Which dynasty did Ceng Gong belong to?
Ceng Gong is from the Northern Song Dynasty.
Ceng Gong was born in Nanfeng, Fuzhou, Jiangxi Province, and Nanfeng, Jianchangjun (now Nanfeng County, Jiangxi Province). He was a scholar in the second year of Jia (1057). A statesman and essayist in the Northern Song Dynasty was one of the "Eight Great Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties" and one of the "Seven Zeng in Nanfeng" (,Zeng Zhao, Zeng Zhu, Zeng Xie, Zeng Dun). He has made outstanding contributions to academic thought and literary career.
Major achievements
Ceng Gong was an important backbone of the new ancient prose movement in Song Dynasty, and advocated the combination of literature and Taoism in the theory of ancient prose. The style of writing originated from the Six Classics, which is also the strength of Sima Qian and Han Yu. It is plain, simple, gentle and elegant, which was taught by people and younger generations at that time. His poems have been translated into English and distributed abroad.
Ceng Gong also attaches great importance to promoting education, encouraging learning and cultivating talents. There is a "Xinglu Academy" next to Fuzhou's residence, which sets up study rules and teaching seats in person to promote Fuzhou's style of study. In Nanfeng Zigu Park, there are places where Ceng Gong studied as a child-Dushuyan, Zengwending Temple, Yangfeng Pavilion and Sixian Hall, and the county museum is also built in it. Nanchang has a fixed road, which was also named by later generations to commemorate this saint.
What deeds in Ceng Gong's life can make him rank first among the eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties?
Ceng Gong Zi Gu 10 19 was born in Nanfeng, Jiangxi, and 1083 died in Nanjing, Jiangsu, at the age of 65. He was a famous essayist in the Northern Song Dynasty, an important participant in the poetry innovation movement, and was listed as one of the "Eight Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties".
However, this writer has gone through a scientific research course as long as 2 1 year, and the difficulties and bumps have always overwhelmed him. He followed his father to Beijing, but his father died suddenly. He took part in two scientific researches, but failed twice in Sun Shan. He got married at the age of 32, and was admitted to Jinshi at the age of 39.
Scene _ Three years (1036), 18-year-old Ceng Gong took part in the national unified "College Entrance Examination" and wanted to climb to the top of the mountain to have a better view, but he fell into Sun Shan. It was almost a fatal blow to him.
The following year, his father, who served as a county magistrate, was framed and dismissed from office, and the livelihood of more than ten people in his family suddenly fell on his shoulders.
Ceng Gong had to put down his books to work in the fields, do housework and even start a business, running around the southeast coast all day.
Although life is not easy, after all, I survived this difficulty with a solid family.
In the first year of Li Qing (104 1), 23-year-old Ceng Gong went to Beijing again, went to imperial academy, visited Ouyang Xiu, wrote the first book Ouyang Shixue, and presented two essays on current affairs. While seeking advice from Ouyang Xiu, he also sincerely wanted to worship Ouyang Xiu as a teacher.
After reading his article, Ouyang Xiu couldn't help admiring that "the Kunlun River flows into the Yellow River, and it is all over the river", and said: "There are hundreds of people who have passed by our house, and they live happily alone."
During this period, Ceng Gong also met Wang Anshi and became good friends.
Ceng Gong appreciated Wang Anshi's talent and praised his article "A great craftsman thanks a ruler".
However, in the second year of Li Qing, Ceng Gong and his younger brother both stayed in Sun Shan, while Wang Anshi was a scholar.
In the fourth year of Qing Dynasty (1044), Ceng Gong wrote Xie Ren in Shang Ouyang in order to recommend Wang Anshi, and thought: "This person is rare in ancient and modern times. Nowadays, there is no time to delay. Although there are no ordinary people, it is not harmful. Gu Shi, this can't be lost. "
In the seventh year in Li Qing, his father died in exile, but Ceng Gong was not discouraged. After more than ten years, he taught behind closed doors and took on the responsibility of supporting his family.
When Ceng Gong fell out of the list again, Ouyang Xiu wrote a Preface to Send a Scholar to Ceng Gong for him, saying: "Zeng Sheng went in a different way, did not commit a crime, told him to return, learned from others, and persevered. At first, I was shocked by my writing style and strengthened my ambition. Fu Nong doesn't complain about his old age, but is diligent in sowing. The flood and drought are already there. If they gain something, will it be more evil? "
After returning to his hometown, Ceng Gong kept in touch with his teacher Ouyang Xiu and was often encouraged. Wang Anshi and others have been keeping in touch with him, and they have been comforted in his predicament.
Despite studying hard, Ceng Gong was unable to go to Beijing for exams several times because of illness and life difficulties.
However, many things happen. In the second year of Jia _ (1057), at the age of 39, he went to Beijing for the third time to take the imperial examination. The examiner was his mentor Ouyang Xiu.
Sure enough, in the end, not only his two younger brothers, Zeng Yanghe, but also his two brothers-in-law and Wang were admitted to high school.
At the same time, Su Shi and Su Zhe, two brothers from Meizhou, were admitted to the Jinshi together. Ceng Gong stepped into politics and literature.
As one of the eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties, Ceng Gong's literary thoughts are widely read and his literary achievements are remarkable. His literary attainments are praised by later generations as "the past is not forgotten, and the future is not obvious."
Praise for Ceng Gong may be overdone, but it's not unreasonable.
Ouyang Xiu once commented on Ceng Gong: There are hundreds of his disciples, but Ceng Gong has the highest talent and the greatest achievement. Even in an exam, Ouyang Xiu recorded Su Dongpo's article in the name of Ceng Gong.
On one occasion, Ouyang Xiu organized a provincial examination, and he was very surprised when he read an article that could be called a strange article. Because he knew that his favorite disciple, Ceng Gong, also took part in the exam, he thought that this article was written by Ceng Gong, and wanted to give this article full marks and rank it as the first. However, when he thought that Ceng Gong was his favorite disciple, he would be criticized by others for bending the law and favoring relatives and friends, so he listed this article as the second.
It can be seen that in Ouyang Xiu's mind, Ceng Gong occupies an unparalleled position.
Fame flourished before death and was respected after death. Disciples such as Zeng Men and Zeng Zhao respected their teachers, and Confucian sage Zhu also admired them: "When I was in my twenties, I occasionally read works, but I was not talented enough to get what I wanted. Today, I am over 60 years old. After reading his legacy, I still feel simple, rigorous and serious, and my writing is like a person. "
In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, You Zhu, a famous writer in the Ming Dynasty, had a special liking for the ancient prose of Tang and Song Dynasties. He selected the articles of Su San, Ouyang Xiu, Liu Zongyuan, Han Yu, Ceng Gong and Wang Anshi, and named them "Collected Works of Eight Misters".
Since then, Ceng Gong's literary attainments have been recognized and respected by more scholars, and he has finally become one of the "Eight Masters of Tang and Song Dynasties" who rose to fame in the history of Qing Dynasty.
Brief introduction of Ceng Gong.
Ceng Gong (10 19 September 30th-1083 April 30th) was born in Nanfeng (now Nanfeng County, Jiangxi Province), a writer, historian and politician in the Northern Song Dynasty.
Ceng Gong's grandfather Zeng Zhiyao and his father Zeng Yizhan were both famous ministers in the Northern Song Dynasty. Ceng Gong is brilliant and has an excellent memory. When he was young, he read poetry books, blurted them out and recited them. /kloc-at the age of 0/2, he may become a writer. Jia _ 2 years (1057), a scholar, once served as a judicial army in Taiping Prefecture, and was famous for his familiarity with laws and regulations and proper sentencing. In the second year of Xining (1069), he was a proofreader of A Record of Song Yingzong, and was soon released to Yuezhou.
After five years in Xining (1072), he successively served in qi zhou, Xiangzhou, Hongzhou, Fuzhou, Mingzhou, Bozhou and Cangzhou. In the fourth year of Yuanfeng (108 1), he was appointed as a historian, edited and renovated the courtyard, and sentenced the Taichang Hall as a ritual. In the sixth year of Yuanfeng (1083), he died in jiangning house (now Nanjing, Jiangsu) and Wen Ding, posthumous title.
Honest and honest, diligent in political affairs, and concerned about people's livelihood, Zeng Zhao, Ceng Bu, Zeng Yi, Zeng _, Zeng Xie and Zeng Dun are also called "South Wind Seven Zeng". Ceng Gong's literary achievements are outstanding, and his works are "quaint, straight and harmonious", ranking among the eight masters in the Tang and Song Dynasties, and being praised as "Mr. Nanfeng" by the world.
Extended data
The Characteristics of Ceng Gong's Articles
1, the article about things is more detailed and euphemistic.
2. Although Ceng Gong's articles are simple and few, they sometimes swing and sometimes open and close vertically and horizontally. The preface is particularly distinctive.
3, good at narrative, characterized by clear organization, without exception. There are also those who are good at narration and don't write much about scenery. For example, the disaster relief thoughts in Mo Chi Ji and Yue Gong are profound, powerful and reasonable. His book, preface and inscription are also good articles. When Quincy's style prevailed, his prose and Ouyang Xiu's prose, a sculpted style, tended to be simple and natural.
Refer to Baidu Encyclopedia-Ceng Gong
Ceng Gong's life story materials.
Ceng Gong, a statesman and essayist in the Northern Song Dynasty, was one of the eight great poets in Tang and Song Dynasties and one of the seven great poets in Nanfeng. He has made outstanding contributions to academic thought and literary career. In the Southern Song Dynasty, Li Zong was known as "Wen Ding" and internationally as "Mr. Nanfeng". The following is the life story of Ceng Gong that I shared with you. Welcome to read and learn!
The Life of the Characters in Ceng Gong's Works
1. Young and smart
Ceng Gong's ancestors were scholars, his grandfather was a doctor of Shangshu, and his father was a doctor of Taichang. Ceng Gong is very talented and has a good memory. When he was young, he read poetry books and could recite them. He and his brother Zeng Ye studied hard together and showed great talent from an early age. Shi said that Gong was able to write articles at the age of twelve, and his speech was extraordinary.
Make good friends.
/kloc-when he was 0/8 years old, he went to Beijing to take the exam, met Wang Anshi, who was in Beijing with his father, and became close friends. At the age of 20, he entered imperial academy and wrote Ouyang Xiu, presenting "Current Affairs Policy". Since then, it has become famous all over the world, but it has been tried and tested because it is good at strategizing rather than responding to articles in time. In the seventh year of Li Qing (1047), his father died, so he had to drop out of school and go back to his hometown to serve his stepmother. When Ceng Gong was a teenager, he and Wang Anshi were close friends. After boarding Ouyang Xiu's door, he recommended Wang Anshi to Ouyang Xiu. It was not until the second year of Jia _ (1058) that Ouyang Xiu presided over the examination, insisting on ancient prose and strategy, supplemented by poetry and prose, that he and his brother Zeng Mou and cousin Zeng Fu became the first scholar. Before that, he not only met Ouyang Xiu and made friends with Wang Anshi, but also had correspondence with Du Yan and Fan Zhongyan, contributing articles, discussing current politics and stating his attitude towards life.
3. Work experience
Jia _ 4 years (1059), served as the judicial officer of Taiping Prefecture (now dangtu county, Anhui Province), and was famous for his familiarity with laws and regulations and proper sentencing. In the past five years, Ouyang Xiu recommended him to the capital for collating, recruiting talents, sorting out and collating a large number of ancient books, such as Warring States Policy, Shuoyuan, New Preface, Liang Shu, Tang Ling, Li Taibai Ji, Inclusive Poems, Biography of Women, etc., and made many books of past dynasties.
In the second year of Xining (1069), he was a proofreader of A Story of Song Yingzong, and was soon released to Yuezhou (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang) to serve his sentence. He has worked in Xining for five years, and has successively served as well-known person, Xiangzhou, Hongzhou, Fuzhou, Mingzhou and Bozhou. Honest and honest, diligent in political affairs, concerned about people's livelihood. He implemented the new law according to Wang Anshi's purpose and actual situation. Committed to rehabilitating unjust imprisonment, maintaining social order, cracking down on strongmen, disaster relief and epidemic prevention, dredging river bridges, setting up post stations, restoring cities, setting up schools, cutting official documents, rectifying official management, and abolishing exorbitant taxes and miscellaneous fees, it was well received by the masses.
4. Old age
For three years (1080), Yuan Feng was appointed as the Zhizhou of Cangzhou (now Hebei). When passing through Kaifeng, Song Shenzong summoned him. Song Shenzong appreciated his suggestion that "saving is the key to financial management" and stayed in a tertiary hospital.
In the fourth year of Yuanfeng (108 1), the court thought that Ceng Gong's historiography was comparable to that of a scholar-bureaucrat and was suitable to be in charge of the history of the Five Dynasties. As a historian, he edited and renovated the courtyard and sentenced Taichang Temple as a ritual.
In the fifth year of Yuanfeng (1082), in April, he paid homage to Mr. Scheeren in Zhongshu. Ceng Gong announced that he was old and wanted to choose another talent. There is a book called "A Letter to Mr. Sheren in Zhongshu is a Self-defense for Liu", which shows that he is modest and retired. In September of the same year, Ceng Gong was killed by his mother, so he was dismissed.
In the sixth year of Yuanfeng (1083), Ceng Gong died in jiangning house (now Nanjing, Jiangsu) at the age of 65. Buried in the right of Nanfengyuan Chongjue Temple.
Ceng Gong's main achievements
1. Prose
Ceng Gong was an active participant in the New Poetry Movement in the Northern Song Dynasty, and was also the backbone of the New Ancient Poetry Movement in the Song Dynasty. He accepted Ouyang Xiu's thought of ancient prose creation. On the theory of ancient prose, he advocated the combination of literature and Taoism, and advocated that "literature should take Ming Dow as the body". Most of his articles were written by Ming Dow, and his writing style is known as "quaint, upright and harmonious". His style of writing originated from the Six Classics and combined the strengths of Sima Qian and Han Yu. Elegant and tall, gentle and elegant, strict rules and regulations, good at reasoning, taught by contemporary and younger generations. Ceng Gong is a writer, natural and simple, but not very particular about literary talent.
The characteristics of Ceng Gong's articles are embodied in several different aspects. First of all, the article on this matter is very detailed and euphemistic. Secondly, although Ceng Gong's articles are simple and few, they sometimes waver and open and close vertically and horizontally. The preface is particularly distinctive. Moreover, he is good at narration, which is characterized by coherence and expressiveness. There are also those who are good at narratives and don't write much about scenery, such as "Awakening the Heart Pavilion" and "You Shan". But there are also great works, such as Taoist Pavilion. The disaster relief in Ji and Yuezhou is profound, powerful and reasonable, which integrates notes, arguments and lyricism. His book, preface and inscription are also good articles. When Quincy's style prevailed, his prose and Ouyang Xiu's prose, a sculpted style, tended to be simple and natural.
2. Argumentative essay
The characteristics of his argumentative essay are: analyzing whispers, clarifying doubts, standing on one's own feet, analyzing and distinguishing difficulties, and not showing his edge. Tang Lun is one of the representative works. The Preface to the Catalogue of Warring States Policy is magnificent and highly respected by people.
3. Narrative prose
The characteristics of his narrative prose are: knowledge and emotion, relevance and vividness. "Letter to Mr. Ouyang Scheeren" and "Ruling Book of Upper Fuzhou" have always been regarded as model essays. The narrative is euphemistic and profound, the language is concise and concise, and the structure is very rigorous.
Step 4 be poetic
Ceng Gong's main achievement is writing, and he can also write poems. There are more than 400 poems, which are characterized by simplicity, boldness and detachment, profound meaning, slightly similar to their prose, detached style and fresh words. However, some of them also have the common problems of classical poetry in Song Dynasty, which are just covered up by prose and ignored. He is not only good at prose, but also good at poetry. His image is distinct and he has a lasting appeal in the Tang Dynasty. Among all his poems, seven poems are the highest achievement, profound, meticulous and full of charm. Such as west building, south of the city, singing willow. As far as the Eight Masters are concerned, his poems are not as good as those of Han, Liu, Ou, Wang and Su Shi, but better than those of Su Xun and Su Zhe. There is only one poem "Appreciating the Southern Branch". His poems have been translated into English and distributed abroad.
5. Practical writing
Ceng Gong, as one of the eight famous poets in Tang and Song Dynasties, has been handed down from generation to generation with Feng Leizi and Longping Collection in Yuan Dynasty. Judging from his collected works handed down from ancient times, his interests mainly lie in practical articles such as historical biography and strategic theory. In particular, he has been engaged in the compilation of historical books for many years, and he has studied the writing of historical inscriptions. Studying and summarizing his theory of practical writing is of guiding significance to the development of modern practical writing.
6. Educational contribution
Ceng Gong was one of the eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties. His position in the minds of contemporary and later China ancient writers is not low. Although his achievements are not as good as those of North Korea, Liu, Europe and the Soviet Union, he has considerable influence. Ceng Gong's thought belongs to the Confucian system. He agreed with Confucius and Mencius' philosophical views, emphasizing "benevolence" and "sincerity", and believed that as long as he was open-minded and introspected and cultivated himself sincerely according to the golden mean, he could understand and dominate the world. Politically, he opposed the merger policy and advocated developing agriculture and opening up roads. When he was a local official, he was pregnant with "benevolence"
Due to the limitations of his thoughts, he had different views on Wang Anshi's political reform. He believes that the denser the law, the more disadvantages it has, and does not advocate sticking to the law. He was dissatisfied with the insistence of the incumbent, and proposed that the laws changed according to the actual situation, not necessarily the same. Morality is the foundation of a person's foothold in society and cannot be changed. It advocates the necessary reform of the law without losing the will of the former king. In action, he was able to uphold the new law. When he was an official in qi zhou, he was able to practice the Garbo law and let the people of Jizhou live and work in peace and contentment. He learned from Sima Qian, Han Yu and Ouyang Xiu, and advocated "Ming Dow as the body of writing", which extended Ouyang Xiu's view of "keeping promises and having a proper way to speak" to historical biography literature and inscriptions. He stressed that only by strengthening moral cultivation can we express our feelings and write the article Ming Dow.
Ceng Gong attaches importance to developing education, encouraging learning and cultivating talents. He trained a group of famous Confucianists, and Chen Shidao, Wujiu Wang, Zeng Zhao and Ceng Bu were all used by him. Ceng Gong's scholarship is rigorous. He uses every mechanics to strive for, think deeply and explore, so as to know its importance and subtlety. There is a "Xinglu Academy" next to Fuzhou's residence, which sets up study rules and teaching seats in person to promote Fuzhou's style of study. In Nanfeng "Zigu Park", there are places where Ceng Gong studied as a child-Reading Rock, Zengwending Temple, Yangfeng Pavilion and Sixian Hall, and the county museum is also built in it.
Step 7 organize books
Ceng Gong studied hard all his life and liked books very much, so he learned a lot from politics. There are more than 20,000 volumes of ancient books in the family, and 500 volumes of seal cutting are collected, which is called "Jinshi Lu". His works include Yuanfeng Draft, Continued Yuanfeng Draft, Longping Collection, Waiji and so on. He has been proofreading until he is old. He compiled Biographies of Lienv, Li Taibai's Collection and Chen Shu. When working in the history museum, he buried himself in sorting out two books, Warring States Policy and Shuoyuan, and went to visit and collect them himself to avoid losing them. Every time he writes a book at school, he writes a preface. And revised three histories of southern Shu Qi, Liang Shu and Chen Shu. Catalogs made when editing and proofreading ancient books, such as Preface to the Catalogue of Warring States Policy, Biography of Martyrs, Preface to the New Preface Catalogue, etc.
Ceng Gong's performance in office.
1. Yuezhou: Order rich households to sell grain.
1069, Ceng Gong, who worked in Beijing for several years, offended both sides in the argument between Wang Anshi and Sima Guang about political reform, so he asked Song Shenzong for a transfer. Song Shenzong arranged for Ceng Gong to be the judge of Yuezhou (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang).
After Ceng Gong took office, he immediately observed people's feelings, visited the poor and asked questions, and conducted research. Yuezhou collects taxes from wineries for the use of yamen. The restaurant has limited money, which is not enough for financial expenditure, and the insufficient part is shared with the people, and a seven-year period is set. The time has come, and the yamen still levies heavy taxes and fails to stop collecting them as required. Ceng Gong immediately stopped the collection of this tax after knowing the situation.
Then there was a famine, and the disaster was serious and people's livelihood was depressed. Ceng Gong arranged for people to put up notices widely, requiring wealthy families in all counties to truthfully declare their grain reserves. As soon as the rich man declared that his reserve reached 6.5438+0.5 million stone, he immediately issued a decree, requiring the rich men from all over the country to sell food to the people at a price slightly higher than the grain price in the regular warehouse, so that the hungry people could buy it nearby, which was tantamount to giving timely help. It also raised a loan of 50,000 yuan for farmers to buy seeds.
2. qi zhou: End the "overlord society" in one fell swoop.
107 1 year, Ceng Gong was transferred to Jizhou (now Jinan, Shandong Province).
There was a rich man named Zhou. His son was rich but heartless. People were very angry about it. However, the Zhou family "moved the powerful" and colluded with the local officials. Ceng Gong is new here, collecting evidence and bringing Zhou Gao to justice. In Zhangqiu area, there are a group of local tyrants known as the "overlord society", who kill people and steal goods and commit all kinds of evils. Ceng Gong sent troops to arrest them all, sentenced 3 1 criminals and sent them to the frontier. He also initiated the law of "protecting Wu", which guaranteed five households, supervised entry and exit, registered foreign population, beat gongs and drums to help thieves. Through the governance of Ceng Gong, the crime of theft and robbery in qi zhou has been significantly reduced, and the state with frequent public security cases has become a safe state, with a clear atmosphere.
Ceng Gong is diligent and pragmatic, and everything starts from reality. In order to harness the Yellow River, the imperial court mobilized migrant workers from all over the country and transferred 20,000 workers from qi zhou. As soon as Ceng Gong heard that some local hukou was missing or concealed, it immediately decided to conduct a general survey, report it step by step from the bottom up and verify it repeatedly. Finally, it is found that 1 9 ding can meet the demand of recruiting ding. His pragmatic style relieved many ordinary people from the suffering of corvee and lightened their burden.
Ceng Gong's achievements in qi zhou and his implementation of Wang Anshi's new law stimulated agricultural production; The construction of Zhouqi North Watergate has solved the flood problem that has plagued qi zhou for many years. Dredge Daming Lake. Later generations built Zenggong Temple in Qianfo Mountain and Nanfeng Temple (also called Mr. Nanfeng in Ceng Gong) beside Daming Lake to commemorate Ceng Gong's great contribution to qi zhou.
3. Hongzhou: Turn the official residence into a temporary shelter.
1076, Ceng Gong was transferred to Hongzhou (now Nanchang, Jiangxi), and was also in charge of the military forces on Jiangnan West Road (Wu Zhi, mainly responsible for defense).
At the beginning of taking office, it coincided with the plague epidemic in Jiangxi. Ceng Gong quickly deployed relief materials and quickly ordered all counties and cities to reserve epidemic prevention drugs in case of emergency. He arranged for people to vacate the official residence of the state government office as a temporary shelter for those sick soldiers and those who could not support themselves. He not only sent doctors to treat them, but also provided them with food and clothes for free. He sent people to record the epidemic situation at any time, register the infected and uninfected people, summarize them in time, and then allocate funds from the state treasury to distribute disaster relief funds according to their priorities.
4. Fuzhou: Officials do not compete with the people for profits.
From 65438 to 0077, Ceng Gong was transferred from Hongzhou to Fuzhou (now Fuzhou, Fujian).
When Fuzhou took office, Ceng Gong put forward a view that officials should not compete with the people for profits. A large number of government vegetables went on the market, which disrupted the market and led to lower and lower vegetable prices. Vegetable farmers who grow vegetables can't sell their vegetables, and their income is greatly reduced. Ceng Gong immediately cancelled the "professional fields" (state-owned fixed fields) allocated to a certain area by the imperial court, thus safeguarding the interests of vegetable farmers.
After the age of 60, he was also assigned by the court to Mingzhou, Bozhou, Cangzhou and other places as magistrates, and he also made achievements wherever he went. In practical work, Ceng Gong talks less and does more. He went to seven or eight states in his life, worked at the grass-roots level, dealt with issues concerning the vital interests of the people in a timely manner, and did practical things and good deeds for the people.
Ceng Gong's Personality Evaluation
Throughout his life, Ceng Gong was a local official and devoted himself to it. All his letters were based on serving relatives. Generally speaking, political performance is not outstanding. The History of Song Dynasty is a legend that Lv Gongzhu tried to tell Gong that it is not as good as politics and politics is not as good as articles.
The Biography of Ceng Gong in the History of Song Dynasty commented that his article was "difficult to stand between Ouyang Xiu and Wang Anshi, simple but not annoying, simple but not gloomy, and outstanding".
Wang Anshi said: "There are many articles in Ceng Zi, and there is a dispute among the stars in Jianghan." .
Su Shi thinks: "Ceng Zi is quaint and elegant." .
Su Zhe summed up Ceng Gong's academic achievements with "Confucianism is far behind Miracle, and literature is close to Han Jing Xi".
Zhu in the Southern Song Dynasty praised him for "reading Zeng Shu, sighing and not covering the waste book, why not know the public"; "Love your words with strictness and righteousness, and learn from them." .
In Yuan Dynasty, Liu Biao thought that Ceng Gong was "more interested in Confucian classics all his life; Wandering around saying that the moon is not good. Often, the poetic style of Song people is more fu, more bi xing, and so is Mr. Wang's poetry.
At the end of Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of Ming Dynasty, the Collected Works of Mr. Ba was compiled, and it began to be juxtaposed with North Korea, Liu, Europe, Wang and Wang.
"The History of the Ming Dynasty, Wang Chuan" contains: "Caution is the text, and Qin and Han Dynasties are the beginning, which means that there is no merit in Tokyo. European writing was burned, and old works were imitated, especially in Ceng Gong; If you don't accept it at first, it will change over time. "
Wang, Mao Kun and Gui Youguang in the Tang and Song Dynasties in the Ming Dynasty were full of praise. Ceng Gong was officially listed as one of the eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties by Mao Kun, which further established his important position in the history of prose.
Fang Bao, Liu Da and Yao Nai, the ancestors of Tongcheng School in Qing Dynasty. He took Ouyang Xiu and Ceng Gong's articles as models and learned from Owen.
People who have seen the Life of Ceng Gong have also seen it:
1. On the Years of Li Zunian
2. Ancient Poetry Spring Festival Evening-Wang Ling
3. A famous prime minister in history
4. The profound friendship between Ceng Gong and Wang Anshi.
Which dynasty did Ceng Gong belong to?
Ceng Gong, Zigu, was a writer in Song Dynasty. He is from Nanfeng, and the world calls him "Mr. Nanfeng". He was born in 10 19. Ceng Gong is not only clever, but also has a good memory. Moreover, his ancestors were scholars and studied hard. Under this condition, Ceng Gong had a good literary talent in his early years.
Ceng Gong wrote Six Theories at the age of twelve, and he began to write, with good results. Later, Ceng Gong's father went to Rugao as a county magistrate and also took Ceng Gong to Rugao to study there.
Ceng Gong went to Beijing with his father at the age of eighteen and became close friends with Wang Anshi. At the same time, he entered imperial academy at the age of twenty, where he met not only Wang Anshi, but also Ouyang Xiu. Wang Anshi, Ceng Gong and Ouyang Xiu were all eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties. Not only that, Ceng Gong also corresponded with Fan Zhongyan and others. They all used articles to talk about politics at that time, so Ceng Gong became more famous.
Although Ceng Gong became famous, at that time, he neglected exams because of his strategic theory, which led to his failure in many exams.
Later, in A.D. 1047, Ceng Gong's father died, and he dropped out of school and went back to his hometown to take care of his stepmother. Because of his father's death, he took care of his stepmother wholeheartedly, as well as his younger brothers and sisters. Therefore, Ceng Gong is a person who is filial to his elders and cares about his younger brothers and sisters.
In A.D. 1058, Ouyang Xiu presided over the examination, and Ouyang Xiu took ancient prose and strategic theory as the main examination articles, supplemented by antithetical poems. Ceng Gong is good at ancient prose strategy, so this time Ceng Gong Jinshi concurrently.
After that, Ceng Gong was appointed as Sima of Taiping Prefecture to join the army, and was recommended by Ouyang Xiu to be the collating library of Jingshi to recruit talents. Thanks to Ouyang Xiu's recommendation, he compiled a large number of ancient books, such as The Warring States Policy, Chen Shu, Liang Shu, Tang Ling, Li Taibai's Collection, Biography of Martyrs, etc. Ceng Gong made great contributions to the collation of these books.
In A.D. 1069, Ceng Gong was transferred to Yuezhou as a general, and was later appointed as Jizhou, Xiangzhou, Hongzhou, Mingzhou and Bozhou.
At that time, Ceng Gong was an honest official who cared about people's life difficulties. At that time, he was based on Wang Anshi's new reform, and everything was handled according to the local conditions at that time. During his tenure in various places, he rehabilitated unjust cases, maintained public order and local stability at that time, cracked down on lawless strongmen, rectified official management, promoted education and abolished heavy taxes. Because of what Ceng Gong did, Ceng Gong was deeply respected and loved by the people.
In A.D. 1080, Ceng Gong was appointed as the Prefecture of Cangzhou, and was later appointed as the third-class court by Song Shenzong. Then, because Ceng Gong had a lot of research on history, he was asked to do historical work.
Ceng Gong died in 1083, when Ceng Gong was sixty-five years old. After Ceng Gong's death, posthumous title was appointed Wen Ding.
Ceng Gong was one of the eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties. At the same time, he also has attainments and achievements in calligraphy, prose and poetry, including Ceng Gong, Longping and Yuanfeng.