was a terrible plague on the grassland, which was more serious than the previous one, and many people died. The herdsmen who were dying had to kneel on the ground and pray to heaven, hoping for the blessing of heaven. As luck would have it, one day, a woman who had been tortured by illness had a dream. In the dream, Dr. Yuto said to her, "Tomorrow night, when a bright star appears in the southeast sky, you can go down to the Jiqu River and take a bath. After taking a bath, you will get better." Sure enough, after the woman bathed in the Jiqu River, the disease was immediately eliminated. A yellow and thin patient turned into a healthy person with a red face after taking a bath. After the news spread, all the patients came to take a bath in the river. All the patients who take a bath have eliminated the disease and recovered their health. People say that this strange star was changed by Dr. Yuto. In heaven, Dr. Yuto saw that the grassland people were attacked by the plague again, and he couldn't come to earth to treat the people, so he turned himself into a star, turned the river into a potion by starlight, and let people bathe in the river to get rid of the disease. Because the Emperor of Heaven only gave Uto seven days, this star only appeared for seven days. Since then, the Tibetan people have designated these seven days as a bathing festival, and herders from all over the country take a bath in the nearby river at this time of year. It is said that after bathing, people will be healthy and happy, and will not get sick.
The national legend of the Yao people's Zhuzhu Festival
According to legend, in ancient times, there were two equally tall Baoshan mountains, and the one on the left was called "Broxi" Mountain, which stood like a warrior. The one on the right is called "Milotuo" Mountain, like a girl with a long skirt. The two mountains get closer to each other every year, and finally get together after 999. On the 29th day of the fifth lunar month, with an earth-shattering earthquake, the tall and handsome Brosi and slim Milotuo came out of the cracks in the two mountains and got married. They have three daughters. Time flies like a shuttle, and the gray-haired Milo tells her husband to let her three daughters make their own living. The eldest daughter carried a plow and harrow, plowed in the plains, had children, and multiplied into the Han nationality. The second daughter picked up a load of books and left, forming a Zhuang nationality with her descendants. The third daughter took millet and hoe to open up wasteland in the mountains, lived and worked in peace and contentment, and became the ancestor of Yao nationality. Through the hard work of the third daughter, the crops bear numerous fruits. Who knows that there are unexpected events in the sky, and the fruits with full grains are eaten up by birds, animals and gophers in an instant. Milotuo encouraged her daughter when she was in danger: "It is inevitable that there will be dark clouds in the sky, and life will suffer setbacks. Strong winds can't blow down Jinsong, and difficulties can't scare hardworking people. As long as you work hard, life will be happy." And gave her a gong and a cat. In the coming year, the crops will grow even more gratifying. She rang the bronze drum given by her mother, scaring away the birds and animals, releasing the cats and eating up the hamsters, and winning a bumper harvest. In order to repay the kindness of her grandparents, the girl celebrated her mother's birthday with a generous gift on May 29th. Since then, the Yao people have regarded their mother's birthday as a festival to celebrate the harvest.
The Dai people's Water-splashing Festival
is the most grand and ethnic festival of the Dai people. Songkran Festival is the New Year of Dai calendar, which is equivalent to the Spring Festival of Han nationality. Songkran Festival is called "Sanghan Bimai" in Dai language, and it is named Songkran Festival because people splash water on each other during the festival. The Bulang, De 'ang and Achang nationalities in Yunnan also celebrate this festival.
There are many magical legends about the origin of the Water-splashing Festival among the Dai people. It is said that in ancient times, there was a demon king in the Dai area who did many evils, and people hated it, but they could not help it. Later, the devil took seven girls as wives, and the clever seven girls got their fatal weakness from the devil's mouth before he was killed. But when the devil's head fell to the ground, a fire broke out on the ground. As soon as the girl picked up the devil's head, the fire went out. In order to avoid the fire burning, the seven girls took turns holding the devil's head and changed it every year. During the annual rotation, people throw water at the girl who holds the devil to wash away the blood stains on her body and wash away the fatigue for a year. Since then, in order to commemorate these seven girls, an annual traditional festival-Songkran Festival has been formed.
The water-splashing festival is held from June 6th to July 6th in Dai calendar, which is equivalent to April in Gregorian calendar. At this time, the busy farming season of plowing fields and planting seedlings is about to begin. In order to bid farewell to the old year and welcome the new year, we pray for the Buddha and the gods to bless a bumper harvest and a prosperous population, and people will enjoy themselves and bless each other. A few days before the festival, the Dai family was busy killing cows and chickens, cleaning houses, cleaning dishes and utensils, sewing new clothes and preparing food and sacrifices for the festival. The festival lasts for three to four days. The first day is called "Wanduo is still rare", which means New Year's Eve. The last day is called "Wanba Wanma", which means "the day when the king of days comes", that is, New Year's Day in Dai calendar; One or two days in the middle is a gap between two years, which is called "Wannao". On the first morning of the festival, men, women and children should bathe and change clothes, and young people should dress up. In some areas, the day before the Songkran Festival, young men and women have to go up the mountain to pick wild flowers and branches, set up flower houses or towers in front of Buddhist temples, and build sand towers at the same time. On the day of the Water-splashing Festival, people carried offerings to Buddhist temples very early. At this time, the girls picked a load of clear water with fragrant flowers and poured it into the dragon body made of wood. The perfume flowed from Longkou to the Buddha to welcome the dust. People wash their eyes with the water that washed the Buddha statue and pray for the blessing of the Buddha. Old people sprinkle water with their hands and branches, welcome each other and bless each other. Young people splash water for the elderly first, and then splash it with pots and buckets, singing while splashing. The more they splash it, the happier and more intense it becomes. Drums, gongs, splashing water and the cheers of "water-water-water" become one. Passers-by and distant visitors should also take part in splashing water to show their blessing.
During the Songkran Festival, traditional entertainment activities such as dragon boat racing, packet dropping, flying lights and various song and dance parties are also held.
Tibetan Fruit Festival
August (no fixed day) is the Tibetan Fruit Festival. Generally, it takes three to five days before the green pear matures. The word "Wangguo" is Tibetan, which means "turning fields into ridges".
During the festival, local Tibetans put on costumes, carried a "harvest tower" made of green pears and wheat ears, and held slogans and colorful flags to move in the fields. After the transfer, cultural and sports activities such as horse racing, acting, singing and dancing will be held.
According to legend, 1,5 years ago, there was a turn-around celebration in the areas of Liejie and Naidong in Shannan. Every time the crops are ripe, the villagers circle around the village to pray for a bumper harvest. After Buddhism was introduced into Tibet, the activities of the Fruit-Looking Festival increased the content of Buddhism, which has been inherited to this day.
Three festivals of Naxi people
In a year, there are several festivals among Naxi people: Bangbang Festival, Three festivals, Torch Festival, Ghost Festival (River Lantern Festival) and Mule and Horse Festival, but among these festivals, the "Three Festival" is the most ethnic one. Because only the "Three Flowers Festival" is an important festival for Naxi people to sacrifice the "Three Flowers", which is also the biggest festival for Naxi people.
The "Three Flowers Festival" originated from Beiyue Temple Fair in Yulong Village, Baisha, Lijiang. It is called "Ode to Three Flowers" in Naxi language, which means "Sacrificing Three Flowers". In the records of Dongba ancient books, three are gods of Yulong Snow Mountain. They are heroes who can enlist good warfare and help the poor and help the poor. They have been worshipped by Naxi people as protectors and gods of war for thousands of years. It is said that "Three Flowers" belong to sheep, so on the eighth day of February every year, Naxi people from all over the country go to Beiyue Temple (that is, Yulong Temple, also called Three Flowers Temple) to worship and pray. In addition to holding festivals in Beiyue Temple, Naxi compatriots should cook food at home and burn incense to worship the "three flowers", as the poem says: "Every spring and February, every household wishes three flowers."
Naxi compatriots believe that "Three Flowers" is the embodiment of Yulong Snow Mountain, which often shows saints and protects the safety of Naxi people. In the Tang Dynasty, temples have been built to offer sacrifices, which is deeply believed by Naxi people. When Kublai Khan marched south to Dali and crossed Lijiang, he named three gods as "the Great Sage Snow Stone Beiyue Dingguo Anbang Jingdi". After the Ming Dynasty, the Mu Tusi of Naxi nationality built a large-scale building, expanded and repaired three temples, and cast heavy objects such as cauldrons and big clocks, and recorded all kinds of sacred relics of "Three Flowers" in detail.
Dong Fireworks Festival
Dong people are southern ethnic minorities distributed in the adjacent areas of Guizhou, Hunan and Guangxi provinces, among which Guizhou province has the largest population, which was called "Luo Yue", "Liao" and "Dong Man" in ancient literature. They are mainly engaged in mountain dam agriculture, forestry and fishing and hunting, and their handicrafts are developed. It produces "Xianghe Nuo" (known as "the king of glutinous rice"), "rice carp", camellia oleifera and fir trees, and is good at weaving Dong brocade. Drum Tower and "Fengyu Bridge" are its unique exquisite architectural art and are the landmark buildings of Dong Village.
The annual Fireworks Festival of Dong people is held on different dates in different places. Take Sanjiang Dong Autonomous County as an example, it is the third day of the first month (lunar calendar, the same below), Meilin is the second day of February, Fulu is the third day of March, and Linxi is October 26th. Fireworks are divided into the first, second and third cannons, and all the cannons are tied with an iron ring symbolizing happiness and wrapped with red and green thread. When it is set off, the gunpowder iron cannon is used as the impulse, and the iron ring is washed high into the air. When the iron ring falls, people take the iron ring as the goal and scramble for it, which is called "grabbing fireworks". It is said that whoever wins the fireworks will be prosperous and happy in this year. At the meeting place, Dong opera, colorful tunes, lusheng, "Duoye" and basketball were also played to entertain. Fireworks Festival is the most lively festival in the hearts of Dong people.
Miao people eat the New Festival on September 5th.
Recommended reason: Zhenyuan, Guizhou has the reputation of "the hometown of dragon boats", and it is also famous for its beautiful mountains and rivers, beautiful fields, profound historical and cultural connotations, and unique folk customs of Dong and Miao people.
geographical location: zhenyuan county is located in the eastern edge of Guizhou, which is a tourist destination in the eastern part of Guizhou, and is located in the transition slope from Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau to Xiangxi Hills. It is an ancient civilized city with a long history.
Aspect:
Going to the market and bullfighting are the festival features of Eating New Festival. Eating New Year Festival is a festival for Miao people to celebrate the harvest. Before the festival, people carefully feed their cows and horses; The girls embroidered beautiful dresses and ribbons, and prepared silver jewelry; The boys are busy trimming and buying lusheng ... Eating the New Year Festival is also a festival for Miao youth to love-girls and boys are invited in groups to go to the market or watch the bullfight.
Early in the morning, the girls in the stockade went out one after another and rushed to the nearby Lusheng field to dance Lusheng dance. Miao people have a proverb that "when the Lusheng rings, the feet itch". Miao people believe that Lusheng was created by the original mother, and the sound made by Lusheng is the mother's voice. On the Lusheng field, whoever plays Lusheng well will win the hearts of the girls.
Reminder
Accommodation: There are small hotels everywhere in the county town of Guizhou, and basically one night from 1 yuan to 2 yuan.
Shopping: Batik and embroidery with ethnic characteristics are the main products.
Gourmet: Spicy, hemp and sour are the outstanding flavors of Guizhou cuisine. Representative Guizhou delicacies include: crispy fish with spicy sauce, eel with Kung Pao, eel slices with Dushan hydrochloride, fish with eight treasures in a steamer, pigeon with mandarin duck and gastrodia tuber, chicken with Kung Pao and so on. Snacks include changwang noodles, Leijia tofu garden, cakes, sliced chicken powder, lotus leaf Ciba, rice tofu and so on.